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China-India Relationship and Buddhism—From the perspective of the discursive practice of the White Horse Temple
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作者 易妹 《海外英语》 2016年第18期227-228,共2页
India and China, even though close in distance, but distant in relationship. Recently, the world has witnessed the improvement of the bilateral relations between the two big nations. The White Horse Temple, as a site ... India and China, even though close in distance, but distant in relationship. Recently, the world has witnessed the improvement of the bilateral relations between the two big nations. The White Horse Temple, as a site constructed by discourses has transformed from‘the first government-funded temple in China'to one of the symbols of China-India friendship in the cultural exchange between the two nations. Critical discourse analysis(CDA) is an interdisciplinary approach to the study of discourse that views language as a form of social practice and focuses on the ways social and political domination are reproduced in text and talk. This paper, starts from the perspective of critical discourse analysis, is exploratory in that it aims to see how the discursive practice of the White Horse Temple constitutes the discourse of China-India relationship and is constituted by the power relationship between the two nations. 展开更多
关键词 The white horse Temple CDa discursive practice power China-India relationship
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High Altitude Adaptation and Phylogenetic Analysis of Tibetan Horse Based on the Mitochondrial Genome 被引量:9
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作者 徐树青 洛桑江白 +7 位作者 华桑 何健 阿叁次仁 王威 童晓梅 梁羽 汪建 郑晓光 《Journal of Genetics and Genomics》 SCIE CAS CSCD 北大核心 2007年第8期720-729,共10页
To investigate genetic mechanisms of high altitude adaptations of animals living in the Tibetan Plateau, three mitochondrial genomes (mt-genome) of Tibetan horses living in Naqu (4,500 m) of Tibetan, Zhongdian (3... To investigate genetic mechanisms of high altitude adaptations of animals living in the Tibetan Plateau, three mitochondrial genomes (mt-genome) of Tibetan horses living in Naqu (4,500 m) of Tibetan, Zhongdian (3,300 m) and Deqin (3,100 m) of Yunnan province were sequenced. The structures and lengths of these three mt-genomes are similar to the Cheju horse, which is related to Tibetan horses, but little shorter than the Swedish horse. The pair-wise identity of these three horses on nucleotide level is more than 99.3%. When the gene encoding the mitochondrial protein of Tibetan horses was analyzed, we found that NADH6 has higher non-synonymous mutation rate in all of three Tibetan horses. This implies that NADH6 may play a role in Tibetan horses' high altitude adaptation. NADH6 is one of the subunits of the complex I in the respiratory chain. Furthermore, 7 D-loop sequences of Tibetan horse from different areas were sequenced, and the phylogeny tree was constructed to study the origin and evolutionary history of Tibetan horses. The result showed that the genetic diverse was high among Tibetan horses. All of Tibetan horses from Naqu were clustered into one clade, and Tibetan horses from Zhongdian and Deqin were clustered into others clades. The first molecular evidence of Tibetan horses indicated in this study is that Tibetan horse population might have multiple origins. 展开更多
关键词 Tibetan horses mitochondrial genome high altitude adaptation NaDH6 PHYLOGENY
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Fine‑tuning genomic and pedigree inbreeding rates in equine population with a deep and reliable stud book:the case of the Pura Raza Española horse
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作者 Davinia Isabel Perdomo‑Gonzalez Nora Laseca +3 位作者 Sebastian Demyda‑Peyras Mercedes Valera Isabel Cervantes Antonio Molina 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2023年第2期515-528,共14页
Background:Estimating inbreeding,which is omnipresent and inevitable in livestock populations,is a primary goal for management and animal breeding especially for those interested in mitigating the negative consequence... Background:Estimating inbreeding,which is omnipresent and inevitable in livestock populations,is a primary goal for management and animal breeding especially for those interested in mitigating the negative consequences of inbreeding.Inbreeding coefficients have been historically estimated by using pedigree information;however,over the last decade,genome-base inbreeding coefficients have come to the forefront in this field.The Pura Raza Espanola(PRE)horse is an autochthonous Spanish horse breed which has been recognised since 1912.The total PRE population(344,718 horses)was used to estimate Classical(F),Ballou’s ancestral,Kalinowski’s ancestral,Kalinowski’s new and the ancestral history coefficient values.In addition,genotypic data from a selected population of 805 PRE individuals was used to determine the individual inbreeding coefficient using SNP-by-SNP-based techniques(methods of moments-FHOM-,the diagonal elements of the genomic-FG-,and hybrid matrixes-FH-)and ROH measures(FRZ).The analyse of both pedigree and genomic based inbreeding coefficients in a large and robust population such as the PRE horse,with proven parenteral information for the last 40 years and a high degree of completeness(over 90%for the last 70 years)will allow us to understand PRE genetic variability better and the correlations between the estimations will give the data greater reliability.Results:The mean values of the pedigree-based inbreeding coefficients ranged from 0.01(F for the last 3 generations-F3-)to 0.44(ancestral history coefficient)and the mean values of genomic-based inbreeding coefficients varied from 0.05(FRZ for three generations,FH and FHOM)to 0.11(FRZ for nine generations).Significant correlations were also found between pedigree and genomic inbreeding values,which ranged between 0.58(F3 with FHOM)and 0.79(F with FRZ).In addition,the correlations between FRZ estimated for the last 20 generations and the pedigree-based inbreeding highlight the fact that fewer generations of genomic data are required when comparing total inbreeding values,and the opposite when ancient values are calculated.Conclusions:Ultimately,our results show that it is still useful to work with a deep and reliable pedigree in pedigreebased genetic studies with very large effective population sizes.Obtaining a satisfactory parameter will always be desirable,but the approximation obtained with a robust pedigree will allow us to work more efficiently and economically than with massive genotyping. 展开更多
关键词 Genomic inbreeding horses Pedigree inbreeding
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Biomarkers of Stress and Inflammation in Assessing the Quality of Welfare of Conditioned Vaquejada Horses
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作者 Keity Laiane Gomes Trindade Carolina Jones Ferreira Lima da Silva +6 位作者 Raissa Karolliny Salgueiro Cruz César Fabiano Vilela Joana de Sousa Araújo Simões Clarisse Simões Coelho José Dantas Ribeiro Filho Helena Emília Cavalcanti da Costa Cordeiro Manso Helio Cordeiro Manso Filho 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 2023年第8期147-159,共13页
In recent decades, the intensity of training and equestrian competitions has significantly increased, thus the assessment of the well-being of the equine athlete has become essential in all equestrian modalities. The ... In recent decades, the intensity of training and equestrian competitions has significantly increased, thus the assessment of the well-being of the equine athlete has become essential in all equestrian modalities. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether equine athletes submitted to a vaquejada simulation test (VqST), comprised of three races, presented changes in blood biomarkers related to stress and health status. Fourteen healthy Quarter Horses, used as pull horses in this equestrian modality, were evaluated. Ten animals were submitted to the VqST and the remaining four were used as a control group. Blood samples were collected pre-test (during fast), immediately after, and at 1, 4 and 24 hours of recovery. The assessed blood biomarkers included cortisol, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, iron, urea, creatinine, and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) concentrations and results were analyzed using One Way ANOVA (time) with the SigmaStat 13.0 software. No differences between sample times were detected in both groups (p > 0.05) and no differences were found between groups (p > 0.05). The results suggest that all horses were well conditioned for the level of effort imposed by the three vaquejada races. The adaptation to physical exercise may enable the regulation of the acute response to stress in the tissues involved in the exercises, with no differences being observed in stress and health biomarkers, such as IL-6, IL-1β and cortisol. In conclusion, well-conditioned vaquejada horses exhibit a balanced regulation of biological processes, which contributes an increased athletic longevity and better quality of athletic life. 展开更多
关键词 horse Races WELFaRE HORMONES CORTisOL INTERLEUKINS Iron
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The Thousand-year Journey of Chinese Tea:From the Tea-horse Ancient Road to the Tea Road
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作者 Wu Peng 《China & The World Cultural Exchange》 2023年第3期42-45,共4页
Recently,traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China were inscribed on the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)Representative List of the Intangibl... Recently,traditional tea processing techniques and associated social practices in China were inscribed on the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity after review.In ancient China. 展开更多
关键词 horse UNESCO China
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On a Horse Again
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作者 《疯狂英语(初中天地)》 2023年第3期64-65,共2页
I rode a horse called Nansi through some of the 1500 square kilometres of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales.Nansi was a Welsh Cob and they are one of the world’s oldest types of horses and live wild in the na... I rode a horse called Nansi through some of the 1500 square kilometres of the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales.Nansi was a Welsh Cob and they are one of the world’s oldest types of horses and live wild in the national park.It was nearly twenty years since I had ridden a horse. 展开更多
关键词 horse Wales BEaCON
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Redistribution and magnitude of stresses around horse shoe and circular excavations opened in anisotropic rock 被引量:6
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作者 Mambou Ngueyep Luc Leroy Ndop Joseph Ndjaka Jean-Marie Bienvenu 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI CSCD 2015年第4期615-621,共7页
In this paper numerical analysis of underground structures, taking account the transverse isotropy system of rocks, was done using CAST 3M code by varying the shape of excavation and the coefficient of earth pressure ... In this paper numerical analysis of underground structures, taking account the transverse isotropy system of rocks, was done using CAST 3M code by varying the shape of excavation and the coefficient of earth pressure k. Numerical results reveal that the anisotropy behavior, the shape of hole and the coefficient of earth pressure k have significant influence to the mining induced stress field and rock deformations which directly control the stability of underground excavation design. The magnitude of horizontal stress obtained for the horse shoe shape excavation(25.2 MPa for k = 1; 52.7 MPa for k = 2)is lower than the magnitude obtained for circular hole(26.4 MPa for k = 1; 59.5 MPa for k = 2).Therefore, we have concluded that the horse shoe shape offers the best stability and the best design for engineer. The anisotropy system presented by rock mass can also influence the redistribution of stresses around hole opened. Numerical results have revealed that the magnitude of redistribution of horizontal stresses obtained for transverse isotropic rock(12.1 MPa for k = 0.5; 25.2 MPa for k = 1 and52.7 MPa for k = 2) is less than those obtained in the case of isotropic rock(27.6 MPa for k = 1;48.6 MPa for k = 2 and 90.81 MPa for k = 2). The more the rock has the anisotropic behavior, the more the mass of rock around the tunnel is stable. 展开更多
关键词 horse shoe excavation Stress Strain Transverse isotropy Finite element
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A comparative evaluation of methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolated from harness racing-horses,breeding mares and riding-horses in Italy 被引量:2
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作者 Karina Mallardo Sandra Nizza +2 位作者 Filomena Fiorito Ugo Pagnini Luisa De Martino 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2013年第3期169-173,共5页
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS)which is a potencial risk factor of transmission between animals and humans in different types of horses(harness racing-horses,breedin... Objective:To investigate the prevalence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci(MRS)which is a potencial risk factor of transmission between animals and humans in different types of horses(harness racing-horses,breeding mares and riding-horses)and to compare the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates.Methods:A total of 191 healthy horses,housed at different locations of the Campania Region(Italy),were included in the study.Nasal swab samples were collected from each nostril of the horses.The mecA gene was detected by a nested PCR technique.Antibiotic susceptibility was tested for each isolate.Results:MRS was isolated from nasal samples of 68/191(35.6%;95%CI:28.9%-42.9%)healthy horses.All isolates were coagulase-negative with the exception of two coagulase-positive MRS strains,identified as Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius.2/83(2.4%;95%,CI:0.4%-9.2%).Interestingly,both coagulase-positive MRS isolates were from harness racing-horses.These horses also presented a significantly higher positivity for MRS(53.3%;95%CI:40.1%-66.1%)than the breeding mares and riding-horses groups.Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed difference between isolates due to different origins except for an almost common high resistance to aminopenicillins,such as ampicillin and amoxicillin.Conclusions:It can be concluded that harness racing-horses may act as a significant reservoir of MRS as compared to breeding mares and riding-horses. 展开更多
关键词 METHICILLIN-RESisTaNT STaPHYLOCOCCI MaRES HaRNESS racing-horse Riding-horse Nasal swabs
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A report of left dorsal displacement of the large colon in a tropical horse
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作者 Farhang Sasani Javad Javanbakht +1 位作者 Mehdi Ghamsari Mehdi Aghamohammad Hassan 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine》 SCIE CAS 2013年第4期325-329,共5页
We report one such case which was diagnosed intraoperatively as left dorsal colon volvulus due to multiple mesenteric abnormalities.A 17-year-old castrated male horse was taken to the Tehran University Veterinary Hosp... We report one such case which was diagnosed intraoperatively as left dorsal colon volvulus due to multiple mesenteric abnormalities.A 17-year-old castrated male horse was taken to the Tehran University Veterinary Hospital for treatment of metacarpal wound accompanied by severe abdominal distension and acute colic.The treatment and measurement were taken for a month,and the prepared biopsy indicated that the healing trend was obvious.Unfortunately,prior to discharge,the clinical colic manifestations emerged and the animal suddenly died.Dilated large intestine was palpated per rectum and a ventral midline exploratory laparotomy was performed,a complete volvulus of the ascending colon was identified with multiple mesenteric anomalies of unknown aetiology.The pathologic changes observed in this study accurately reflect those changes reported in horse with naturally occurring colonic volvulus and can serve as a reference for subsequent studies on attenuating bowel injury.The present study results can be used to make a scientific assessment of prognosis in the pre-operative,operative,and post-operative management of horses with large colon volvulus. 展开更多
关键词 LaRGE COLON horse Pathology VOLVULUS LaPaROTOMY
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Polymorphism of Coding Sequences of IGF1R Gene in Baise Horses and Thoroughbred
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作者 BAO Hai-gang HAN Wen-peng ZE Xiao-lei 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2010年第8期3-5,共3页
[ Objective]The aim was to study polymorphism of mat-peptide sequence of IGF1 R gene in Baise horses and thoroughbred, which would af- ford reference for the further studies on the dwarf mechanism and molecular breedi... [ Objective]The aim was to study polymorphism of mat-peptide sequence of IGF1 R gene in Baise horses and thoroughbred, which would af- ford reference for the further studies on the dwarf mechanism and molecular breeding in horses. [Method] A total of 57 blood samples of each breed were collected and genomic DNA was extracted by the standard phenol -chloroform method. Five DNA pools of each breed were constituted and polymorphism sites were identified by sequencing PCR products. Frequencies of genotypes and alleles at these sites of each breed were checked by PCR-RFLP. [Result] Four polymorphism sites were identified in exon 2, 5 and 16, including mutations of T406C, T179 627C, G212 077A and G2.12 110A. No difference was found in the frequency of T179 627C between the Baise horses and thoroughbred. The mutation (3212 077A was only found in the thorou- ghbred, and the mutations, T406C and G212 110A, were only checked out in the Baise horses. [ Conclusion] Whether these mutations are associated with horse growth needs further studies. 展开更多
关键词 horses IGF1R gene Polyrnorphism PCR-RLFP
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Consciousness-raising in animal welfare through practical experience with horses
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作者 Roberto Trentini Marilena Sticco +4 位作者 Filomena J. Misantone Umberta Persichetti Giovanni Gamberini Nicola Bernabò Pia Lucidi 《Open Journal of Animal Sciences》 2012年第1期49-55,共7页
In Italy, Law no. 189/2004 (enforced by law n. 201/2010) on safeguarding animal welfare establishes penalties for anyone keeping animals in conditions that are incompatible with their physiological or ethological need... In Italy, Law no. 189/2004 (enforced by law n. 201/2010) on safeguarding animal welfare establishes penalties for anyone keeping animals in conditions that are incompatible with their physiological or ethological needs. Thus, in order to recognize the condition of poor welfare or mistreatment, the training of a veterinarian needs to adopt a new approach to animal well being —that is somewhat different from the health ideas that have been prevalent so far. In this research we carry out an evaluation of the competence of veterinary students after a theoric 20-hour course in ethology and after three weeks of practical horses handling class. For two years 24 students were selected to took part in a program of horse management, in order to reach a high level of practical competence, from the ability to recognize non-verbal signals from horses, to cleaning and grooming, and to a more specific and refined ability—the establishment of a relationship with horse. While the skill level at the beginning was generally low, being the students’ backgrounds mainly urban, at the end of the practical course nearly 90% of them succeeded in the area of horse-human relationship, reaching evaluations in a range of good-excellent scores (p < 0.01). By combining over the years the applied ethology knowledge with the more profession-oriented health-related subjects, veterinary education will give students the resources that can better assist them in facing the challenges they will meet in their working lives. The fact that too many unlawful horses’ estab-lishments are often found all over the countries point indeed to a need for new experienced, well-trained professional people. 展开更多
关键词 animal WELFaRE applied ETHOLOGY horse VETERINaRY Education
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Evaluation of Pre-Cecal, Ileal Digestibility and Glycemic Response in Fistulated Horses Fed with Different Starch Sources
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作者 Alexandre Augustode Oliveira Gobesso Mariano Etchichury +2 位作者 José Esler de Freitas Jr. Francisco Palma Rennó Hugo Tosi 《Food and Nutrition Sciences》 2015年第1期151-160,共10页
The objective of this study was to evaluate the coefficients of pre-cecal, ileal digestibility, and glycemic response in cannulated horses fed with different starch sources. Four male horses were used in a 4 × 4 ... The objective of this study was to evaluate the coefficients of pre-cecal, ileal digestibility, and glycemic response in cannulated horses fed with different starch sources. Four male horses were used in a 4 × 4 Balanced Latin Square cannulated in the cecum, with 36 months of age and average weight of 350 kg. The horses were fed with hay and the following sources of starch in concentrates: 1) corn (C);2) oats (O);3) sorghum (S);and 4) corn/oats (CO). The experiment consisted of four periods of eighteen days each, being the first twelve days of adaptation and six days to collect samples. There was no difference in cecal and ileal digestibility of starch, CP, ADF, NDF and OM among diets evaluated. However, horses fed with oats diet had higher values of pre-cecal apparent digestibility of DM in relation at the horses fed to sorghum and corn/oats diets. The values of CF digestibility were higher for equines fed with oats and sorghum diet compared to corn/oats diet. The horses fed with corn/oats diet had lower plasma glucose concentrations 30 minutes before the supply and higher insulin concentrations 210 minutes after ingestion of the foods. The digestibility of nutrients in equine diets, in pre-cecal and pre-ileal evaluation, presents significant differences, depending on the starch source provided, oat, corn or sorghum. The plasma glucose concentrations are directly correlated with the digestibility of starch. 展开更多
关键词 horses Pre-Cecal DIGESTIBILITY FisTULa ILEUM GLUCOSE
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Pituitary Lesions, Obesity, and Mesenteric Lipomas in Insulin-Resistant Horses
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作者 Kimberly M. Newkirk Kelly A. Chameroy +2 位作者 Elizabeth M. Tadros Barton W. Rohrbach Nicholas Frank 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 2014年第9期190-196,共7页
The aim of the current study was to identify associations between pituitary lesions, body condition scores, and mesenteric lipomas in horses with insulin resistance. Necropsy examinations were performed following euth... The aim of the current study was to identify associations between pituitary lesions, body condition scores, and mesenteric lipomas in horses with insulin resistance. Necropsy examinations were performed following euthanasia in 30 adult horses designated as insulin resistant (n = 11) or insulin sensitive (n = 19). Insulin sensitivity was determined using the insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test and resting insulin concentrations. At necropsy, mesenteric lipomas were measured. The pituitary and adrenal glands, pancreas, and liver were evaluated histologically;pituitary glands were scored based on published criteria. Insulin-resistant horses had significantly higher pituitary scores (p = 0.0035) and body condition scores (p = 0.0001), even when adjusting for age, and a greater frequency of mesenteric lipomas (p = 0.014) and greater lipoma area (p = 0.0332) than insulin-sensitive horses. Regardless of insulin status, horses with pituitary scores ≥3 (diffuse hyperplasia;n = 25) had higher body condition scores (p = 0.0313) and a greater frequency of mesenteric lipomas (p < 0.0002) than those with lower pituitary scores. High body condition score was not correlated to an increased frequency of mesenteric lipomas. Detection of higher pituitary scores in insulin-resistant horses suggested an association between insulin resistance and pituitary morphology. Horses in the insulin-resistant group and those with high pituitary scores had higher body condition scores and a greater frequency of mesenteric lipomas. These horses might be at increased risk for lipoma-associated colic. 展开更多
关键词 Body Condition Score horse INSULIN Resistance MESENTERIC LIPOMa PITUITaRY
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Plasma and Red Blood Cells Concentration Profiles of Ktamine after Single Intravenous Administration in an Anaesthetic Protocol in Horses
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作者 Francesca Sori Noemi Romagnoli +2 位作者 Domenico Ferrara Anna Zaghini Paola Roncada 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 2013年第2期136-142,共7页
The aim of this study was to describe the concentration profile of ketamine in plasma and red blood cells following an intravenous (IV) bolus in the horse. Ten healthy standardbred horses (two males and height females... The aim of this study was to describe the concentration profile of ketamine in plasma and red blood cells following an intravenous (IV) bolus in the horse. Ten healthy standardbred horses (two males and height females) 7.7 ± 4.6 (mean value ± SD) years old and weighting 380 ± 21 kg (mean value ± SD) were recruited. The horses were premedicated with acepromazine (0.04 mg·kg-1·IV). Fifteen minutes later they received romifidine (0.08 mg·kg-1·IV), and 5 minutes after they were administered midazolam (0.06 mg·kg-1·IV). Immediately, anaesthesia was induced by ketamine (2.2 mg·kg-1·IV). Venous blood samples were collected at scheduled time points. Plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) concentration of ketamine was assayed using a high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC/UV-DAD). The high mean recovery rates, the high sensitivity, the good linearity, suggest a clinical applicability of the analytical method. A bicompartmental model resulted as the most appropriate to describe the ketamine concentration—time profile for both plasma and RBCs. The fitted regression line between ketamine plasma concentrations and RBC concentrations supports the good correlation between ketamine concentrations in plasma and in RBCs. The kinetic parameters of ketamine calculated for RBC are equal or very similar to the plasma ones. The study confirms the kinetic behaviour of ketamine used in the horse as anaesthetic inducers in routine surgery. Finally, the bicompartmental model well describes the ketamine profile also in RBCs, that it is very close to the plasma profile, underlining the great importance of RBCs as blood subcompartment. 展开更多
关键词 KETaMINE horse PLaSMa Red BLOOD Cells Kinetics
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Azteca Breed Horse Epididymal Sperm Evaluation: A Comparison of Head, Corpus and Cauda Sperm Quality
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作者 Lyda Y. Parra-Forero German D. Mendoza +5 位作者 Alfredo Góngora Maria D. C. López Fernández Luis A. Cruz Antonio J. Montiel Mike E. Kjelland Adelfa D. C. García-Contreras 《Advances in Reproductive Sciences》 2015年第3期57-65,共9页
The main objective of this study was to determine differences in sperm recovered from the three segments of the epididymis, i.e., head, corpus and cauda, using routine measurements of sperm quality and DNA fragmentati... The main objective of this study was to determine differences in sperm recovered from the three segments of the epididymis, i.e., head, corpus and cauda, using routine measurements of sperm quality and DNA fragmentation assessment. There was a larger sperm concentration (P < 0.05) in the head (3.34 × 106 sperm/mL) compared with the corpus and cauda. The percentage of normal morphology was higher in the cauda but had lower motility (P < 0.05). The DNA fragmentation index was higher for sperm obtained from the head and body of the epididymis (P < 0.01) compared with the cauda. The DNA fragmentation index values were 12% higher (P < 0.01) using Wright stain compared with DAPI stain in sperm from the head and corpus of the epididymis, but similar in the cauda. Spermatobioscopy parameters match the maturation changes that occur in the epididymal tract with higher quality sperm being from the cauda, but with a lower concentration compared to sperm found in the head. 展开更多
关键词 Epididymal horse SPERM DaPI WRIGHT Stain DNa Fragmentation
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Acoustic Myography: Its Assessment of Ground Reaction Forces as Measured through Forelimb and Hind Limb of the Horse during Mild Exercise
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作者 Diane Isbell Sebastian Laguna +4 位作者 Jillian Costello Chavers Waqas Ahmed Vibeke Sødring Elbrønd Robert Bowker Adrian Harrison 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 CAS 2022年第10期101-115,共15页
Background: Fractures in the limbs of racehorses are common, resulting among other factors, as the result of repeated ground reaction forces on bones and joints, leading to catastrophic failure. Aim: To quantify groun... Background: Fractures in the limbs of racehorses are common, resulting among other factors, as the result of repeated ground reaction forces on bones and joints, leading to catastrophic failure. Aim: To quantify ground impact transmission through the limb bones of un-shod healthy horses using the non-invasive technique of acoustic myography (AMG). Methods: Four sites were selected for AMG measurements at the walk and trot, hoof wall (site 1) and sites 2 - 4, metacarpal 3, carpals and the radius of the left forelimb of two healthy horses. Measurements were on both rubber and concrete. AMG of the equine hind limb suspensory system was made and analyzed (amplitude and timing) for the proximal suspensory ligament (PSL) and the SDFT/DDFT. Results: AMG signal amplitude at site 1 (1.5 ± 0.2 versus 1.1 ± 1.5) was not found to be significantly different at the trot compared to the walk;however, sites 2, 3 and 4 were all significantly different when compared between the two gaits;site 2 P = 0.008;site 3 P = 0.006;site 4 P = 0.005. AMG signals recorded on the rubber surface had smaller amplitude than the equivalent signal and site on the concrete surface. Ground Reaction Force (GRF) transmission in the equine forelimb was 22 m/sec, whilst that of the hind limb suspensory system was 25 m/sec. Conclusion: Findings indicate that GRFs are transmitted proximally along the limb at considerable speeds, that they are dampened by tissues and structures in the limb, and that the GRFs are present and detectable proximal to the fetlock joint. 展开更多
关键词 horse Foot LIMB acoustic Myography Suspensory System
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Analysis of Tracheal Secretion in Healthy Horses Undergoing a Vaquejada Simulation Test
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作者 Natália Matos Souza Azevedo Márlon de Vasconcelos Azevedo +1 位作者 Paulo Fernandes de Lima Hélio Cordeiro Manso Filho 《Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine》 2014年第10期232-238,共7页
This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of EIPH in vaquejada horses via endoscopy and tracheal lavage and citology. We used eight Quarter-mile horses that usually perform at vaquejadas. Clinical examination was ca... This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of EIPH in vaquejada horses via endoscopy and tracheal lavage and citology. We used eight Quarter-mile horses that usually perform at vaquejadas. Clinical examination was carried out before the race. After the race, endoscopy and tracheal lavage with 20 ml of saline via the service channel of the endoscope were performed. The samples were sent to the laboratory for processing and confection of the slides. Of the eight horses (four pull and four helper horses), six had hemosiderophages in their tracheal aspirates, confirming the existence of pulmonary hemorrhage after exercise. No difference was observed between the analyzed parameters between the two groups of vaquejada horses (P > 0.05). Tracheal lavage and endoscopy can be used for evaluating this important disease in animal athletes. 展开更多
关键词 EIPH horses SPORT ENDOSCOPY
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High Plasma Concentrations of Sclerostin, an Inhibitor of the Wnt Signaling Pathway, in Young Horses Affected by Osteochondrosis
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作者 Didier Serteyn Luis Mendoza +4 位作者 Charlotte Sandersen Isabelle Caudron David Piquemal Pascale Chavatte-Palmer Jean-Philippe Lejeune 《Open Journal of Orthopedics》 2014年第12期335-342,共8页
Osteochondrosis (OC) is a developmental disease in horses with a significant impact on the horse’s welfare and performance. The early disturbance of enchondral ossification progresses to inflammatory and healing proc... Osteochondrosis (OC) is a developmental disease in horses with a significant impact on the horse’s welfare and performance. The early disturbance of enchondral ossification progresses to inflammatory and healing process in older horses. Metabolic pathway analysis showed an obvious dysregulation of several signaling pathways related to cartilage formation and cartilage repair such as Wnt/β-catenin, Indian hedgehog and TGF-β signaling pathways. Other regulated genes appeared to be involved in high carbohydrate diet, abnormal insulin metabolism or inflammation. Sclerostin is an osteocyte-secreted soluble antagonist of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. It is crucial for osteoblast development and activity and is increased in naturally occurring lesions of equine osteochondrosis. The aim of this study is to compare the circulating sclerostin levels between OC-affected (n = 20) and healthy horses (n = 19). A significant linear regression between plasma sclerostin and age is observed especially in the healthy young horses. The mean plasma sclerostin concentration is significantly higher in young horses suffering from osteochondrosis compared to the control horses. These results reinforce the possible role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the OC pathogeny. The inhibition of this essential pathway could disturb the osteo-chondral differentiation. More studies are currently needed to define the eventual clinic interest of plasma sclerostin as future biomarker in bone and cartilage diseases. 展开更多
关键词 SCLEROSTIN OSTEOCHONDROSis WNT/Β-CaTENIN Pathway horse EQUINE OSTEOCHONDROSis
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Characteristics of Genetic Resources of Kazakh Horse
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作者 Liyuan DING Kcyimaerdan DULATI +2 位作者 Исхан Кайрат Shaheduola AIDIERHAN Muhatai GEMINGGULI 《Agricultural Biotechnology》 CAS 2018年第3期88-91,共4页
In order to understand the characteristics of genetic resources of Kazakh horses in Xinjiang,their body size,phenotypes and coat colors were investigated and analyzed using the methods of resources survey and body siz... In order to understand the characteristics of genetic resources of Kazakh horses in Xinjiang,their body size,phenotypes and coat colors were investigated and analyzed using the methods of resources survey and body size measurement. The results showed that the coat color of Kazakh horses in Xinjiang is very rich,covering more than 90% of the world's horse coat colors. The influencing factors of Kazakh horse body size data might include the environment and geographical distribution of Kazakh horses. The gap between Xinjiang Kazakh horse and Kazakhstan Kazakh horse was relatively large,which was related to the degree of breeding.There were some differences in the appearance of Kazakh horses between Altay and Ili regions with different ecological environment. The Kazakh horses in Altay were relatively strong in size,well developed in coat and long hair,long and dense in fuzz in winter,and rich in coat color. But the Kazakh horses in Ili were compact in size,less in coat than those in Altay,and have a single coat color. 展开更多
关键词 Kazakh horse Genetic resources CHaRaCTERisTICS Coat color Body size PHEnotYPE
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Early pregnancy in the horse revisited–does exception prove the rule?
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作者 Christine Aurich Sven Budik 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期117-124,共8页
Early equine pregnancy shares many features with that of more intensively assessed domestic animals species, but there are also characteristic differences. Some of those are poorly understood. Descent of the equine co... Early equine pregnancy shares many features with that of more intensively assessed domestic animals species, but there are also characteristic differences. Some of those are poorly understood. Descent of the equine conceptus into the uterine lumen occurs at day 5 to 6 after ovulation but is only possible when the embryo secretes prostaglandin E2. Although maintenance of equine pregnancy probably involves secretion of a conceptus derived anti-luteolytic factor, this agent has not been identified. Rapid growth, conceptus mobility and presence of an acellular capsule at the time of maternal recognition of pregnancy, i.e. between days 12 and 14, are prerequisites to avoid pregnancy loss. Progesterone together with 5α-pregnanes is secreted by the corpus luteum and induces the production of endometrial histotroph which is responsible for conceptus nutrition until placention. A stable contact between the outer trophoblast layer of the allantochorion and the luminal epithelium of the endometrium is not established before days 40 to 42 of pregnancy. 展开更多
关键词 Conceptus horse Maternal recognition Pregnancy
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