SDS-PAGE analysis of whole cell protein and outer memrbane protein patterns of clinical isolates of Burkholderia pseudomallei

Objective:To investigate the banding patterns of whole cell protein(WCP) and outer membrane protein (OMP) of Burkholderia pseudomallei(B.pseudomallei) in clinical isolates from patients with melioidosis. Methods:WCP and OMP of of B.pseudomallei in 50 clinical isolates,from 47 patients with melioidosis were prepared and separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE) using 10%gels and stained with Coomassie brilliant blue.The banding patterns were compared by using a laser densitometer and dendrogram. Results:There were 6 different banding patterns of WCP and 2 types of OMP.Type 1 -5 WCP had 8 common protein bands at 19.0 - 45.0 kDa with identical OMP pattern.The banding patterns of WCP in type 6 were distinct from the others and also its OMP profile.The majority of clinical isolates(37/50,74%) were in type 1 WCP.Of the remaining isolates,8 were in type 2,2 in type 3,and one each was in type 4 to 6.There was no significant association between the WCP typing and the demographic or clinical features of the investigated patients.Conclusion:Despite the wide variation of clinical features of melioidosis,the results of this study show that B.pseudomallei had a few differences in the WCP and OMP profiles.Therefore typing of WCP and OMP,using SDS-PAGE analysis,could be an alternative method for phenotypic differentiation in clinical isolates of B.pseudomallei.

Significantly improved oxidation of bio-based furans into furan carboxylic acids using substrate-adapted whole cells

Furan carboxylic acids are important building blocks in polymer and fine chemical industries. In this work, a simple substrate adaptation strategy was applied to improve the catalytic performances of Comamonas testosteroni SC1588 cells for the synthesis of various furan carboxylic acids. It was found that biocatalytic synthesis of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid(HMFCA) was substantially promoted by adding histidine and increasing cell concentrations. HMFCA was produced in a quantitative yield from200 m M HMF in 24 h. Besides, the HMFCA yields of 71%–81% were achieved with the substrate concentrations up to 250–300 m M. It was firstly found that 4-tert-butylcatechol(TBC), as the stabilizer present in HMF, exerted a significantly detrimental effect on whole-cell catalytic synthesis of HMFCA at high substrate concentrations(more than 130 m M). In addition, a variety of furan carboxylic acids such as2-furoic acid, 5-methyl-2-furancarboxylic acid and 5-methoxymethyl-2-furancarboxylic acid were synthesized with the yields up to 98%.

Acaricidal activities of whole cell suspension,cell-free supernatant,and crude cell extract of Xenorhabdus stokiae against mushroom mite (Luciaphorus sp.)

Xenorhabdus bacterium has been used as a biological control agent against Luciaphorus sp., a mushroom mite endemic in Thailand. To develop an effective formulation ofXenorhabdus stokiae, treatments using different parts of X. stokiae isolate PB09 culture, including whole cell suspension, cell-free supernatant, and crude cell extract, were performed. The results show that different parts ofX. stokiae isolate PB09 culture could induce variable effects on mite mortality and fecundity. Application with cell-free supernatant of X. stokiae culture resulted in both the highest mite mortality rate [（89.00＋3.60）%] and the lowest mite fecundity [（41.33_＋23.69） eggs/gravid female]. Whole cell suspen- sion of X. stokiae isolate PB09 culture was found to be slightly less effective than its cell-free supernatant, suggesting that X. stokiae was more likely to release its metabolites with acaricidal activities to the surrounding culture media. Crude cell extract of X. stokiae was not effective against mites. Cell-free supematant of X. stokiae isolate PB09 was the most effective biological control agent and it could be conveniently used in future formulations instead of live bacteria.

Effect of Cu^2＋ on K^＋ Current in Acutely Isolated Rat Hippocampal Neurons by Whole Cell Patch Clamp Technique

Using the whole cell patch clamp technique, the effect of Cu^2＋on transient outward K^＋current （/to） and delayed rectifier K^＋ current （Idr） was studied in acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons.Ito and Idr were increased when the concentration of Cu^2＋ was lower than 2 × 10^-5 and 10^-5 tool/L, respectively, and increased ratio was decreased with increasing Cu^2＋concentration in the bath solutions. When the concentration continued to increase to 5× 10^-5 and 2 × 10^- 5 mol/L, the currents were hardly changed, while the concentration was more than 10^-4 and 5 × 10^-5 mol/L, the currents were inhibited remarkably. Cu^2＋ （10^-5 mol/L） did not affect the activation and inactivation process of Ito. The activation curve of Idr was shifted toward positive potential, but 10^-5 mol/L Cu^2＋did not affect slope factor. According to these results, it was considered that Cu^2＋at low concentration in the bath solution could promote Ito and Idr while at high concentration could inhibit them, and change of amplitude was different with different membrane voltage. Conclusion was drawn： Cu^2＋may be involved in the pathophysiologic mechanism of diseases with neuropathological components.

Suppression of transmembrane sodium currents on the freshly isolated hippocampal neuron cell with continuous infrared light

Physiotherapeutic effects of infrared lasers have been proved in clinic.These infrared-based regulations of the bioelectrical activities can roughly be classied into enhancement and suppression of action potential(AP),which are described by sodium(Na)and potassium(K)transmembrane current equations,named as Hodgkin and Huxley(HH)-model.The enhancement effect is able to evoke or strengthen the AP when infrared light is applied.Its corresponding mechanism is commonly ascribed to the changes of the cell membrane capacitance,which is transiently increased in response to the infrared radiation.The distinctive feature of the suppression effect is to inhibit or reduce the AP by the designed protocols of infrared radiation.However,its mechanism presents more complexity than that in enhancement cases.HH-model describes how the Na current determines the initial phase of AP.So,the enhancement and suppression of AP can be also ascribed to the regulations of the corresponding Na currents.Here,a continuous infrared light at the wavelength of 980 nm(CIS-980)was employed to stimulate a freshly isolated hippocampal neuron in vitro and a suppression effect on the Na currents of the neuron cell was observed.Both Na and K currents,which are named as whole cell currents,were simultaneously recorded with the cell membrane capacitance current by using a patch clamp combined with infrared irradiation.The results demonstrated that the CIS-980 was able to reversibly increase the capacitance currents,completely suppressed Na currents,but little changed K currents,which forms the steady outward whole cell currents and plays a major role on the AP repolarization.A conrmation experiment was designed and carried out by synchronizing tens of milliseconds of infrared stimulation on the same kinds of hippocampal neuron cells.After the blocked K channel,a reduction of Na current amplitude was still recorded.This proved that infrared suppression of Na current was irrelevant to K channel.A membrane capacitance mediation process was preliminarily proposed to explain the Na channel suppression process.

Whole-cell recording of the robust nucleus of the arcopallium neurons in the adult zebra finch

BACKGROUND： Electrophysiological properties of the song nucleus have been revealed using conventional techniques, such as intracellular and extracellular recording. Research concerning the neuronal activation properties and regulations of the song system at the cellular and ion channel level may help reveal the neural mechanism of song learning. OBJECTIVE： To perform whole-cell recording of robust nucleus of the arcopallium （RA） neurons in brain slices from adult zebra finches （Taeniopygia guttata） and observe the action potential, sodium/potassium current and the spontaneous postsynaptic current of RA neurons. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： Self-controlled, neuroelectrophysiological experiment. The study was performed at the Neurophysiology Laboratory of South China Normal University from April to September 2008. MATERIALS： Flaming/Brown puller P-97 was purchased from Sutter Ins, USA; Axopatch 700B amplifier and Digidata 1332A converter were purchased from Axon Instrument, USA; pClamp software was provided by Axon Instrument, USA. METHODS： RA neurons were acutely isolated from 24 healthy male zebra finches. The action potential, voltage-gate sodium/potassium current and spontaneous postsynaptic current were recorded by whole-cell recording technology. Data were analyzed by pClamp software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The amplitude and frequency of the action potential, and the amplitude of the voltage-dependent and spontaneous postsynaptic currents, were measured. RESULTS： （1） Testing of action potential： Cells exhibited a stable current-voltage relationship following a series of hyperpolarization stepped currents, and an action potential was triggered by the spike threshold. All the recorded cells displayed repetitive firing following depolarizing current injection, with a frequency beyond 100 Hz. （2） Testing of voltage-gate currents： The inward and outward whole-cell currents were observed after a series of depolarizing voltage steps. The inward current disappeared following the application of tetrodotoxin and the outward current was significantly inhibited by application of 4-aminopyfidione and tetraethylammonium chloride. （3） Testing of spontaneous postsynaptic current： The majority of recorded cells exhibited an inward synaptic current when the membrane potential was maintained at -60 mV, with some cells exhibiting a robustly outward current when the membrane potential was maintained at -30 mV. Tetrodotoxin was unable to affect the spontaneous postsynaptic current. Following application of bicuculline [y-aminobutyric acid （A） receptor antagonist] and high concentration kynurenic acid （ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist）, the inward and outward currents were completely inhibited. CONCLUSION： Under these experimental conditions, the action potential, sodium/potassium current and spontaneous postsynaptic current were recorded successfully in RA neurons. This indicates that the cells preserved relatively intact synaptic connections and normal physiological activity, which is required for investigating ion channels. The inward and outward whole-cell currents were sodium and potassium currents, respectively. The postsynaptic y-aminobutyric acid （A） receptors and ionotropic glutamate receptors contributed to the spontaneous postsynaptic current.

Whole-cell recordings of voltage-gated Calcium,Potassium and Sodium currents in acutely isolated hippocampal pyramidal neurons

Objective：To record Calcium, Potassium and Sodium currents in acutely isolated hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Methods：Hippocampal CA3 neurons were freshly isolated by 1 mg protease/3 ml SES and mechanical trituration with polished pipettes of progressively smaller tip diameters. Patch clamp technique in whole-cell mode was employed to record voltage-gated channel currents. Results：The procedure dissociated hippocampal neurons, preserving apical dendrites and several basal dendrites, without impairing the electrical characteristics of the neurons. Whole-cell patch clamp configuration was successfully used to record voltage-gated Ca^2＋ currents, delayed rectifier K^＋ current and voltage-gated Na^＋ currents. Conclusion：Protease combined with mechanical trituration may be used for the dissociation of neurons from rat hippocampus. Voltage-gated channels currents could be recorded using a patch clamp technique.

Incorporation of circulating tumor cells and whole-body metabolic tumor volume of 18F-FDG PET/CT improves prediction of outcome inⅢB stage small-cell lung cancer

Objective: We investigated the correlation between the number of circulating tumor cells(CTCs) and wholebody metabolic tumor volume(WBMTV) measured by 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT).The aim was to evaluate the value of the incorporation of CTC number and WBMTV in the prognostic prediction of stage III small-cell lung cancer(SCLC).Methods: One hundred and twenty-nine patients were enrolled in this study.All patients were treated with four cycles of a platinum-based regimen and concurrent chest irradiation,followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation.Blood samples for CTC analysis were obtained from 112 patients before the initiation of chemotherapy(as a baseline),after cycle 1 and after cycle 4.CTCs were measured using the CELLSEARCH? system.The patients underwent pretreatment FDG PET/CT WBMTV,which included all malignant lesions.The Spearman rank test was used to determine the correlation among CTC counts,WBMTV and disease stage.Overall survival(OS) and progression-free survival(PFS) curves were produced using the Kaplan-Meier method,and survival differences between groups were assessed by the log-rank test.Results: The number of CTCs at baseline did not correlate with WBMTV before the initiation of therapy(P=0.241).The number of CTCs at baseline and the WBMTV before the initiation of therapy were independent relevant factors for PFS and OS.The subgroup analysis(Group A: CTC count >19.5 and a WBMTV >266.5cm~3;Group B: CTC count >19.5 and a WBMTV ≤266.5cm~3; Group C: CTC count ≤19.5 and a WBMTV >266.5cm~3;Group D: CTC count ≤19.5 and a WBMTV ≤266.5cm~3) showed that the differences were statistically significant in the median PFS(Group A vs.D,P<0.001; Group B vs.D,P=0.018; Group C vs.D,P=0.029) and in the median OS(Group A vs.D,P<0.001; Group B vs.D,P=0.012).Conclusions: CTC number and WBMTV are related to progression and death in patients with SCLC.The incorporation of CTC number and WBMTV scans can provide a detailed prognostic prediction for SCLC.

Gene expression in rat mesenchymal stem cells following treatment with natural cerebrolysin-containing serum Validation of a whole genome microarray technique

BACKGROUND： Natural cerebrolysin （NC）, a Chinese herbal drug for the treatment of Alzheimer＇s disease （AD）, induces mesenchymal stem cell （MSC） differentiation into neuron-like cells, with low toxicity. But the mechanisms involved in NC effects on MSCs remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE： We used a whole genome microarray technique to further investigate the molecular, genetic, and pharmacodynamic mechanisms of NC on MSC gene expression profiles. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A parallel, controlled, in vitro experiment was performed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China, between September 2006 and October 2008. MATERIALS： NC was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine China. It was predominantly composed of Renshen （Radix Ginseng）, Tianma （Rhizoma Gastrodiae） and Yinxingye （Ginkgo Leaf） and prepared by conventional water extractJon technology. Twelve adult, male, New Zealand rabbits were included, six of which underwent intragastric administration of NC extract for 1 month to create NC-containing serum. METHODS： Bone marrow was collected from the tibia and femur of Sprague Dawley rats, aged 6 8 months old. Rat MSCs were isolated and purified by the whole bone marrow adherence method. After in vitro culture, MSCs from passage 4 were treated with NC-containing serum for 48 hours, and total RNA was extracted. Gene expression in MSCs was analyzed using Affymetrix whole genome microarray analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Differentially expressed genes in NC serum-treated MSCs. RESULTS： NC treated MSCs displayed 46 differentially expressed genes, 22 with upregulated expression （fold change 〉 2） and 24 with downregulated expression （fold change 〈 -2）. Differentially expressed genes participated in neuronal growth, differentiation, and function, cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, signal transduction, substance/energy metabolism, ion transport, and immune responses. NC treatment changed levels of transforming growth factor β/ bone morphogenetic proteins, Hedgehog, Bmp, and Wntsignaling pathways, which regulate nerve cell differentiation, development and function, as well as learning and memory; Ras, G protein- coupled receptor signal pathways that are related to cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis; and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase signaling cascades. CONCLUSION： NC can regulate gene expression for many signal transduction pathways related to nerve cell differentiation, development and function, learning and memory function, as well as regulation of cell growth, differentiation, proliferation, or apoptosis to mediate the genetic effects of NC treatment on AD.

贝托司汀手性中间体(S)-CPMA整细胞催化合成工艺研究

针对不同条件对贝托司汀手性中间体(S)-CPMA的整细胞催化合成影响,进行单因素实验和正交设计优化研究.首先从耐热克鲁维酵母突变株SXBP-02预处理方式、不同催化反应介质、pH、底物质量浓度、温度、时间、催化剂用量、补料次数等8个方面进行考察,揭示其中pH、底物质量浓度、补料次数和催化剂用量4个因素对(S)-CPMA催化效率的影响较大;进一步对其进行正交优化,得出最佳工艺条件:在pH8的PEG4000双水相体系中,底物质量浓度为6g/L、补料次数为4次、催化剂用量为3g/L,温度为40℃条件下反应36h,可得到(S)-CPMA产率为88.1%,对映选择性在98.5%以上,4个因素对(S)-CPMA收率的影响主次顺序依次为补料次数>pH>催化剂用量>底物质量浓度,其中补料次数、pH为显著性影响因素,与优化前相比,底物质量浓度提高3倍,产率提高了6%.

奥西替尼联合全脑放疗对非小细胞肺癌的疗效分析

目的探讨奥西替尼联合全脑放疗对非小细胞肺癌的治疗效果。方法选取2019年6月至2020年6月确诊为非小细胞肺癌并伴随脑转移的86例患者,随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组43例。对照组采取常规化疗方式联合全脑放疗进行治疗,试验组在常规化疗联合全脑放疗的基础上联合奥西替尼治疗,比较2组患者的近期疗效、血清肿瘤标志物含量、不良反应情况以及生存情况。结果试验组治疗有效率为88.4%高于对照组的62.8%(P<0.05)。试验组患者血清的CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组的血清CYFRA21-1水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组的患者的无病生存时间中位数为8个月,对照组为5个月,Log-rank检验显示,试验组的无病生存时间显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论奥西替尼联合全脑放疗作为治疗非小细胞肺癌脑转移患者的治疗方式,治疗效果较好,能延长患者的无病生存时间并且能提高患者的生存质量,值得临床推广应用。

基于细菌双组分系统的生物传感器的研究进展

细菌双组分系统能够感知和响应细胞内外的物理、化学和生物刺激,通过耦合传感和调节机制从而引起一系列的细胞反应,是一个普遍存在的信号转导通路家族。当前越来越多的合成生物学家已开始利用双组分系统的特异属性来工程化设计微生物传感系统,并应用于光遗传学、材料科学、肠道微生物组工程、生物炼制和土壤改良等领域。本综述重点介绍了开发基于双组分系统的生物传感器的最新研究进展以及在各个领域中的潜在应用。同时探讨了如何运用新的工程方法提高双组分系统传感器性能的可靠性,包括遗传重构、DNA结合结构域交换、检测阈值调节和磷酸化串扰隔离,以及如何根据特定应用的要求定制双组分系统信号特性。在未来,研究者可以将这些方法与大规模的基因合成、高通量筛选相结合,以加速和帮助发现更多未确定特征输入的双组分系统,并开发新的对广泛的刺激做出反应的基因编码生物传感器,拓展双组分生物传感器在不同领域的应用。

小白链霉菌全细胞转化L-赖氨酸合成ε-聚赖氨酸的体系构建与优化

小白链霉菌(Streptomyces albulus)是天然抗菌肽ε-聚赖氨酸(ε-poly-L-lysine,ε-PL)的主要生产菌株。为了提高小白链霉菌生产ε-PL效率,该文构建并优化了全细胞转化L-赖氨酸合成ε-PL体系:葡萄糖质量浓度80 g/L,菌龄12 h,反应温度30℃,L-赖氨酸质量浓度15 g/L,柠檬酸浓度15 g/L,初始反应p H 4.0,硫酸铵质量浓度6 g/L,湿菌体量为1900 g/L。基于该转化体系,实现小白链霉菌在96 h合成ε-PL产量和底物转化率达到13.80 g/L和38.9%,分别是常规摇瓶发酵的4.1、3.2倍。最后,在小白链霉菌中异源表达来自大肠杆菌的L-赖氨酸特异性通透蛋白基因lysp,获得的重组菌S.albulus OE-lysp实现L-赖氨酸利用能力和底物转化率较出发菌株分别提升26%和33%,ε-PL产量增加至17.21 g/L,约为常规摇瓶发酵ε-PL产量的6.4倍,这是文献报道的最高摇瓶规模ε-PL产量。该研究结果一方面说明了通过全细胞转化L-赖氨酸生产ε-PL的可行性,另一方面为S.albulus转化大宗氨基酸L-赖氨酸生产高值ε-PL奠定了坚实的技术基础,具有重要的理论意义和经济价值。

米根霉全细胞脂肪酶在化学-酶法环氧化反应体系中的稳定性

为了提高米根霉(Rhizopus oryzae CGMCC 3.5040)全细胞脂肪酶在化学-酶法环氧化反应体系中的稳定性,以α-蒎烯为模式底物,考察柠檬酸三钠用量、戊二醛交联细胞、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))用量和回用方式对催化剂稳定性的影响。结果表明:过氧有机酸会影响酶稳定性,添加3.5 mmol柠檬酸三钠会与质量分数为30%H_(2)O_(2)水溶液形成高渗液,防止细胞涨破,同时能中和过量过氧酸,提高反应选择性与细胞的回用稳定性;经过戊二醛交联后,全细胞催化剂的热稳定性、储存稳定性和回用稳定性都显著提高;蒎烯环氧化的最适H_(2)O_(2)用量为5 mmol;可采用直接分离有机相,再加入新鲜有机相的方式进行回用。优化回用方式后,该全细胞催化剂第7次使用时,催化反应仍然有77.3%的转化率。

重组大肠杆菌全细胞催化法生产N-乙酰神经氨酸

N-乙酰神经氨酸具有多种生物学功能,在食品添加剂和药物合成等方面有着重要的应用。为了降低成本,作者利用重组大肠杆菌,并以含有N-乙酰葡萄糖胺的发酵液为底物进行全细胞催化生产N-乙酰神经氨酸。结果表明,在温度为30℃、转化液初始pH为6.5、底物丙酮酸浓度为1.38 mol/L、Triton X-100添加质量分数为0.4%、菌体OD_(600)为30的条件下在5 L发酵罐等条件下进行全细胞转化,可以得到N-乙酰神经氨酸180 mmol/L,摩尔转化率为65.45%。用阴离子树脂对产物进行初步分离纯化,经高效液相色谱分析证实纯化后产品为高纯度N-乙酰神经氨酸,其纯度为98.3%,结晶回收率为42.5%。作者建立并优化了一种以含有N-乙酰葡萄糖胺的发酵液为底物直接进行全细胞催化生产N-乙酰神经氨酸的工艺流程,既节约了成本,又具有可持续发展的优势。

酿酒酵母表面展示NX1101蛋白酶全细胞催化剂制备火麻多肽

酶解法火麻肽制备具有安全性好、能耗低、营养损失小等优点。研究在综合脱脂火麻仁籽粕蛋白提取以及蛋白水解酶筛选的基础上,以穿梭质粒pYD1为表达载体,将源于牛肠道宏基因组文库中的蛋白水解酶NX1101锚定在酿酒酵母菌株(EYB100)表面,并以此重组菌株作为全细胞催化剂制备火麻多肽。酶学性质分析发现:该全细胞催化剂的最适反应pH值为8.0,在pH 8~10酶活稳定性较高,为耐碱性全细胞催化剂;其最适反应温度50℃,在50℃以下时酶活稳定性较高。脱脂火麻蛋白经表面展示表达NX1101的重组酵母全细胞催化剂酶解后,共获得1095个多肽,其中氨基酸数量≤10的短肽数量达140个。全细胞催化剂酶解效率相较常规酶解技术(以碱性蛋白酶粉剂为对照)增加6.5倍以上。

镉全细胞微生物传感器研究进展

镉全细胞微生物传感器(cadmium whole-cell biosensors,Cd-WCBs)以微生物为载体,利用微生物的调节元件组成模块化基因回路,以实现镉生物有效性的简单、经济和高通量检测.本文概述了基于转录因子和酶生物传感器构建的非特异性Cd-WCBs,以及基于转录因子和荧光共振能量转移构建的特异性Cd-WCBs.本文还总结了Cd-WCBs的基本优化策略,主要包括对识别蛋白进行定向改造或定向进化、利用反馈调控优化基因回路以及改造底盘细胞的金属调控系统.目前,Cd-WCBs已经用于不同环境介质中镉的生物有效性检测,但是其在实际环境中细胞活性,和检测性能仍有待提高.本研究指出未来可通过开发和改造底盘生物来提高传感器的环境适应能力,利用多种合成生物学手段进一步提高传感器的检测灵敏度和特异性.

重组大肠杆菌全细胞转化苹果酸合成丙酮酸

拟建立一条以苹果酸为原料,通过大肠杆菌全细胞转化获得丙酮酸的合成途径。以大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)为宿主,在pET28a上共表达内源的苹果酸酶(ME)和来自博伊丁假丝酵母(Candida boidinii)的醛糖还原酶(AR),并对细胞浓度、底物浓度、温度和pH值等催化关键因素进行研究。共表达后大肠杆菌苹果酸酶和博伊丁假丝酵母醛糖还原酶酶活分别为(2.8±0.21),(3.1±0.34)U/mL。适宜的催化条件为:细胞浓度OD600nm值为30,底物苹果酸质量浓度为30 g/L,木糖和苹果酸物质的量比为1.0,温度为40℃,反应体系pH值为7.8,丙酮酸产量最高可达23.16 g/L。本研究为生物法合成丙酮酸提供了一种新的方法。

重组枯草芽孢杆菌全细胞催化生成L-酪氨酸

目的:本研究构建一株重组枯草芽孢杆菌工程菌,实现以苯酚、丙酮酸和氨为底物全细胞生成L-酪氨酸(L-tyrosine,L-Tyr),并优化其细胞培养条件和催化反应条件,以期提高L-Tyr的产量。方法:将来源于Pantoea agglomerans的酪氨酸酚裂解酶(Tyrosine Phenol-Lyase,TPL)经密码子优化后在枯草芽孢杆菌中异源表达,通过单因素实验优化了重组菌诱导表达条件和全细胞转化条件,旨在提高L-Tyr产量。结果:重组枯草芽孢杆菌在20℃,2.0 g/L木糖诱导培养36 h时TPL活性最高达到4.65±0.15 U·g^(−1),在75 mmol/L苯酚、75 mmol/L丙酮酸钠、487 mmol/L氯化铵、2.0 g/L亚硫酸钠、2.0 g/L EDTA、0.08 g/L磷酸吡哆醛(Pyridoxal Phosphat,PLP)、湿菌体50 g/L、pH=8.0、35℃的全细胞转化条件下,L-Tyr达到9.38 g/L,转化率为73.24%。为了进一步改善高浓度苯酚导致TPL酶活力下降问题,在全细胞转化环节采用分批补料方式,20 h后得到15.12 g/L L-Tyr,转化率为75.51%。结论:研究结果表明重组枯草芽孢杆菌可以成功转化苯酚、丙酮酸钠合成L-酪氨酸,为全细胞生物制备食品级L-酪氨酸提供了理论和技术基础,具有良好的应用前景。

重组地衣芽孢杆菌全细胞转化法制备D-阿洛酮糖

该研究首次在地衣芽孢杆菌中异源表达溶纤瘤胃杆菌H10来源的D-阿洛酮糖3-差向异构酶(D-psicose 3-epimerase, DPE),开拓D-阿洛酮糖生物合成法又一新的表达载体途径。首先,选取不同启动子介导表达该酶,选取表达效果最好的重组菌BL1进行全细胞转化条件和发酵条件的优化。利用优化后的重组菌全细胞转化条件,65℃、反应体系细胞OD_(600)值为2、反应10 min、底物D-果糖100 g/L探索出发酵培养条件,碳源为蔗糖75 g/L、初始pH 7.5、37℃,最终利用全细胞转化方法,65℃、500 g/L D-果糖、反应体系细胞OD_(600)值为30、反应20 min,转化率达30.3%,D-阿洛酮糖产量可达120 g/L,单位酶活力达到33.3 U/mL。采用分4次添加与果糖摩尔质量比为0.4的硼酸至反应体系中的方法,将转化率提高至69.8%。该研究为工业生产D-阿洛酮糖提供一定的参考价值。