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Control Efficiency and Crop Safety of 20% Cyhalofop-butyl WP on Grass Weeds in Direct Seeded Rice Fields
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作者 余铮 袁桂平 +2 位作者 谭显胜 王义成 金晨钟 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2017年第3期537-539,542,共4页
The purpose was to define the control efficiency and safety of 20% cy- halofop-butyl WP on grass weeds in direct seeded rice fields, in order to provide the basis for chemical weeding. This study measured Leptochloa c... The purpose was to define the control efficiency and safety of 20% cy- halofop-butyl WP on grass weeds in direct seeded rice fields, in order to provide the basis for chemical weeding. This study measured Leptochloa chinensis(L.) Nees, Echinoch/oa crusgalli (L.) Beauv and other gramineous weed control efficiency with four concentrations of 20% cyhalofop-dutyl WP and 100 g/L cyhalofop-dutyl EC in direct seeded rice fields, and analyzed the yield-increasing effect and safety of rice. The results showed that 20% cyhalofop-butyl WP had a good control efficiency on grass weeds such as Leptochloa chinensis(L.) Nees, Echinoch/oa crusgalli(L.) Beauv and other grasses. The effective dosage of 90-150 g/hm2 was over 90.7% on Lep- foch/oa chinensis(L.) Nees and the comprehensive control effect of the grass weeds was above 86.7%, which was basically consistent with 100 g/L cyhalofop-dutyl EC. Furthermore, 20% cyhalofop-dutyl WP was high security for direct seeded rice fields. The yield of rice was increased by 10.18%-11.22% after spraying herbicide. There- fore, 20% of cyhalofop-dutyl WP can be used as a special herbicide for controlling Leptochloa chinensis(L.) Beauv in direct seeded rice fields, and has a good applica- tion prospect. 展开更多
关键词 CYHALOFOP-BUTYL Direct seeded rice field Weed control Grass weeds SAFETY
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Control Efficacy of Pyroxasulfone on Weeds in Corn Field 被引量:3
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作者 DUAN Gui-fang SUN Teng 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2022年第4期40-44,共5页
To explore the control efficacy of 85%pyroxasulfone water-dispersible granule(WG)on annual weeds in corn field as well as its safety,a randomized block design was used to conduct a field plot test of efficacy at four ... To explore the control efficacy of 85%pyroxasulfone water-dispersible granule(WG)on annual weeds in corn field as well as its safety,a randomized block design was used to conduct a field plot test of efficacy at four different test sites.After sowing before seedling,85%pyroxasulfone WG at the doses of 10,15,20,and 40 g/667 m^(2),and 55%acetochlor+atrazine suspension concentrate(SC,control agent)at the dose of 170 g/667 m^(2)in summer corn area and 260 g/667 m^(2)in spring corn area were applied,respectively.The test site without herbicide application was used as the blank control.The results revealed that after 40 d of application,the control efficacy of 85%pyroxasulfone WG reached 83.75%~98.23%on Gramineae weeds,55.22%~98.33%on broadleaf weeds,and 88.03%~98.46%on Cyperaceae weeds,but without toxicity to corns.Compared with 55%acetochlor+atrazine SC,85%pyroxasulfone WG at the dose of more than 10 g/667 m^(2)had higher control efficacy on Gramineae weeds,lower efficacy on broadleaf weeds and similar efficacy on Cyperaceae weeds.To sum up,spraying 85%pyroxasulfone WG at the dose of 15~20 g/667 m^(2)(an active component dose of 191.3~255.0 g/hm^(2))after sowing before seedling could effectively control some annual weeds in corn fields and had no toxicity to corns.The herbicide dose was greatly reduced,and thus 85%pyroxasulfone WG was recommended as an effective mean to control the main weeds in corn fields. 展开更多
关键词 85%Pyroxasulfone WG CORN Weed control efficacy
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Effect of wood chip application on root growth of oak seedling and weed control in northern Iran 被引量:1
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作者 Armin Mashayekhan Seyed Mohammad Hojjati 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2013年第3期607-610,共4页
It was hypothesized that wood chips can serve as a mulch to improve the growth of young trees by facilitating the development of their root systems, inhibiting weed germination, and suppressing weed growth. The presen... It was hypothesized that wood chips can serve as a mulch to improve the growth of young trees by facilitating the development of their root systems, inhibiting weed germination, and suppressing weed growth. The present study was carried out in Ghorogh Nursery, Golestan Northern Iran, in order to investigate the impact of wood chips applica- tion on root growth of oak (Quercus castaneifolia) seedlings and control of weed. A three centimeter wood chip layer was used on the soil surface as the mulch treatment with bare soil as the control. The number of new roots, the length of exciting roots and the density of weeds were meas- ured after 5 and 12 weeks. Results showed that wood chip application had significant positive effect on the length of excising roots after 5 and 12 weeks compared with control seedlings. Also, weeds were reduced to near zero levels in treated plot. Our findings suggested that wood chip layer on the soil surface in the nursery can conserve soil moisture and prevent nutrient leaching from the rooting zone as well as diminish weed growth which consequently lead to production of high quality seedling. 展开更多
关键词 MULCH root growth Quercus castaneifolia weed control Ghorogh Nursery Golestan Province Iran
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Suppression of weeds and weed seeds in the soil by stubbles and no-tillage in an arid maize-winter wheat-common vetch rotation on the Loess Plateau of China 被引量:1
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作者 YANG Mei ZHAO Yuxin +2 位作者 YANG Huimin SHEN Yuying ZHANG Xiaoyan 《Journal of Arid Land》 SCIE CSCD 2018年第5期809-820,共12页
Reduced tillage provides ecological and economic benefits to arable land on the Loess Plateau of China, where soil erosion has long been a serious problem and soil water availability is largely restricted. However, hi... Reduced tillage provides ecological and economic benefits to arable land on the Loess Plateau of China, where soil erosion has long been a serious problem and soil water availability is largely restricted. However, high abundances of weeds in reduced tillage systems cause significant yield losses. In this study, we explored the effects of no-tillage and stubble retention on the number and density of weeds and weed seeds in a 12-year maize-winter wheat-common vetch rotation on the Loess Plateau. Four treatments including conventional tillage, no-tillage, conventional tillage+stubble retention and no-tillage+stubble retention were designed and applied. We found that no-tillage increased the number of weed species and weed density in most of the crops, while stubble retention decreased weed density in maize and tended to suppress weeds in both no-tillage treatments(no-tillage and no-tillage+stubble retention). No-tillage led to an increase in the number of weed species in the weed seedbank and tended to increase seed density during the spring growth of winter wheat, but it decreased seed density during post-vetch fallow. Stubble retention tended to reduce seed density during the spring growth of winter wheat and post-vetch fallow. We concluded that no-tillage can promote weeds in the experimental crop rotation, while stubble retention suppresses weeds in untilled fields. The combined effects of stubble retention and no-tillage on weed suppression varied among the three crops. Based on these results, we recommend stubble retention in untilled legume-crop rotations on the Loess Plateau to improve the control of weeds. 展开更多
关键词 agricultural conservation practice crop rotation NO-TILLAGE rainfed soil soil seedbank stubble retention weed control
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The influence of stocking levels,clone,fertilization,and weed control on surface CO_(2)efflux in a mid-rotation Pinus radiata D.Don plantation in Canterbury,New Zealand
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作者 Mohan KC Euan G.Mason Horacio E.Bown 《Journal of Forestry Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2021年第6期2567-2575,共9页
Silvicultural practices applied in managed forest plantations may help counteract the effects of climate change by influencing soil surface CO_(2)efflux(Fs).Understanding the effects of silvicultural practices on Fs w... Silvicultural practices applied in managed forest plantations may help counteract the effects of climate change by influencing soil surface CO_(2)efflux(Fs).Understanding the effects of silvicultural practices on Fs will provide unbiased estimates of carbon fluxes and allow better silvicultural decisions for carbon sequestration.Therefore,we assessed how Fs differed seasonally across silvicultural practices(i.e.,stocking levels,clone,fertilization and weed control treatments)and evaluated the effects of soil temperature(Ts)and soil volumetric water content(θv)on Fs across these practices for a mid-rotation(14 year-old)Pinus radiata plantation in the Canterbury region of New Zealand.There were significant differences in Fs(p<0.05)over the four seasons,three levels of stocking,and five clones.The effects of fertilization and weed control applied 12 years previously on Fs were insignificant.Annual estimate of Fs(mean±1 standard deviation)from the study site was 22.7±7.1 t ha^(-1)a^(-1)in the form of CO_(2)(6.2±2.1 t ha^(-1)a^(-1)in the form of C).Fs values were consistently higher in plots with 1250 stems ha^(-1)compared to 2500 stems ha^(-1),which may be related to a strong soil resource limitation because of the close spacing in the latter plantation.Significant differences in Fs across clones suggest that variations in carbon partitioning might explain their growth performance.Silvicultural treatments influenced Fs response to soil temperature(p<0.05),resulting in models explaining 28-49%of the total variance in Fs.These findings provide insights into how silvicultural management decisions may impact Fs in mid-rotation radiata pine plantations,contributing towards developing more precise and unbiased plantation carbon budgets. 展开更多
关键词 CLONE Silvicultural practices Soil CO_(2)efflux STOCKING Weed control
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A Computer System for Forecasting the Threshold Period for Crop Weed Control
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作者 LI Jing-tao ZOU Ping +4 位作者 GU Lin FU Yang CUI Hua-wei ZHANG Xing-tao CAI Chang-shu 《Agricultural Sciences in China》 CAS CSCD 2008年第11期1394-1402,共9页
In this article, a model of a weed control threshold forecast system has been established, with related model solving, data checking, database setting up, and system engineering illustration. Moreover, it is tested by... In this article, a model of a weed control threshold forecast system has been established, with related model solving, data checking, database setting up, and system engineering illustration. Moreover, it is tested by a software with data from a sugar cane planting experimental field in Yunnan, China. The methodology behind the detailed system analysis, design, and engineering has been discussed. The issue of how to create a dynamic data-dependent forecast model of a threshold forecast system, whose threshold changes according to the change of planting environment has been solved. Hence an effective solution has been initiated for further development on an agricultural expert system. 展开更多
关键词 weed control THRESHOLD forecast system
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Effects of Methylated Soybean Oil Adjuvant on Fomesafen Efficacy to Weeds
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作者 Han Yu-jun Fu Jiu-cai +2 位作者 Wang Qian-yu Tao Bo Mao Zi-jun 《Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)》 CAS 2014年第3期17-22,共6页
Tank-mix adjuvant has the potential to improve the weed control efficacy of post-emergence herbicides. In order to study the synergistic effect of adjuvant, the effects of different rates of fomesafen alone or applied... Tank-mix adjuvant has the potential to improve the weed control efficacy of post-emergence herbicides. In order to study the synergistic effect of adjuvant, the effects of different rates of fomesafen alone or applied methylated soybean oil adjuvant(MSO) were sprayed on redroot pigweed, abutilon and black nightshade under greenhouse condition. The results showed that fomesafen had different performance on the three weeds, and MSO adjuvant could effectively increase the control. The nightshade control was lower than other two weeds with all the fomesafen doses from 131.25 to 506.25 ga.i. · hm-2 with or without adjuvant. The control of abutilon was between the black nightshade and the redroot pigweed, and had better control at 375 ga.i. · hm-2 with adjuvant or 506.25 ga.i. · hm-2 alone or with adjuvant respectively. The results indicated that mixing adjuvant with fomesafen improved the control on weeds, especially at the low rate. Black nightshade was more difficult to control. The redroot pigweed had the most susceptibility to fomesafen alone or with adjuvant. 展开更多
关键词 FOMESAFEN methylated soybean oil adjuvant(MSO) weed control synergistic effect
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Weed and insect control affected by mixing insecticides with glyphosate in cotton 被引量:1
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作者 MA Xiao-yan WU Han-wen +2 位作者 JIANG Wei-li MA Ya-jie MA Yan 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期373-380,共8页
Field studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate weed and insect control efficacy with glyphosate at 1 230 g ai(active ingredient) ha^(-1) and the insecticides acephate(728 g ai ha^(-1)),carbosulfan(... Field studies were conducted in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate weed and insect control efficacy with glyphosate at 1 230 g ai(active ingredient) ha^(-1) and the insecticides acephate(728 g ai ha^(-1)),carbosulfan(135 g ai ha^(-1)),endosulfan(683 g ai ha^(-1)),imidacloprid(32 g ai ha^(-1)),or lambda-cyhalothrin(23 g ai ha^(-1)),as well as glyphosate tank-mixed with these insecticides.Four of the most common weeds in cotton,common purslane,false daisy,goosegrass,and lambsquarters,were manually sown in the cotton field and treated with glyphosate alone or in combination with insecticides.Glyphosate efficacy,based on visual estimates of control and weed fresh weight at 21 d after treatment(DAT),was unaffected by the addition of insecticides.Four weeds were controlled by 93-97%and 86-100%(visual rating) and reduced weed fresh biomass by98-99%and 96-100%with glyphosate alone and its combination with insecticides,respectively.Addition of glyphosate to acephate improved cotton aphid control compared with acephate alone.However,addition of glyphosate to carbosulfan,endosulfan,imidacloprid,or lambda-cyhalothrin did not affect the aphid control when compared with the insecticide alone treatments.These results indicate that cotton producers could potentially integrate weed and insect management strategies by choosing suitable insecticide mixing partners with glyphosate,thereby reducing the application costs without sacrificing the efficacy of the glyphosate or the insecticides. 展开更多
关键词 aphid control efficacy glyphosate-resistant cotton herbicide-insecticide combinations weed
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Effects of Different Herbicides on Weed Control,Agronomic Characters and Grain Quality of Coix lacryma-jobi L.
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作者 Maohong AO Zhiqin SONG Xiaoyu YANG 《Plant Diseases and Pests》 CAS 2022年第5期21-24,共4页
[Objectives]The paper was to study the effects of different herbicides on weed control,agronomic characters and grain quality of Coix lacryma-jobi L.[Methods]Six commonly used herbicides were selected for the trial,in... [Objectives]The paper was to study the effects of different herbicides on weed control,agronomic characters and grain quality of Coix lacryma-jobi L.[Methods]Six commonly used herbicides were selected for the trial,including atrazine SC,butachlor SC,monosulfuron WP,MCPA-starane EC,clopyralid AS and tribenuron-methyl WP.[Results](i)Atrazine,butachlor and monosulfuron had no chemical injury to C.lacryma-jobi L.,while clopyralid caused slight chemical injury.(ii)The fresh weight control effects of atrazine,butachlor and monosulfuron on weeds increased first and then decreased.The initial control effect of MCPA-starane and clopyralid reached more than 90%;the control effect of monosulfuron increased gradually in the late stage,reaching 97%at 60 d post spraying,and the overall control effect was optimal.(iii)Compared with manual weeding,herbicides had no significant effect on plant height of C.lacryma-jobi L.However,compared with no weeding,other herbicides except tribenuron-methyl inhibited plant growth to a certain extent.Herbicides had different effects on main stem diameter,tiller number per plant and grain number per plant of C.lacryma-jobi L.(iv)Different herbicides had no significant effect on 100-grain weight,but had significant effect on yield.(v)Compared with manual weeding,atrazine,butachlor and clopyralid decreased the protein content of C.lacryma-jobi L.,and the use of atrazine,butachlor,monosulfuron,MCPA-starane and tribenuron-methyl decreased the fat content of C.lacryma-jobi L.;butachlor and MCPA-starane decreased the glycerol trioleate content of C.lacryma-jobi L.Compared with no weeding,chemical herbicides had no significant effect on the protein content,while atrazine decreased the fat content,and butachlor and MCPA-starane decreased the glycerol trioleate content of C.lacryma-jobi L.[Conclusions]The use of herbicides significantly increases crop yield compared with no weeding,but has an impact on agronomic characters and grain quality. 展开更多
关键词 HERBICIDE Coix lacryma-jobi L. Weed control Agronomic character Grain quality
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Study on Weed Control and Safety of Tembotrione-Atrazine Tank Mixture in Spring Maize Fields
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作者 SHAO Jia-li SUN Jin-jun DUAN Gui-fang 《Agricultural Science & Technology》 CAS 2022年第1期28-31,38,共5页
This study aimed to explore the effect of 5% tembotrione oil dispersion(OD)-38% atrazine suspension concentrate(SC) tank mixture on the weeds in spring maize fields and the safety of the mixture. To be specific, rando... This study aimed to explore the effect of 5% tembotrione oil dispersion(OD)-38% atrazine suspension concentrate(SC) tank mixture on the weeds in spring maize fields and the safety of the mixture. To be specific, randomized block design was adopted for the field experiments. The results showed that the application of tankmixture of 5% tembotrione OD at 90 g a.i./hm^(2)and 38% atrazine SC at 570 g a.i./hm^(2)and the mixture of 5% tembotrione OD at 90 g a.i./hm^(2)and 38% atrazine SC at 1140 g a.i./hm^(2)respectively controlled 94.7%~96.3% and 94.0%~96.3% of the grass weeds, 94.7%~96.0% and 93.7%~95.7% fresh weight of grass weeds, 95.3%~96.3%and 93.3%~97.3% of broadleaf weeds, and 94.7%~96.0% and 93.3%~96.3% fresh weight of broadleaf weeds. The efficacy was better than that of the 5% tembotrione alone and the control herbicide and no phytotoxicity of the mixtures was identified.The tank mixture of tembotrione and atrazine should be promoted in the spring maize field for weed control and the recommended dosages were 90 g a.i./hm^(2)for 5%tembotrione and 570 g a.i./hm^(2)for 38% atrazine. 展开更多
关键词 5%Tembotrione OD 38%Atrazine SC MAIZE Weed control Crop safety
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Effect of Halosulfuron Rate and Application Timing on Volunteer Azuki Bean Control in White Bean
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作者 Nader Soltani Lynette R. Brown Peter H. Sikkema 《Agricultural Sciences》 2020年第8期715-721,共7页
Three field experiments were carried out during 2017-2019 at the University of Guelph Huron Research Station near Exeter, Ontario, Canada to determine the effect of halosulfuron rate (25, 37.5 or 50 g<span style=&q... Three field experiments were carried out during 2017-2019 at the University of Guelph Huron Research Station near Exeter, Ontario, Canada to determine the effect of halosulfuron rate (25, 37.5 or 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>) and application timing (POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3) on volunteer azuki bean control in white bean. At POST 1, halosulfuron at 25, 37.5 and 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> controlled volunteer azuki bean 46% - 50% at 1 week after application (WAA), controlled decreased to 16% - 25% at 8 WAA. At POST 2, volunteer azuki bean controlled decreased from 34% - 39% at 1 WAA to 17% - 27% at 8 WAA. A similar trend was observed at POST 3. Halosulfuron applied POST 1 at 25, 37.5 and 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> reduced biomass 49%, 64% and 69%, respectively. Halosulfuron applied POST 2 did not reduce volunteer azuki bean biomass at 25 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>, but decreased biomass 51% at 37.5 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> and 49% at 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>. Similarly, halosulfuron applied POST 3 did not reduce volunteer azuki bean biomass at 25 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>, but decreased biomass 40% at 37.5 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> and 44% at 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup>. There was as much as 19%, 22% and 25% dockage with halosulfuron applied POST 1, POST 2 and POST 3, respectively. Volunteer azuki bean interference reduced white bean yield 40%. Reduced volunteer azuki bean interference with halosulfuron applied POST 1 at 37.5 or 50 g<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ai<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">&#8729;</span></span>ha<sup>-1</sup> resulted in an increase in white bean yield relative to the weedy control;however white yield was less than the weed-free control. This study concludes that halosulfuron at rates and application timings evaluated does not provide adequate control of volunteer azuki bean in white bean. 展开更多
关键词 Azuki Bean Biomass Aboveground Dry Weight Dockage Injury Weed control White Bean Phaseolus vulgaris Vigna angularis
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Allelopathic Potential of Orange Jessamine (Murraya paniculata L.) against Weeds
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作者 Udomporn Pangnakorn Thanatchasanha Poonpaiboonpipattana 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2013年第10期790-796,共7页
The use of allelopathic plants is an alternative technique for controlling weeds in sustainable crop production. This experiment evaluated the allelopathic potential of Murraya paniculata (L.) against four weeds viz... The use of allelopathic plants is an alternative technique for controlling weeds in sustainable crop production. This experiment evaluated the allelopathic potential of Murraya paniculata (L.) against four weeds viz., Bidens pilosa L., Amarathus spinosus L., Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv. and Chloris barbata Sw.. In laboratory test, aqueous extracts from M. paniculata leaves at concentrations of 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 g/L were tested on germination and seedling growth of the weeds. The extracts showed inhibitory effect, varying with weed species and extract concentration. Increase in concentrations increased the degree of inhibition. Concentration at 50 g/L and 100 g/L, completely inhibited seed germination of C. barbara and A. spinosus. Pot experiments were done in a glasshouse, with dry leaf powder as mulch on the soil surface at levels of 2, 4 and 8 t/ha. Dry leaf powder reduced the emergence and growth of all tested weeds, varying with dose and species. Chloris barbara is the most sensitive to M paniculata leaf mulch while E. crus-galli is the most resistant. These results suggest that M. paniculata had the potential lbr weed control and might be the source of a natural herbicide. 展开更多
关键词 ALLELOPATHY Murraya paniculata (L.) aqueous extracts soil mulching weed control.
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Effect of Weed Control on Establishment and Herbage Production in Dwarf Napiergrass
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作者 Renny Fatmyah Utamy Yasuyuki Ishii +2 位作者 Kouji Iwamura Sachiko Idota 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2014年第1期46-50,共5页
Weed control is a crucial factor for maintaining establishment and herbage production in dwarf variety of late-heading type (DL) napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) in southern Kyushu, Japan. This study wa... Weed control is a crucial factor for maintaining establishment and herbage production in dwarf variety of late-heading type (DL) napiergrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schumach) in southern Kyushu, Japan. This study was aimed to verify the weeding-effect on dry matter (DM) production in the farm level and to examine the effect of several weed control, i.e. mixed sowing of annual setaria (abbreviated as S), which has no regrowth ability after stem-elongation, paper-mulching (as P) and hand-weeding (as +W), compared with no-weeding (as -W) on DM yield and quality of DL napiergrass in two years. Weed control practices significantly (P 〈 0.05) promoted several plant growth attributes in DL napiergrass, compared with no-weeding both in the farm and experimental levels. Paper-mulchidng (P-W or P+S-W) had highest yields among several practices in both years. Setaria-sowing ha a partially mitigating effect of weed damage on DM production of DL napiergrass, while additive DM gain from setaria could compensate the yield decrease in DL napiergrass and reduce herbicide cost. Neither digestibility nor crude protein was affected by any weed control in either year. Thus, paper-mulching and annual setaria-sowing could be effective alternative practices for weed control of this species. 展开更多
关键词 Annual setaria dwarf napiergrass herbage yield paper mulch weed control.
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Agroecological Influence on Rice Field Weeds in Anosibe Ifanja Commune(Middle West Madagascar)
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作者 Razanamirindra Verohanitra Bakoalijaona Voaharitiana Fitahiantsoa +4 位作者 Le Bourgeois Thomas Andrianaivo Alain Paul Ramamonjisoa Bruno Randriamboavonjy Jean Chrysostôme Rafalimanana Halitiana 《Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)》 2020年第2期65-77,共13页
Weeds, which cause loss of more than half of production, constitute one of obstacles to development of agriculturalproduction in Madagascar. This study aimed to characterize weed flora and to analyze constraint of wee... Weeds, which cause loss of more than half of production, constitute one of obstacles to development of agriculturalproduction in Madagascar. This study aimed to characterize weed flora and to analyze constraint of weeding irrigated rice with aview to improve control strategy. A phytoecological study of weeds was carried out during 2018-2019 season, on 125 rice plots withan average area of 500 m², in Anosibe Ifanja, Middle-West region of Madagascar (18°52′ S and 46°50′ E). Surveys on croppingpractices and observations on rice field ecology and the importance of weed cover level were carried out in order to establishrelationship between factors affecting diversity, distribution and level of weed infestation in rice field. As a result, 47 weed speciesgrouped into about 20 families were identified. Weed cover quantification in each plot, permits to distinguish three major importancespecies, including Junglerice - Echinochloa colona (Poaceae), Tail - Leersia hexandra (Oryzoideae), saramollagrass - Ischaemumrugosum (Poaceae) and hemp sesbania - Sesbania rostrata (Fabaceae). Analysis of agro-ecological factors showed that all productiontechniques and growing conditions have a role to play in variability of plant cover level. Thus, the main production factors thatvegetation cover reduce state are ploughing to a depth of 30 cm, practice of ploughing off-season/in-season and good water control.Ecological factors, especially soil type, soil structure and topography, minimize weed cover in rice fields. 展开更多
关键词 Weed control floristic inventory submerged rice Madagascar
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A Potential Weed Control Using Robotic Implement
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作者 Kwang Ho Park Soo Hyun Kim +4 位作者 Young Kuk Kim Han Jong Joo Yoon Shik Hong Jee Hyong Kim Keun Mo Koo 《Journal of Life Sciences》 2014年第5期473-480,共8页
The research was conducted to develop a robot that can navigate a paddy in between rows or hills which were transplanted by the machine transplanter with equal distance. An initial prototype robotic battery-type weede... The research was conducted to develop a robot that can navigate a paddy in between rows or hills which were transplanted by the machine transplanter with equal distance. An initial prototype robotic battery-type weeder was manufactured and tested to navigate and control weeds in rice paddy fields, but a speed was so slow, and thus second engine-type prototype was developed. A working acreage for weed control has been attained at and up to 0.8 ha/day. Small and young weed seedlings were uprooted and destroyed by passive devices in between rows as well as hills. This robot was smoothly navigated in between rows on behalf of the guidance under camera and sensor systems and control weeds with mechanical by the use of implements such as passive rotary weeders and then weeds would be cut and buried into the soils. Also muddy water was generated during operation which was none penetrated by light for weed germination to occur. The authors concluded that the robotic was an effective alternative implement to control weeds in lowland rice paddy as long as this tool was systematically introduced into the rice fields at three time intervals, viz. 15-20 days, 25-30days, and 35-40 days after transplanting of rice seedlings. 展开更多
关键词 RICE TRANSPLANTING weed control robotic weeder.
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Early Postemergence Herbicide Tank-Mixtures for Control of Waterhemp Resistant to Four Herbicide Modes of Action in Corn
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作者 Christian Willemse Nader Soltani +4 位作者 Lauren Benoit Amit J. Jhala David C. Hooker Darren E. Robinson Peter H. Sikkema 《Agricultural Sciences》 2021年第4期354-369,共16页
Multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp has been confirmed and is difficult to control for growers in Ontario, Canada and in the Midwestern United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate early post-em... Multiple-herbicide-resistant (MHR) waterhemp has been confirmed and is difficult to control for growers in Ontario, Canada and in the Midwestern United States. The objective of this study was to evaluate early post-emergence (EPOST) herbicides for control of MHR waterhemp in field corn. Five field trials were conducted over a two-year period (2019, 2020) at sites on Walpole Island, ON and near Cottam, ON, Canada. Thirteen herbicide tank-mixtures containing multiple modes-of-action (MOA) were applied EPOST to 5 cm MHR waterhemp in field corn. Control of MHR waterhemp varied by site due to variable plant density, plant biomass, and number of herbicide-resistant individuals across research sites and years. Control of MHR waterhemp ranged from 90% to 100% with glyphosate + S-metolachlor/mesotrione/ bicyclopyrone/atrazine, glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate + S-metolachlor/atrazine/mesotrione, glyphosate + mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate/S-metolachlor/mesotrione + atrazine, glyphosate + S-metolachlor/mesotrione/bicyclopyrone, glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione, and glyphosate + pyroxasulfone + dicamba/atrazine at 4, 8, and 12 WAA. Control of MHR waterhemp ranged from 70% to 100% with glyphosate + topramezone/dimethenamid-P + dicamba/atrazine, glyphosate + isoxaflutole + atrazine, and glyphosate + tolpyralate + atrazine at 4, 8, and 12 WAA. Control of MHR waterhemp was similar for all herbicide programs, except glyphosate + dicamba/atrazine and glyphosate + S-metolachlor/atrazine which resulted in the lowest control at three of five sites that ranged from 63% to 89% and 61% to 76%, respectively. Crop injury was ≤10% for herbicide programs tested, except 28% to 31% corn injury with glyphosate/2,4-D choline + rimsulfuron + mesotrione + atrazine;however, without effect on corn grain yield. Corn yield was comparable with all herbicide programs evaluated in this study. It is concluded that there are herbicide programs that provide control of emerged and full-season residual control of MHR waterhemp in field corn. 展开更多
关键词 Density Biomass Residual Weed control Weed Management
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Weed Control Strips Influences on the Rubber Tree Growth
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作者 Caio Doria Guzzo Leonardo Bde Carvalho +2 位作者 Pedro Luis da CAAlves Elaine Cristine Piffer Goncalves Paulo FGiancotti 《American Journal of Plant Sciences》 2014年第8期1059-1068,共10页
Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) is the most widely cultivated tree species for producing natural rubber latex whose productivity can be reduced by weeds. Field experiment was carried out during two years to evaluate ... Hevea brasiliensis (rubber tree) is the most widely cultivated tree species for producing natural rubber latex whose productivity can be reduced by weeds. Field experiment was carried out during two years to evaluate the growth of rubber tree plants submitted to different weed control strips (0-weed-free, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350, and 400-(weedy cm) and to determine the critical width of weed control strip during the establishment of rubber tree plantation. Weed community was composed mainly by Urochloa decumbens (90%). The width of the weed control strip influenced on the initial plant growth of rubber trees, reducing the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, and aboveground dry mass accumulation. In consequence, crop plantation was affected by the width of weed control. The critical width of the weed control strip for establishment of a rubber tree plantation was within 100 cm. 展开更多
关键词 Hevea brasiliensis Urochloa decumbens Weed control Weed Interference
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Synergistic Effect of Nonionic Surfacants(Nonethoxylated Sorbitan Esters)on Herbicides in Paddy Fields
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作者 Tao Bo Zhang Qi +1 位作者 Han Yu-jun Guo Jing 《Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition)》 2023年第4期20-31,共12页
An uneven herbicide distribution can lead to reduced efficacy,and the release of herbicide residues and their transformation products into the environment through runoff increases their potential use risk.Understandin... An uneven herbicide distribution can lead to reduced efficacy,and the release of herbicide residues and their transformation products into the environment through runoff increases their potential use risk.Understanding the water distribution dynamics of commonly used paddy field herbicides,for example,oxadiazon,is imperative for the long-term management of weeds in paddy fields.To clarify the diffusion and sedimentation ability of oxadiazon with the addition of a nonionic surfactant—diffusion and settling agent(DSA)for subsequent commercial use in paddy field water layers,the synergistic mechanisms of DSA with butachlor and bensulfuron-methyl in paddy fields were studied.Bioassays,instrumental analysis and field experiments were conducted in this research to provide a relevant basis for improving the efficacy of paddy field herbicides.The field experiment results indicated that DSA could increase the plant and fresh weight control effects of oxadiazon(450 g a.i.·hm^(-2)),butachlor and bensulfuron-methyl to different degrees.These findings demonstrated that DSA could not only effectively improve oxadiazon diffusion and settling in water layers and significantly increase the control effects of butachlor and bensulfuron-methyl,but also promote crop growth and development to different degrees. 展开更多
关键词 green agriculture weed control synergy mechanism RICE
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Integrated application of synthetic community reduces consumption of herbicide in field Phalaris minor control
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作者 Amina Hadayat Zahir Ahmad Zahir +1 位作者 Peng Cai Chun-Hui Gao 《Soil Ecology Letters》 CSCD 2024年第2期125-136,共12页
Herbicide-based weeds control impacts wheat crops as well.SynComs of Pseudomonas strains reduce the need for high-dose herbicides.100%Axial provides less weed control compared to 75%Axial with C4 SynCom.Axial 75%with ... Herbicide-based weeds control impacts wheat crops as well.SynComs of Pseudomonas strains reduce the need for high-dose herbicides.100%Axial provides less weed control compared to 75%Axial with C4 SynCom.Axial 75%with C4 SynCom promotes wheat growth than the 75%Axial alone. 展开更多
关键词 weed control synthetic microbial communities Phalaris minor wheat growth promotion synergistic effect
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Effects of Tinospora tuberculata leaf methanol extract on seedling growth of rice and associated weed species in hydroponic culture 被引量:1
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作者 Farzad Aslani Abdul Shukor Juraimi +4 位作者 Muhammad Saiful Ahmad-Hamdani Farahnaz Sadat Golestan Hashemi Md Amirul Alam Md Abdul Hakim Md Kamal Uddin 《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第7期1521-1531,共11页
The study was conducted to evaluate the responses of rice and rice weed seedlings (barnyardgrass and weedy rice) at the three-leaf stage toTinospora tuberculata leaf methanol extract (3.12, 6.25 and 12.5 g L–1) u... The study was conducted to evaluate the responses of rice and rice weed seedlings (barnyardgrass and weedy rice) at the three-leaf stage toTinospora tuberculata leaf methanol extract (3.12, 6.25 and 12.5 g L–1) under hydroponic culture. It shows that the leaf methanol extract had various degrees effects depending on target plant species and each tested index (biomass, root length, shoot length, transpiration volume, chlorophyla, chlorophylb and carotenoid contents). The effec-tive concentration of the leaf extract capable of reducing 50% of rice growth was higher than those of target weed species. Moreover, the root length was more tolerant to leaf methanol extract in comparison to the other plant parameters measured. A greater reduction was observed in chlorophyla content compared to chlorophylb and carotenoid. The results revealed that the reduction of transpiration volume closely coincided with the magnitude of growth inhibition of tested plants. Ultra-fast liquid chromatography analysis revealed 11 of 32 peaks in chemical proifle, including benzoic acid, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, isoorientin, isovitexin, orientin,p-anisic acid, syringic acid,trans-cinnamic acid,trans-ferulic acid, and vitexin have the same retention time with those peaks of the extract. The amount of compounds was present in the range of between 4817 and 115.5 mg kg–1 dry weight (DW). The concentration-response bioassay of al 11 individual compounds and their equimolar mixture against the seeds of barnyardgrass revealed their contribution in the alelopahic activity ofT. tuberculata leaf extract. The examined compounds and their combination exhibited various degrees of growth inhibitory effects on the early growth of barnyardgrass. Therefore, the speciifc number, concentration, combination and inhibitory activity of bioactive compounds leads to alelopathy activity ofT. tuberculata leaves which could be employable directly as a natural herbicide and its growth inhibitor compounds can be used as a template for producing new herbicides. 展开更多
关键词 alelochemicals identiifcation and quantiifcation natural herbicide UFLC weed control
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