This study aimed to assess the water footprint of white radishes which is cultivated during four seasons.The methodology is developed in accordance with ISO 14040s and ISO 14046.This study suggested the water depletio...This study aimed to assess the water footprint of white radishes which is cultivated during four seasons.The methodology is developed in accordance with ISO 14040s and ISO 14046.This study suggested the water depletion and eutrophication results of white radishes as water footprint results.The water de-pletion results are 25.58 m^(3) fres hwater/ton(spring season white radish),20.74 m^(3) freshwater/ton(au-tumn season white radish),26.68 m^(3) freshwater/ton(alpine region white radish),and 2856 m^(3) fresh-water/ton(facility white radish),respectively.And the eutrophication results are 3.23E-11 kg P/ton(spring season white radish),2.66E-11 kg P/ton(autumn season white radish),3.94E-11 kg P/ton(alpine region white radish),and 1.56E-11 kg P/ton(facility white radish),respectively.In conclusion,autumn season white radish is more competitive than other cultivation types in the context of water footprint assessment.As a result,switching from other cultivation types to autumn season white radish is ex-pected to offer a more water-efficient means of white radish cultivation.Henceforth,drawing upon evidence within this report,decision-makers would be wise to cultivate in more effective water use cultivation type and crop species.展开更多
Direct steam injection(DSI)was applied to minimize the quality changes of white radish(Raphanus sativus)broth during sterilization.This study compared the degree of browning of white radish broth from a retort sterili...Direct steam injection(DSI)was applied to minimize the quality changes of white radish(Raphanus sativus)broth during sterilization.This study compared the degree of browning of white radish broth from a retort sterilization system and a DSI system.The quality changes after thermal treatments,such as retorting and DSI,were evaluated by Lab color values,the browning index(BI)and sensory evaluation.As the volume of the retort pouch increased,the thermal processing time increased.Significant increases of a and b values,color difference and BI were observed.Unlike the retort sterilization,the DSI treatment showed no significant differences in color properties of the radish broth with a wide range of sterilization temperature.The highest sensory score among the DSI treated samples was observed at the lowest sterilization temperature(125℃).The results demonstrated that the DSI treatment showed a higher stability in the quality associated with the browning reaction,such as the color indices and BI because the DSI process rapidly increased the temperature of the radish broth by transferring the latent heat of steam to the fluid.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to assess the water footprint of white radishes which is cultivated during four seasons.The methodology is developed in accordance with ISO 14040s and ISO 14046.This study suggested the water depletion and eutrophication results of white radishes as water footprint results.The water de-pletion results are 25.58 m^(3) fres hwater/ton(spring season white radish),20.74 m^(3) freshwater/ton(au-tumn season white radish),26.68 m^(3) freshwater/ton(alpine region white radish),and 2856 m^(3) fresh-water/ton(facility white radish),respectively.And the eutrophication results are 3.23E-11 kg P/ton(spring season white radish),2.66E-11 kg P/ton(autumn season white radish),3.94E-11 kg P/ton(alpine region white radish),and 1.56E-11 kg P/ton(facility white radish),respectively.In conclusion,autumn season white radish is more competitive than other cultivation types in the context of water footprint assessment.As a result,switching from other cultivation types to autumn season white radish is ex-pected to offer a more water-efficient means of white radish cultivation.Henceforth,drawing upon evidence within this report,decision-makers would be wise to cultivate in more effective water use cultivation type and crop species.
基金This work was supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food,Agriculture,Forestry and Fisheries(IPET)through High Value-added Food Technology Development Program,funded by Ministry of Agriculture,Food and Rural Affairs(Grant No.314047-2)This study has been worked with the support of a research grant of Kangwon National University in 2016.
文摘Direct steam injection(DSI)was applied to minimize the quality changes of white radish(Raphanus sativus)broth during sterilization.This study compared the degree of browning of white radish broth from a retort sterilization system and a DSI system.The quality changes after thermal treatments,such as retorting and DSI,were evaluated by Lab color values,the browning index(BI)and sensory evaluation.As the volume of the retort pouch increased,the thermal processing time increased.Significant increases of a and b values,color difference and BI were observed.Unlike the retort sterilization,the DSI treatment showed no significant differences in color properties of the radish broth with a wide range of sterilization temperature.The highest sensory score among the DSI treated samples was observed at the lowest sterilization temperature(125℃).The results demonstrated that the DSI treatment showed a higher stability in the quality associated with the browning reaction,such as the color indices and BI because the DSI process rapidly increased the temperature of the radish broth by transferring the latent heat of steam to the fluid.