The multiple patterns of internal solitary wave interactions(ISWI)are a complex oceanic phenomenon.Satellite remote sensing techniques indirectly detect these ISWI,but do not provide information on their detailed stru...The multiple patterns of internal solitary wave interactions(ISWI)are a complex oceanic phenomenon.Satellite remote sensing techniques indirectly detect these ISWI,but do not provide information on their detailed structure and dynamics.Recently,the authors considered a three-layer fluid with shear flow and developed a(2+1)Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(KP)model that is capable of describing five types of oceanic ISWI,including O-type,P-type,TO-type,TP-type,and Y-shaped.Deep learning models,particularly physics-informed neural networks(PINN),are widely used in the field of fluids and internal solitary waves.However,the authors find that the amplitude of internal solitary waves is much smaller than the wavelength and the ISWI occur at relatively large spatial scales,and these characteristics lead to an imbalance in the loss function of the PINN model.To solve this problem,the authors introduce two weighted loss function methods,the fixed weighing and the adaptive weighting methods,to improve the PINN model.This successfully simulated the detailed structure and dynamics of ISWI,with simulation results corresponding to the satellite images.In particular,the adaptive weighting method can automatically update the weights of different terms in the loss function and outperforms the fixed weighting method in terms of generalization ability.展开更多
Baking meat by wrapping them in Aluminum (Al) foil is common in many countries. The excessive use of Al foil in baking and the disagreement about using Al foils were the motivation to do this study especially after th...Baking meat by wrapping them in Aluminum (Al) foil is common in many countries. The excessive use of Al foil in baking and the disagreement about using Al foils were the motivation to do this study especially after the 2007 WHO/FDA Report. In this investigation, a gravimetric and a UV-Vis spectrophotometric method are used to estimate Aluminum (Al) leaching into meat baked by wrapping in Al foil. Three kinds of meat were used fish, cow stakes and chicken. The importance of Al exposure area was neglected by many studies. Five factors affecting Al leaching into meat are studied (baking temperature, baking time, additives, Al exposure area and weight of meat). The effect of cooking times (20, 40, 60 minutes) at 180℃ and cooking temperatures (160℃, 180℃, 200℃) at 60 minutes on the amount of Al leaching were evaluated. It was found that Al leaching into meat increased with increasing temperature, baking time, additives and Al exposure area. Moreover, Al exposure area was more effective than the weight of the meat. The Al leaching was highest in fish and lowest in chicken. Comparing the present results with the Provisional Tolerance Weekly Intake of Al approved by WHO/FDA, it shows that Al leaching into meat baked by wrapping in Al foil may add considerable doses into the diet. Continuous monitoring of Al foil used for baking meat is recommended.展开更多
目的观察不同减重方式对2型糖尿病肥胖患者内脏脂肪含量、血糖控制及分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(secretory curl related protein 5,SFRP5)、脂联素(adiponectin,APN)、瘦素(leptin,LP)的调节作用,以期寻找一种更适合于糖尿病合并肥胖人群的...目的观察不同减重方式对2型糖尿病肥胖患者内脏脂肪含量、血糖控制及分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(secretory curl related protein 5,SFRP5)、脂联素(adiponectin,APN)、瘦素(leptin,LP)的调节作用,以期寻找一种更适合于糖尿病合并肥胖人群的减重、降糖模式。方法选取2018-06/2020-12月作者医院2型糖尿病肥胖患者195例,以随机数字表法分为试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组、对照组,每组各39例。试验A组给予限制热量平衡饮食,试验B组给予正常热量饮食联合口服二甲双胍、试验C组给予正常热量饮食联合口服奥利司他、试验D组给予正常热量饮食联合利拉鲁肽,对照组给予正常热量饮食,均治疗3个月。比较5组治疗前、治疗3个月后体质量、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围、内脏脂肪含量、糖化血红蛋白(haemoglobin A1c,HbA1c)、空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(postprandial 2-hour blood glucose,2hPG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)、稳态模型胰岛β细胞功能指数(homeostatic model assessment ofβ-cell function,HOMA-β)、SFRP5、APN、LP水平。结果治疗3个月后,(1)患者体质量、BMI、腰围、内脏脂肪含量组间比较,试验C组<试验D组<试验B组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05);(2)HbA1c、FPG、2hPG水平组间比较,试验B组和试验D组<试验C组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05);(3)LDL-C、TC、TG水平组间比较,试验C组<试验D组<试验B组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05),HDL-C水平的组间比较,试验C组>试验D组>试验B组>试验A组>对照组(P<0.05);(4)HOMA-IR、HOMA-β水平组间比较,试验B组和试验D组<试验C组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05);(5)血清SFRP5水平组间比较,试验D组>试验C组>试验B组>试验A组>对照组(P<0.05),APN水平组间比较,试验C组>试验D组>试验B组>试验A组>对照组(P<0.05),LP水平组间比较,试验C组<试验D组<试验B组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病肥胖患者采用二甲双胍、利拉鲁肽治疗降糖、调节胰岛素敏感性作用显著,采用奥利司他治疗减重、降脂效果显著,还可调节SFRP5、APN、LP表达水平,减轻LP抵抗状态,加速脂肪分解及糖代谢。展开更多
现有的电压暂降严重程度评估方法大多仅考虑暂降幅值和持续时间等技术指标,较少涉及对经济指标的研究,导致评估结果无法体现不同敏感用户对于电压暂降治理的差异化需求。针对此问题,提出一种计及经济损失指标的敏感用户电压暂降严重程...现有的电压暂降严重程度评估方法大多仅考虑暂降幅值和持续时间等技术指标,较少涉及对经济指标的研究,导致评估结果无法体现不同敏感用户对于电压暂降治理的差异化需求。针对此问题,提出一种计及经济损失指标的敏感用户电压暂降严重程度评估方法。在电压暂降幅值和持续时间两个指标的基础上,引入电压暂降经济损失指标,建立电压暂降严重程度评估指标体系。基于层次分析法与熵权法的组合赋权法计算各指标权重,进而结合TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)法和灰色评价法得到各用户电压暂降严重程度评价排序。仿真结果表明,通过所提方法得到的评估结果能凸显不同敏感用户的差异化需求,从而为确定电压暂降治理的先后顺序及具体措施提供更科学的参考。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.12275085,12235007,and 12175069Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality under Grant Nos.21JC1402500 and 22DZ2229014.
文摘The multiple patterns of internal solitary wave interactions(ISWI)are a complex oceanic phenomenon.Satellite remote sensing techniques indirectly detect these ISWI,but do not provide information on their detailed structure and dynamics.Recently,the authors considered a three-layer fluid with shear flow and developed a(2+1)Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(KP)model that is capable of describing five types of oceanic ISWI,including O-type,P-type,TO-type,TP-type,and Y-shaped.Deep learning models,particularly physics-informed neural networks(PINN),are widely used in the field of fluids and internal solitary waves.However,the authors find that the amplitude of internal solitary waves is much smaller than the wavelength and the ISWI occur at relatively large spatial scales,and these characteristics lead to an imbalance in the loss function of the PINN model.To solve this problem,the authors introduce two weighted loss function methods,the fixed weighing and the adaptive weighting methods,to improve the PINN model.This successfully simulated the detailed structure and dynamics of ISWI,with simulation results corresponding to the satellite images.In particular,the adaptive weighting method can automatically update the weights of different terms in the loss function and outperforms the fixed weighting method in terms of generalization ability.
文摘Baking meat by wrapping them in Aluminum (Al) foil is common in many countries. The excessive use of Al foil in baking and the disagreement about using Al foils were the motivation to do this study especially after the 2007 WHO/FDA Report. In this investigation, a gravimetric and a UV-Vis spectrophotometric method are used to estimate Aluminum (Al) leaching into meat baked by wrapping in Al foil. Three kinds of meat were used fish, cow stakes and chicken. The importance of Al exposure area was neglected by many studies. Five factors affecting Al leaching into meat are studied (baking temperature, baking time, additives, Al exposure area and weight of meat). The effect of cooking times (20, 40, 60 minutes) at 180℃ and cooking temperatures (160℃, 180℃, 200℃) at 60 minutes on the amount of Al leaching were evaluated. It was found that Al leaching into meat increased with increasing temperature, baking time, additives and Al exposure area. Moreover, Al exposure area was more effective than the weight of the meat. The Al leaching was highest in fish and lowest in chicken. Comparing the present results with the Provisional Tolerance Weekly Intake of Al approved by WHO/FDA, it shows that Al leaching into meat baked by wrapping in Al foil may add considerable doses into the diet. Continuous monitoring of Al foil used for baking meat is recommended.
文摘目的观察不同减重方式对2型糖尿病肥胖患者内脏脂肪含量、血糖控制及分泌型卷曲相关蛋白5(secretory curl related protein 5,SFRP5)、脂联素(adiponectin,APN)、瘦素(leptin,LP)的调节作用,以期寻找一种更适合于糖尿病合并肥胖人群的减重、降糖模式。方法选取2018-06/2020-12月作者医院2型糖尿病肥胖患者195例,以随机数字表法分为试验A组、试验B组、试验C组、试验D组、对照组,每组各39例。试验A组给予限制热量平衡饮食,试验B组给予正常热量饮食联合口服二甲双胍、试验C组给予正常热量饮食联合口服奥利司他、试验D组给予正常热量饮食联合利拉鲁肽,对照组给予正常热量饮食,均治疗3个月。比较5组治疗前、治疗3个月后体质量、体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、腰围、内脏脂肪含量、糖化血红蛋白(haemoglobin A1c,HbA1c)、空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(postprandial 2-hour blood glucose,2hPG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、稳态模型胰岛素抵抗指数(homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance,HOMA-IR)、稳态模型胰岛β细胞功能指数(homeostatic model assessment ofβ-cell function,HOMA-β)、SFRP5、APN、LP水平。结果治疗3个月后,(1)患者体质量、BMI、腰围、内脏脂肪含量组间比较,试验C组<试验D组<试验B组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05);(2)HbA1c、FPG、2hPG水平组间比较,试验B组和试验D组<试验C组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05);(3)LDL-C、TC、TG水平组间比较,试验C组<试验D组<试验B组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05),HDL-C水平的组间比较,试验C组>试验D组>试验B组>试验A组>对照组(P<0.05);(4)HOMA-IR、HOMA-β水平组间比较,试验B组和试验D组<试验C组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05);(5)血清SFRP5水平组间比较,试验D组>试验C组>试验B组>试验A组>对照组(P<0.05),APN水平组间比较,试验C组>试验D组>试验B组>试验A组>对照组(P<0.05),LP水平组间比较,试验C组<试验D组<试验B组<试验A组<对照组(P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病肥胖患者采用二甲双胍、利拉鲁肽治疗降糖、调节胰岛素敏感性作用显著,采用奥利司他治疗减重、降脂效果显著,还可调节SFRP5、APN、LP表达水平,减轻LP抵抗状态,加速脂肪分解及糖代谢。
文摘现有的电压暂降严重程度评估方法大多仅考虑暂降幅值和持续时间等技术指标,较少涉及对经济指标的研究,导致评估结果无法体现不同敏感用户对于电压暂降治理的差异化需求。针对此问题,提出一种计及经济损失指标的敏感用户电压暂降严重程度评估方法。在电压暂降幅值和持续时间两个指标的基础上,引入电压暂降经济损失指标,建立电压暂降严重程度评估指标体系。基于层次分析法与熵权法的组合赋权法计算各指标权重,进而结合TOPSIS(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)法和灰色评价法得到各用户电压暂降严重程度评价排序。仿真结果表明,通过所提方法得到的评估结果能凸显不同敏感用户的差异化需求,从而为确定电压暂降治理的先后顺序及具体措施提供更科学的参考。
