Establishment of wear model and life prediction of drum of hot rolling coiler

For the drum of hot rolling coiler is prone to be easily destroyed, the type of MMU-5G abrasion tester was applied to revealing the friction and wear behavior. The morphology observation by scanning electron microscope (SEM) demonstrates the wear mechanism of the drum, and the test data of the influence coefficient of the normal pressure, relative sliding speed and surface lubrication conditions acted on the linear rate of the wear could be obtained by the regression method. A calculation model, which considers the factors of the structure of the drum, coiling tension and coiling strip specifications, was established by the combination method to predict the wear life of the drum. Then the practical production data was applied into this model and the analysis result was in good accordance with that of actual production.

3D finite element analysis of a two-surface wear model in fretting tests

This article aims at developing a computationally efficient framework to simulate the erosion of two contact surfaces in three-dimensional(3D),depending on the body resistance.The framework involves finite element(FE)resolution of a fretting problem,wear computation via a non-local criterion including a wear distribution parameter(WDP),as well as updating of the geometry and automatic remeshing.Its originality is based on the capability to capture the damage on each surface and obtain local and global results for a quantitative and qualitative analysis.Numerical simulations are carried out for two 3D contact specimens with different values of WDP.The results highlight the importance of correctly modelling wear:One-surface wear model is sufficient from a global point of view(wear volume),or whenever the wear resistance for a body is much higher than that of another one,whereas a 3D two-surface wear model is essential to capturing local effects(contact pressure,wear footprint,etc.)related to the difference in wear resistance of the bodies.

A Review on Fretting Wear Mechanisms,Models and Numerical Analyses

Fretting wear is a material damage in contact surfaces due to micro relative displacement between them.It causes some general problems in industrial applications,such as loosening of fasteners or sticking in components supposed to move relative to each other.Fretting wear is a complicated problem involving material properties of tribosystem and working conditions of them.Due to these various factors,researchers have studied the process of fretting wear by experiments and numerical modelling methods.This paper reviews recent literature on the numerical modelling method of fretting wear.After a briefly introduction on the mechanism of fretting wear,numerical models,which are critical issues for fretting wear modelling,are reviewed.The paper is concluded by highlighting possible research topics for future work.

Numerical Model of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene Abrasive Wear Tests

Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been used in orthopedics as one of the materials for artificial joints in knee, hip and spine prostheses, most of the implanted joints are designed so that the metal of the prosthesis is articulate against a polymeric material, however the main problems is the average life time of the UHMWPE due to wear, and the particles generated by the friction of the metal on the articulation of the polymer are the most common inducer of osteolysis, generating a loosening of the implant leading to an imminent failure resulting in the total replacement of the prosthesis. In this investigation a numerical model of abrasive wear was made using the classic Archard wear equation applied to dynamic simulation of finite element analysis (FEA) of the micro-abrasion test using a subroutine written in Fortran language linked to the finite element software to predict the rate of wear. The results of the numerical model were compared with tests of abrasive wear in the laboratory, obtaining a margin of error below 5%,concluding that the numerical model is feasible for the prediction of the rate of wear and could be applied in knowing the life cycle of joint prostheses or for the tribological analysis in industrial machinery or cutting tools. The wear coefficient (K) was obtained from the grinding tests depending on the depth of stroke of the crater, which was analyzed by 3D profilometry to obtain the wear rate and the wear constant.

Prediction of Wearing of Cutting Tools Using Real Time Machining Parameters and Temperature Using Rayleigh-Ham Method

Wear of cutting tools is a big concern for industrial manufacturers, because of their acquisition cost as well as the impact on the production lines when they are unavailable. Law of wear is very important in determining cutting tools lifespan, but most of the existing models don’t take into account the cutting temperature. In this work, the theoretical and experimental results of a dynamic study of metal machining against cutting temperature of a treated steel of grade S235JR with a high-speed steel tool are provided. This study is based on the analysis of two complementary approaches, an experimental approach with the measurement of the temperature and on the other hand, an approach using modeling. Based on unifactorial and multifactorial tests (speed of cut, feed, and depth of cut), this study allowed the highlighting of the influence of the cutting temperature on the machining time. To achieve this objective, two specific approaches have been selected. The first was to measure the temperature of the cutting tool and the second was to determine the wear law using Rayleigh-Ham dimensional analysis method. This study permitted the determination of a law that integrates the cutting temperature in the calculations of the lifespan of the tools during machining.

砂卵石地层盾构刀具磨损预测模型及刀具参数敏感性分析

[目的]砂卵石地层中的石英颗粒体积分数较高,会导致盾构刀具磨损严重,影响施工进度及工期。建立盾构刀具磨损预测模型来预测盾构刀具的磨损量,是确保盾构法施工高效安全进行的重要环节。因此,有必要研究刀具磨损预测模型,并进行刀具参数敏感性分析。[方法]分析了砂卵石地层对盾构刀具的研磨性;介绍了砂卵石地层盾构刀具的切削机理;建立了考虑微观磨损特征的盾构刀具磨损预测模型,并对刀具参数进行敏感性分析。[结果及结论]不均匀系数、特征粒径与材料的磨损量正相关;塑性去除磨损、脆性去除磨损和黏着磨损的体积分数分别为61.4%、30.8%、7.8%,塑性去除磨损和脆性去除磨损占比较大;磨损系数随着不均匀系数和特征粒径的增大而增大,盾构刀具的磨损量整体随着刀具刃角的减小而减小。盾构刀具的磨损主要由磨粒磨损和黏着磨损造成。

沙粒质量分数对油气混输泵过流部件磨损的影响

为研究沙粒质量分数对油气混输泵过流部件磨损的影响规律,基于DPM模型对油气混输泵内部的沙粒运动进行数值计算,并采用Finnie磨蚀模型计算油气混输泵过流部件的磨蚀率.研究结果表明:在沙粒质量分数较小时,沙粒与流体介质混合均匀;随着沙粒质量分数的增大,增压单元内的沙粒局部质量浓度显著增大,沙粒集中在叶轮压力面及导叶流道中部;沙粒质量分数增大会使磨损区域和磨损率急剧增大;在叶轮域中,磨损首先发生在压力面出口处,吸力面则在进口外缘发生点状和条状磨损;在导叶域中,压力面的磨损主要发生在外缘处,吸力面的磨损主要发生在进口轮毂处;从定量分析看,叶轮叶片表面的磨蚀率普遍大于导叶叶片表面的磨蚀率,磨损最严重的位置为叶轮叶片进口靠近轮毂处.研究结果可为改善油气混输泵抗磨损性能以及提高油气混输泵实际运行寿命提供一定参考依据.

基于赫兹接触模型的发动机封严涂层碰磨力计算与优化

目的提高航空发动机的推进效率,在压气机机匣上喷涂可以减少叶尖径向间隙的封严涂层。叶尖与涂层之间的碰磨力会导致涂层脱落,且会击伤叶片,需要对碰磨力进行分析。方法采用大气等离子喷涂技术制备4种不同硬度的AlSi-PHB(聚苯酯)封严涂层,通过表面硬度测试、弹性模量测试和高速碰磨试验,分别评价封严涂层的硬度、弹性模量,以及在高速碰磨过程中不同工况下涂层受到的碰磨力;基于赫兹接触模型对叶尖与涂层之间的碰磨力进行计算,通过激光共聚焦显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对碰磨后的涂层和叶尖进行分析,同时根据接触面形态特征和温度特征对赫兹模型进行优化。结果碰磨力与涂层的硬度、叶尖转速、叶尖切入速率有关,复杂的接触表面形貌和摩擦升温会导致理论计算值与实验值之间出现偏差。结论通过优化叶尖和涂层的接触系数,同时考虑摩擦升温对涂层弹性模量的影响,可将不同工况下碰磨力计算值与测量值之间的偏差控制在1%~11%,这项研究对于指导航空发动机封严涂层的设计具有重要意义。

主成分分析和灰色模型组合的身管多点烧蚀磨损量预测

身管是火炮类武器的关键零件,对其烧蚀磨损量进行预测,有助于保持火炮作战效能。针对火炮身管沿轴向各点烧蚀磨损量需分别建立数学模型进行预测问题,提出一种组合烧蚀磨损量预测方法。采用主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)方法对身管多点烧蚀磨损量进行数据空间降维,提取反映烧蚀磨损量变化的主成分,利用灰色模型对主成分进行多步预测,通过PCA逆运算获得身管内膛多点烧蚀磨损量预测值。结果表明,在历史数据较少的条件下,通过选择合适的预测步数可获得较为准确的预测值,为身管内膛多点烧蚀磨损量的预测提供了一种新的有效途径。

Modeling and verification of comprehensive errors of real-time wear-depth detecting for spherical plain bearing tester

Because of various error factors,the detecting errors in the real-time experimental data of the wear depth affect the accuracy of the detecting data.The self-made spherical plain bearing tester was studied,and its testing principle of the wear depth of the spherical plain bearing was introduced.Meanwhile,the error factors affecting the wear-depth detecting precision were analyzed.Then,the comprehensive error model of the wear-depth detecting system of the spherical plain bearing was built by the multi-body system theory(MBS).In addition,the thermal deformation of the wear-depth detecting system caused by varying the environmental temperature was detected.Finally,according to the above experimental parameters,the thermal errors of the related parts of the comprehensive error model were calculated by FEM.The results show that the difference between the simulation value and the experimental value is less than 0.005 mm,and the two values are close.The correctness of the comprehensive error model is verified under the thermal error experimental conditions.

基于FIR-Stacking的刀具磨损预测

针对铣刀加工工件时传感器信号存在噪声、单一传统机器学习模型预测效果不理想的问题,提出一种基于自适应FIR滤波器和Stacking集成模型的刀具磨损预测方法。首先,采用自适应FIR滤波器去噪,计算时域、频域和时频域常用统计量作为信号特征,并对同一信号的多源信号特征进行拼接,经Pearson相关系数筛选保留相关系数大于0.2的特征;最后,以LightGBM、支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR)、多层感知机(multilayer perceptron,MLP)作为基模型,Lasso作为元模型,构建Stacking集成模型进行刀具磨损预测。使用铣削加工数据集进行验证,结果表明该方法可有效提高预测准确性。

天然气水合物试采多相输送的弯管段防护研究

天然气水合物浆液中混杂的泥砂颗粒在低流速管段容易产生堆积阻塞,在高流速管段经常发生冲蚀磨损,目前国内外针对以液体为连续相流动的气液固多相流冲蚀研究较少。为此,以欧拉(Euler)气泡流模型与离散相模型(DPM)耦合的多相流数学模型为理论基础,对多相流中气液相间分布及管壁冲蚀磨损进行了数值模拟,开展了冲蚀磨损试验并提出耐磨防护方案。研究结果表明:可以从减弱弯管段湍流剪切作用、颗粒对弯管内壁的直接碰撞及减少动能传递进行防护设计;15°楔形垫层对应的最大冲蚀速率减幅74.55%,在1.0~2.2 m/s的流速范围内防护效果更明显;陶瓷涂垫层防护对冲蚀-腐蚀交互作用有明显的抑制效果。研究结论可为管道输送工程防护措施的制定提供技术参考。

涂层锆合金包壳管切向微动磨损数值预测模型研究

为建立涂层锆合金包壳微动磨损的有限元计算分析模型,预测切向工况下的最大磨损深度,基于包壳-格架的实际几何特征建立了涂层锆合金包壳-刚凸接触系统的有限元模型,采用Archard磨损模型计算磨损量,结合ABAQUS的ALE功能和UMESHMOTION子程序模拟磨损过程。根据微动磨损试验结果分析磨损系数随磨损周次的变化情况,并拟合其函数关系。有限元计算的最大磨损深度和最大深度的位置与试验结果相符,表明所建立的模型可用于涂层锆合金包壳切向微动磨损最大深度的预测。

燃油介质作动器往复密封摩擦热效应及磨损特性分析

发动机矢量推力作动器采用燃油作为传动介质,燃油的低黏度将使作动器密封接触面处于不良润滑条件,密封件摩擦磨损问题突出。针对燃油介质作动器不同压力、作动速度及油液温度的工作环境,建立往复密封热弹流混合润滑数值仿真模型,分析往复密封接触面摩擦热效应对油膜行为的影响,确定热分析边界条件,计算密封系统的瞬态温度分布。根据热分析结果,对油液黏度及密封区域内的油膜厚度进行修正,考虑密封件润滑条件探究摩擦热效应对密封性能与磨损特性的作用机理,分析不同工况条件对油膜厚度、摩擦力和磨损深度分布的影响,为设计高性能航空密封件奠定理论基础。

Modeling Notch Wear of Ceramic Tool in High Speed Machining of Nickel-based Superalloy

On the basis of theoretical analyses and calculations of high speed continuous impact force and tool notch surface temperature acted upon by burr and serrated chip edge, a notch wear model of low stress value and temperature impact fatigue was established. Saw-tooth-shaped burr and fin-shaped chip edge continuously impacts the rake face and flank face at high speed and high fre-quency, which results in a V-shaped notch wear. An experiment was done to validate that the saw-tooth-shaped burr does affect the notch wear. This model can be utilized to solve reasonably many problems that cannot be explained by any other theoretical assumptions.

基于动态磨损模型的汽车覆盖件模具磨损数值模拟研究

针对某铝合金覆盖件冲模磨损失效问题,为更加准确地预测汽车覆盖件模具的使用寿命,基于Archard磨损模型建立了动态磨损模型。该模型耦合了动态磨损系数和表面硬度变化曲线,其中,磨损系数K转化为随接触压力和相对滑移速度变化的动态磨损系数,表面硬度考虑了磨损深度的变化。利用Python语言对ABAQUS软件进行二次开发,将动态磨损模型耦合到有限元模拟中,实现了考虑磨损系数和硬化层深度变化的汽车覆盖件模具磨损计算。通过对比分析凸凹模典型位置在成形过程中的动态磨损演化规律,并以模具最大磨损深度0.5 mm作为失效判据,得到该铝合金覆盖件冲压模具的使用寿命为635428次。模具主要发生磨损的位置集中在模具合模线附近和大圆角处,在实际生产中需要对这些位置进行修模、调试,从而有效延长模具的使用寿命。

抛丸机叶片瞬时碰撞动力学行为及应用研究

船舶用钢的除锈处理是影响日常维护的关键工艺,而抛丸机叶片磨损断裂是影响除锈设备使用寿命的重要因素。本文叙述了抛丸机叶片磨损断裂形成机制、弹丸碰撞非线性动力行为及撞击侵蚀过程、叶片磨损特性等方面的研究进展,讨论了叶片旋转软化效应下的振动响应与结构特性,分析了叶片材料的晶体取向、元素含量与磨损的关系,根据磨损机理(如摩擦、微切削、疲劳裂纹等)研究了相对应的冲撞侵蚀量化模型,总结了仿真与试验等手段在不同弹丸参数对叶片侵蚀研究中的应用,对抛丸机叶片瞬时碰撞分析技术进行了展望。

基于轴箱垂向振动加速度的地铁车轮失圆状态诊断方法

首先,建立卷积神经网络、深度置信网络、支持向量机和以一维卷积神经网络全连接层特征为输入的支持向量机模型(1DCNN-SVM),对比上述模型在地铁车轮失圆状态分类识别上的效果;其次,利用代理模型构建轴箱垂向加速度均方根与车速和多边形磨耗幅值之间的映射关系;最后,通过智能优化算法逆向求解幅值,对比不同代理模型和智能优化算法在多边形磨耗幅值识别上的适用性。研究结果表明:1DCNN-SVM模型在正常、低阶多边形、高阶多边形、随机非圆车轮4类典型的车轮不圆度状态分类识别中取得99.82%的准确性,相比另外3种分类方法,其泛化性能和强化学习能力都具有明显的优势。在车轮多边形磨耗幅值识别方面,基于克里金模型(KSM)和粒子群算法(PSO)的波深识别模型具有更好的预测稳定性和时效性。

农业机械耕作部件磨损性能试验研究现状

农业机械耕作部件磨损性能影响整机的工作效率、作业质量,磨损严重时会造成巨大的经济损失。为评价不同材料、结构、土壤类型、工作参数等对耕作部件磨损性能的影响,研究一系列耕作部件磨损性能试验方法。综述田间试验、实验室试验和数值模拟等耕作部件磨损性能试验方法的国内外研究发展现状,重点阐述磨粒磨损试验、小型土壤环境磨损试验及土槽试验等实验室磨损性能试验的特点及发展趋势。田间试验结果准确,但受环境影响大,重现性差,而且能耗大、经济性不好;实验室试验能高效地筛选耕作部件材料,但在磨损数据的实时采集方面还有不足,且未与田间磨损试验建立关联;数值模拟方法可以有效地模拟部件与土壤之间的相互作用,有助于部件的结构和工作参数优化,但在多因素环境耦合及模拟精度等方面还有不足。对未来农机耕作部件磨损性能试验研究的发展方向提出加快农机耕作部件磨损性能数据库的建立、健全试验规范和评价标准、提高数值模拟精度等建议。