Fragmentation and Wholeness in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves

Virginia Woolf’s seventh novel,The Waves,first published by the Hogarth Press in 1931,is widely regarded as her most experimental piece of writing.The complex and elusive structure of the work,the least representational among Woolf’s novels,challenges the reader’s assumptions about the inner and the outer world.In the absence of a substantial story,of a convincing plot and well-defined characters,the reader is called upon to search for a deeper coherence and more profound meanings.Indeed,in The Waves the modernist writer strives for a fresh way of expressing a vision of wholeness in a broken world.The present article attempts to reread Woolf’s self-conscious novel in the double perspective of separation and reunion,of dispersal and recomposition.A close reading of selected passages will show how the poetics of fragmentation and the poetics of wholeness coexist in Woolf’s narrative,pervading the imagery and the symbols of the text.In more than one sense,the dialectic between division and unity,fragmentation and wholeness can be identified as the structuring force of the novel;most tellingly,this textual dynamism is reflected in the oscillatory motion of the waves,continuously breaking and merging.

Vocabulary Teaching in College English Based on the Wholeness Principle of Gestalt Theory

Vocabulary teaching is always a difficulty to English teachers while learners have found the task of accumulating vocabulary time-consuming,boring,and ineffective.This paper intends to explain vocabulary teaching and learning based on the wholeness principle of Gestalt Theory,which emphasizes the wholeness of experience and behaviors.It points out that without an organic whole,the learning process will be incomplete and ineffective.The process of learning is not the accumulation of piecemeal examination of the isolated elements.It is anticipated that the efficiency of classroom teaching and learning can be improved.

Beyond Well-being: The Quest for Wholeness and Purpose in Education

Purpose:This article develops a critique of contemporary understandings and practices related to well-being in education.It proposes a fuller development of wholeness and purpose that supplements and goes beyond the new well-being agenda.Design/Approach/Methods:This article draws upon a document analysis of conceptual and policy frameworks related to well-being.It builds its critique of well-being with reference to a qualitative study consisting of 222 interviews with educators in the Canadian province of Ontario with regard to their understandings of well-being.It includes references to the research and development work in the U.S.,Germany,and Norway.Findings:The inclusion of well-being in policy agendas is an important step forward in the field of educational change,but this indication of progress is in danger of being reified through simplistic understandings of life satisfaction and other frameworks that evade the complexity of human development.Wholeness and purpose are concepts that include but also go beyond well-being that should be addressed by educators.Originality/Value:Most of the criticisms of the new well-being agenda in educational policies and research simply assume its status as a summum bonum for human development.This essay acknowledges the importance of well-being but expands beyond it to define wholeness and purpose as an alternative set of constructs with their own independent integrity that should not simply be subsumed into current well-being agendas.

Educating for Wholeness, but Beyond Competences: Challenges to Key-Competences- Based Education in China

Purpose:This article aims to conduct a critical analysis of key-competences-based education in China today by revealing three main challenges that Chinese educational practitioners,researchers,and policymakers might face.Design/Approach/Methods:Against the backdrop of international and Chinese policy and the practice of key-competences-based education,this article focuses on a critical discourse analysis of this educational movement in China.Findings:China places great emphasis on the personal,cultural,and moral dimensions in generating a framework of competences,paying considerable attention to the well-being of children;hence it currently endeavors to provide a consistent educational framework to educate the young for the all-round development.However,three challenges are salient:the dilemma between Core-Suyang(Core-Competence)and the education for all-round development of the young,the limitations of design of“subject core-competences,”and a lack of consideration of subjectification as purpose of education.Originality/Value:Education which merely focuses on a list of key-competences might not only exclude non-key-competences but also exclude something unforeseen and unknown in the process of educational adventure.It is therefore suggested that a holistic education needs to be engaged in with an encompassing and dynamic view of purpose(s)of education,in which the education for subjectification is at stake in our educational endeavor.

Self-Discovery anda Sense of Wholeness in the Transgressive Auto/biogrAfrical Discourses of African American Women Writers

The paper attempts to explore selected African American women writers'(Zora Neale Hurston,Maya Angelou,Audre Lorde,and Alice Walker)self-discovery,celebration of their selfhood,and sense of wholeness in their auto/biogrAfrical discourses.Instrumental rhetoricity of the autobiographers reflects politicization of black women's struggle,cultural(de)construction,and feminist/womanist(re)construction Instead of fitting into heteronormative discourses and aprocess of cultural assimilation,and of adhering to cultural codes of femininity,these writers transgress traditional norms of behavior Through autobiographical manifestos interwoven with self-defining identity and artistic transgression they powerfully assert notions of collective female agency and embrace their new-found identity as feminist womanistqueer.As an agent of awareness and proclamation,their(except Hurston's)powerful rhetoric is infused with their triple consciousness of being a black woman with African background and cultural pride.They illustrate an interconnectedness of racism and sexism which causes double oppression on black women.They boldly raise racial issues of universal significance,stick to their authentic selves,and reaffirm their agonizing black history/past as they journey toward maturity and wholeness.Their discourses reflect an interweaving of past and present,individual and community,and personal and political changes which lead them toward an esthetic paradigmof wholeness.

J. B. Priestley's Advocacy on Consructing a Harmonious Society in an Inspector CallS

J.B. is one of the most popular writers of the last hundred years and many of his stories have a prophetic quality. His books are full of descriptions of abundant life. Many critics still treasure his great literary works and salute the memory of the remarkable man who wrote them. An Inspector Calls is a play written by English dramatist J. B. Priestley, which is considered to be one of Priestley's best known works for the stage and one of the classics of mid-20th century English theatre. In the play, Priestley advocates to restore the wholeness of the community and construct a harmonious society fit for people to live in. This article will analyze why he advocates it and what are the possible ways to achieve it in the eco-feminism view.

The Structural Characteristics of Side-Opening Costumes during the Republic Period of China

The structural characteristics of Chinese side-opening costumes during the Republic Period of China were investigated.By measuring and recovering the physical structures of side-opening costume objects from the Folk Costumes Biography Museum of Jiangnan University,three structural characteristics were analyzed.These structural characteristics show that most of the side-opening costumes during the Republic Period of China remain traditional Chinese costume structures.The general structural characteristics of side-opening costumes are concluded and the structural cutting methods can inspire current designs as well as provide useful references for contemporary fashion designers.

Coherent Urban Complexity: The Issue of Architectural Control, the Case of Bole-Medhanialem Commercial Corridor, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

The city of Addis Ababa,the capital of Ethiopia is experiencing tremendous changes,spatial as well as social and economic.The urban transformation of the city has shifted towards fragmented urban fabrics which fall short of coherent integration and enclosure of urban spaces for social interaction.This research evaluates recent commercial corridors of the city with regard to currently employed design regulations and guidelines.The paper reports findings of a site investigation,describes the emerging urban characteristics of Addis Ababa and the factors leading up to such urban form.The paper emphasizes on the importance of employing architectural limits on local design standards as they offer potential to achieve a coherent urban"whole".

Body Image Disturbance and Dissatisfaction, Scorn and Stigma in Severely Obese Individuals, a Case-Control Study

Background: The obesity rate is rising. The aims of this study were to elucidate the connection among body image disturbance and dissatisfaction, scorn and stigma in severely obese individuals using a case-control method. Method: The study group consisted of 112 individuals receiving permanent disability pensions primarily for obesity. The controls were selected by random sampling. The controls were matched with the subjects by place of residence, gender, age, the time since the pension was granted and occupation. Psychiatric interviews and psychological assessments were conducted with all participants. The results were analyzed via chi-squared tests (χ2-tests) and percent distributions. The subject and control groups were compared via paired t-tests. Conditional logistic regression analysis was also conducted. Results: In the Draw a Person test, we found disorganization of the body image to some degree in the subject group. Some significant differences were found between the Machover index and the wholeness index. The Rorschach variables obtained some differences in the responses between the subject and control groups. Obesity was a problem in all age groups. In the study group, half of the participants thought that they were obese. Most of the participants had endured scorn and contempt directed at them due to being overweight. Conclusions: We believe that our study provides a novel and necessary overview of the connection among body image disturbance and dissatisfaction, scorn and stigma.

Angela's Healing through Native American Culture

In House Made of Down, N. Scott. Momaday tries to show readers the revitalizing power of Native American culture forpeople whose sense of wholeness is fragmented from their confrontation with the destabilizing forces within the modern world. Somepsychological, ecological and philosophical ideas are applied to study the story of Angela, a white woman, who experiences a trans-formative healing and return to wholeness when she is immersed into Native American culture. When studied carefully, Angela'sstory reveals that the healing power of Native American traditions cross gender and races and are available to all people.

Articulating Consciousness:Brentano and Husserl on Descriptive Analysis

The paper aims at reconstructing the conception of descriptive analysis shared by Brentano and the early Husserl.According to this shared conception,the descriptive analysis consists in the articulation of the multi-layered part-whole structure of consciousness.Focusing on the problem of intentional reference,the paper shows how they make different distinctions among parts of consciousness to carry out the descriptive analyses thus defined.Further,it shows how such a difference is closely connected to the two philosophers'views on the nature of intentional reference.