Objective] The aim of this study was to simultaneously isolate and identify the main pathogenic fungi of the root rot, black spot and round spot from the Panax notoginseng plants cultivated in Wenshan Eparchy of Yunna...Objective] The aim of this study was to simultaneously isolate and identify the main pathogenic fungi of the root rot, black spot and round spot from the Panax notoginseng plants cultivated in Wenshan Eparchy of Yunnan Province of China. [Method] The pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified by using potato dextrose agar （PDA） medium. The morphological identification was accomplished first according to the colony forms of the fungi when cultivated in vitro, then accord-ing to the symptom characteristics and colony forms of the re-isolated fungi in the reverse inoculation experiments. The molecular identification was performed accord-ing to the amplification and alignment of the internal transcribed space （ITS） se-quences of the fungi. The increases of the diameters and thickness of the colonies of the fungi cultivated in vitro were employed to indicate the growth rates of the fungi. [Results] The consistency of the colony forms and symptom characteristics and the 96%-99% similarities revealed in the ITS sequence alignments al proved that the main pathogenic fungi of the root rot, black spot and round spot of the P. notoginseng plants raised in Wenshan were Cylindrocarpon didymium, Alternaria panax and Mycocentrospora acerina, respectively. When cultivated in vitro in the same temperature, humidity and il umination, the increases of the colony diameters and thickness of C. didymium were the highest, fol owed by those of A. panax, then those of M. acerina. During different cultivation periods, the differences of the colony diameters and thickness of the three fungi al reached extremely significant level. However, at the same cultivation time, the differences of the diameters and thickness among the three fungi only reached significant level. [Conclusion] The main pathogenic fungi which result in the root rot, black spot and round spot of the P. notoginseng in Wenshan are C. didymium, A. panax and M. acerina, respec-tively. When these three diseases break out at the same time, the root rot wil spread fastest, fol owed orderly by the black spot and the round spot.展开更多
目的探讨云南文山三七须根急性毒性和诱变毒性作用。方法急性毒性采用一次限量法,剂量设为100001^/1^8〜,》^实验使用的菌株为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组氨酸缺陷型菌株TA97、TA98、TA100、TA丨02。实验分别设每皿5000、1000、200、40、8 n g剂量...目的探讨云南文山三七须根急性毒性和诱变毒性作用。方法急性毒性采用一次限量法,剂量设为100001^/1^8〜,》^实验使用的菌株为鼠伤寒沙门氏菌组氨酸缺陷型菌株TA97、TA98、TA100、TA丨02。实验分别设每皿5000、1000、200、40、8 n g剂量组,同时设阴性、阳性对照组,采用平板掺人法,观察每皿回变菌落数。微核及精子畸形试验均使用SPF级昆明种小鼠,实验设1250、2500、5000 mg/kgBW 3个剂量组、-个阴性对照组及一个阳性对照组。微核试验采用30 h给受试物法,检测骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核率。精子畸形试验于首次染毒后第35 d处死动物,观察精子畸形率。结果云南文山三七须根对受试动物的急性毒性(LD5e)>10000 mg/kg BW,与阴性对照组比较,云南文山三七须根各剂量组在鼠伤寒沙门氏菌试验(Ames试验)中实验结果为阴性,骨髓细胞微核试验表明未引起微核发生率增加,对小鼠精子畸变无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论云南文山三七须根对昆明种小鼠的急性经口毒性属实际无毒,在A m es实验中未呈现致突变作用,未见诱导小鼠骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核形成的能力,未见有致小鼠精子畸形作用。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31060045,31260091,31460065)~~
文摘Objective] The aim of this study was to simultaneously isolate and identify the main pathogenic fungi of the root rot, black spot and round spot from the Panax notoginseng plants cultivated in Wenshan Eparchy of Yunnan Province of China. [Method] The pathogenic fungi were isolated and purified by using potato dextrose agar （PDA） medium. The morphological identification was accomplished first according to the colony forms of the fungi when cultivated in vitro, then accord-ing to the symptom characteristics and colony forms of the re-isolated fungi in the reverse inoculation experiments. The molecular identification was performed accord-ing to the amplification and alignment of the internal transcribed space （ITS） se-quences of the fungi. The increases of the diameters and thickness of the colonies of the fungi cultivated in vitro were employed to indicate the growth rates of the fungi. [Results] The consistency of the colony forms and symptom characteristics and the 96%-99% similarities revealed in the ITS sequence alignments al proved that the main pathogenic fungi of the root rot, black spot and round spot of the P. notoginseng plants raised in Wenshan were Cylindrocarpon didymium, Alternaria panax and Mycocentrospora acerina, respectively. When cultivated in vitro in the same temperature, humidity and il umination, the increases of the colony diameters and thickness of C. didymium were the highest, fol owed by those of A. panax, then those of M. acerina. During different cultivation periods, the differences of the colony diameters and thickness of the three fungi al reached extremely significant level. However, at the same cultivation time, the differences of the diameters and thickness among the three fungi only reached significant level. [Conclusion] The main pathogenic fungi which result in the root rot, black spot and round spot of the P. notoginseng in Wenshan are C. didymium, A. panax and M. acerina, respec-tively. When these three diseases break out at the same time, the root rot wil spread fastest, fol owed orderly by the black spot and the round spot.
