Analysis of Consumers' Willingness to Pay for Traceable Fresh Fruits in Shanghai City and Countermeasures

By the survey of consumers' behaviour of purchasing fresh fruits, this paper researches the group characteristics of people who consume traceable fresh fruits, and analyses the main factors influencing consumers' willingness to purchase. Based on this, corresponding proposals are put forward as follows: first, the government should not only focus on supervision and regulation over food security, but also strengthen the education of food security knowledge, publicity and promotion of traceable system; second, the government and related enterprise should particularly pay attention to the impact of consumers' individual characteristics on willingness to purchase and purchase behaviours, and work out feasible strategy of traceable food marketing, according to consumers' preferences, consumers' attention to health, consumers' attention to the healthy growth of children and other factors; finally, when implementing the system, the state and the government should take into full account the average income level of consumers, give full play to the effect of scale merit, and work out the reasonable price that can be accepted by most of consumers.

Preference and Willingness of Consumers to Pay for Value-added Poultry Products in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria

There has been a steady growth in demand for convenience and ready-cooked food has influenced the interest of poultry processors in developing value-added chicken products that meet consumers＇ demand/choice. A conjoint analysis was done in this study on the survey of 975 chicken consumers in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, between March and September, 2014 to valuate consumers, preferences and willingness to pay （WTP） for various chicken attributed parts, production method, processing method, storage method, the presence of flavor and cooking method. The estimates of consumers, WTP premium prices for various mixtures of value-added characteristics were ascertained. The consumers preferred chicken products refrigerated, from chicken produced under free-range management, chicken breast, chicken product that was addictive and flavor free, which could be oven-heated or pan heated. One half of the entire respondents were willing to pay about 25% more for value-added chicken product over the price for conventional products. On the whole, a premium for value-added chicken products was more likely to be paid for by young consumers, consumers who patronized farmers＇ markets and preferred free-range or organic chicken products. WTP by consumers was negatively affected by price of products. The poultry industry could utilize combined knowledge of consumers＇ WTP for value-added chicken product price as a guide of develop innovative value-added chicken products.

Discovering Niche Market： Consumer Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Organic Pork

With the concern for environmental quality and food safety, organic food products are becoming more important in the global market. In recent years the organic food industry has been expanding and sales of organic products have been increasing. Abundant studies have been done focusing on organic fruits and vegetables which focused on the shortage of organic live stocks. In this paper we focus our attention on organic pork products. Using a sample of 400 Thais consumers, this study proposes the contingent valuation （CV） technique to measure the willingness of individuals to pay a price premium for organic pork in Thailand. In order to obtain the mean ＂willingness to pay＂ （WTP）, a bivariate probit model was applied to provide information about the crucial variables that affect the WTP. The study revealed that variables that better approximate WTP are based on the lifestyle and knowledge about organic foods rather than the usual socioeconomic factors. The mean WTP on the premium price for organic pork is approximately 34.30 Bath per kg. In order to access the market potential this study shows that the suitable attributes of organic pork which is consistent with consumer preferences are composed of modernized and environmental packaging with special product details. Marketing this product to the buyer it should be set at a reasonable price. Stimulating the market should be done by doing sales promotion and public relations on a regularly basis. In addition, organic pork should be available in any places and convenient for customers to buy.

Consumers’ Awareness of Genetically Modified Food and Their Willingness to Buy in Yanbian Prefecture

Having a clear understanding of consumers' awareness of genetically modified food and their willingness to buy, plays a very important role in formulating the regulatory policy of genetically modified food and regulating the market of genetically modified food. This paper takes the supermarket consumers as the study object. Through on-site questionnaire survey, we find that consumers' awareness of genetically modified food is not high in Yanbian Prefecture, and their willingness to buy is also low; the prices of genetically modified food, consumers' income, educational level and so on, are the main factors that affect the willingness to buy. Based on this, we put forth the relevant recommendations: increasing publicity efforts to safeguard consumers' right to know and choose; increasing supervision efforts to improve the existing regulatory system of genetically modified food; actively organizing forces to carry out the study on safety of genetically modified food.

How Environmental Attitudes Affect Consumers’Willingness to Engage in Green Consumption Behaviors:The Moderating Role of“Plastic Restriction”

Consumers’willingness to engage in green consumption behavior will be guided by internal psychological factors and also influenced by external environmental factors.One of the most common external interventions is the issuance of scientific policies and regulations.The government may introduce policies and regulations that help to increase the willingness of green consumption behavior,such as energy-saving and emission reduction policies and policies to restrict plastic products.In this paper,the authors study the mechanism of the effect of environmental attitudes on consumers’willingness to engage in green consumption behavior from the perspective of“plastic restriction”,and conclude that the magnitude of the effect of policies and regulations on the willingness to engage in green consumption behavior varies significantly at different levels of environmental attitudes.This study provides scientific implementation ideas and targeted management suggestions for the government to formulate effective external intervention policies for green consumption.

Research on English Majors＇ Willingness to Communicate Inside Classroom

As a new affective variable in the field of L2 （Second Language） Acquisition, the study of WTC （Willingness to Communicate） has attracted widespread attention since the 1990s, which is not only an effective way to promote language learning but also an important language target itself. Based on the data got from the questionnaire, the present study intends to explore the level, gender difference, correlation with academic .performance, and influencing factors of English majors＇ WTC inside classroom using both quantitative and qualitative research method. The results reveal that English majors＇ WTC inside classroom is comparatively high; there is no significant gender difference in English majors＇ WTC inside classroom, and there is significant positive correlation between WTC inside classroom and academic achievement; furthermore, language capacity, language anxiety, and communicative atmosphere are the main influencing factors

Consumer confidence and consumers’ preferences for infant formulas in China

A series of safety incidents related to domestically-produced infant formulas(DIFs) almost destroyed Chinese consumer confidence in domestic dairy products. Understanding consumer confidence and its effect on consumption behavior is important to restore consumer confidence and enhance the competitiveness of domestic dairy industry. This article first measures Chinese consumer confidence in DIFs safety using a two-dimension scale(optimism and pessimism) and then investigates its effect on consumers’ preferences for DIFs through a choice experiment. Involving 450 consumers residing in Beijing, Tianjin and Shijiazhuang, the experiment elicited information on their preferences for DIFs with six attributes(organic raw milk, farm-to-table traceability, region of origin, quality certification, animal welfare, and price). Our analysis yields four findings. First, Chinese consumers still lack confidence in DIFs safety. Second, quality certification is the most preferred product characteristic, followed by organic raw milk and farm-to-table traceability. Third, serving as a signal of high quality, price exerts a positive impact on choices of DIFs for pessimistic consumers. Finally, consumer preferences for farm-to-table traceability and region of origin are significantly influenced by consumer confidence.

Consumers’experiences and preferences for plant-based meat food:Evidence from a choice experiment in four cities of China

This paper examined consumers’experiences in and preferences for plant-based meat(PBM)food and their respective correlates,based on data from an online survey of 579 consumers in four major cities in China in early 2021.We first described consumers’experiences in consuming and purchasing PBM food and their correlates,and then analyzed consumer preferences using hypothetical choice experiment.The experiment offered consumers various options to purchase burgers made from PBM or animal-based meat(ABM),combined with different countries of origin(COO),taste labels,and prices.Our data showed that respondents hold overall positive attitudes toward PBM food;85 and 82%of respondents reported experience in eating and purchasing PBM food,respectively.More than half of them ate PBM food because they wanted to try new food(58%),or were interested in healthy food(56%).Income,religion,and dietary restrictions were significantly correlated with consumers’experiences in PBM food consumption.Results from the Random Parameter Logit Model based on the hypothetical choice experiment data showed that 79%of respondents chose PBM burgers and were willing to pay an average of 88 CNY for a PBM burger.We also found that 99.8 and 83%of respondents are willing to buy burgers made in China and those with a taste label,with a willingness to pay(WTP)of 208 and 120 CNY,respectively.The heterogeneity test revealed that females and those with at least a bachelor’s degree,higher income,religious beliefs,and dietary restrictions are more likely to buy PBM burgers than their counterparts.

森林康养消费意愿—行为与服务质量期望—感知调查及差距分析

基于对森林康养实际消费者问卷调查,发现森林康养消费者消费意愿—行为差距和森林康养服务质量期望—感知差距,根据差距分析提出以需求为导向的森林康养供给侧改革方向。研究表明,森林康养消费意愿强烈,森林康养潜在市场空间巨大,在消费次数、消费金额和消费时长等方面均远未达到消费者的预期,可以成为森林康养产业发展的增长点。配套设施、管理服务的期望—感知差距最大,因此,完善配套设施、提升管理服务成为森林康养项目重点改进方向。应从丰富自然资源多样性着手减少自然生态类因素的期望—感知差距,提高康养项目体验性与多样性,为消费者提供高性价比的森林康养产品,重点提升消费者的身心愉悦感。

特色小众水果消费者意愿及影响因素研究——基于特色水果黄皮的调查

以特色水果黄皮为研究对象,构建价值感知、偏好对消费意愿的影响模型,结果显示,价值感知(包括功能价值、文化价值、创新价值)正向影响消费者偏好和消费意愿;消费者偏好正向影响消费意愿,且在价值感知(功能价值、文化价值、创新价值)和消费意愿间起着部分中介作用。基于研究结论、结合实际,提出了促进特色水果黄皮发展的对策建议。

基于选择实验的消费者对低碳牛奶偏好及支付意愿研究

分析消费者对低碳农产品的偏好及偏好异质性来源,是引导消费者进行低碳消费,进而实现碳减排目标的基石。本研究对低碳牛奶设置了低碳标签、有机认证、知名品牌和价格4种属性及相应的水平,应用选择实验法并结合随机参数Logit模型与潜在类别模型的研究方法,探究消费者对低碳牛奶的偏好及偏好的异质性来源。结果表明:消费者对不同牛奶属性的关注程度不同,在选购牛奶时,消费者最注重是有机认证,其次是低碳标签和牛奶品牌。将消费者划分为3种潜在类别,分别为环境保护偏好型、质量安全偏好型和价格敏感型。个体特征对消费者偏好具有显著影响,年龄越小、收入水平越高的女性消费者更注重环境保护,而年龄越大、牛奶购买越频繁的消费者更注重质量安全。因此,提出积极地开展低碳牛奶的媒体宣传活动、把握消费者偏好增加低碳牛奶的品类、实施差异化营销策略和加快低碳农产品认证体系建设等政策建议。

基于顾客认知的新能源汽车购买意愿影响因素研究

为提高新能源汽车顾客认知度,推动产业发展。从顾客认知视角,首先建立包含感知易用等8个潜变量的模型并提出假设,然后通过因子分析验证影响因素设计的合理性,最后利用相关性分析和多元线性回归方法验证了初始假设模型的可行性。研究结果表明,感知易用、感知娱乐、服务质量、品牌口碑、营销策略正向影响消费意愿,其中,营销策略影响程度最大,其影响因子为0.417;感知成本、感知风险反向影响消费意愿,其中,感知风险影响程度较大,其影响因子为0.905。

新零售模式下生鲜电商平台消费者购买意愿影响研究——基于感知价值的中介作用

以技术接受和使用整合模型2(UTAUT2)和感知价值采纳模型(VAM)理论为基础,分析535份调研数据,实证检验了新零售模式下生鲜电商平台消费者购买意愿的影响因素。结果表明:享乐动机是影响消费者购买意愿的重要因素,其次是感知价值、努力期望,最后是社会影响。享乐动机、努力期望与便利条件对消费者感知价值均具有显著正向影响,且影响依次减弱;与此同时,感知价值在享乐动机、努力期望与便利条件对消费者购买意愿起到中介作用;享乐动机与努力期望均对消费者绩效期望产生影响,但绩效期望对消费者感知价值的影响不显著。据此,生鲜电商平台应提高精细化运营能力,打造全天候消费体验,提高平台功能效率,注重口碑营销,完善溯源机制,提高消费感知价值,进而提高消费者购买意愿。

社区支持农业情境下亲子研学动机对CSA产品消费意愿影响机制研究

基于广州和深圳两市447份亲子家庭问卷数据,构建中介效应模型并予以验证,结果显示:CSA课程需求、社交需求均正向影响CSA产品消费意愿。进一步分析表明:亲子研学活动参与意愿在CSA课程需求及社交需求对CSA产品消费意愿的影响机制中均起部分中介作用。兼顾CSA课程需求、社交需求的农场亲子研学活动可成为连接CSA城乡交流、提升CSA产品消费意愿的有效载体。

网络零售环境下物流服务能力对消费者支付意愿的影响

随着我国网络信息技术的不断发展,人们已认可了网络零售服务模式。但从成本分析及客户需求视角来进行理解,物流服务中的物流速度并不是越快越好。此外,对网络零售投诉中退换货环节服务机率非常高,在很大程度上导致消费者对其服务不满。为此,需分析不同商品消费者对物流服务需求所表现出的差异性,以及网络零售环境下的物流服务能力对消费者支付意愿的影响,解决网络零售商及物流服务企业吸引消费者力度不足的问题。

消费者敌意、自我效能与旅游意愿——基于对青少年出境旅游市场的实证研究

国家间的争议和冲突通常会引起两国消费者的敌意情绪,并最终诉诸于消费者的抗议、抵制和拒绝购买来自敌意国的产品。旅游作为一种特殊而重要的产品形式,鲜有研究关注消费者敌意对旅游意愿的影响。该研究以216名中国青少年消费者为研究样本,引入自我效能作为中介变量和性别作为调节变量,探讨了消费者敌意对旅游意愿的影响及作用机制。结果表明:消费者敌意对中国青少年赴日旅游意愿具有显著的负向影响;自我效能在消费者敌意和旅游意愿的关系中起着中介作用;消费者敌意对自我效能的作用强度存在性别差异,男性青少年的消费者敌意对自我效能的影响程度更强。该研究对相关营销实践者、企业及政府部门在政策制定及危机公关时具有一定的启示。

食品质量安全问题的经济学思考

从经济学角度对现代食品质量安全问题进行了多层面分析 ,从其外在表现、特点、影响、发生机理到相关理论 ,初步建立了一个分析框架 ,从中得出的基本结论是 ,食品质量安全问题是现代生产和消费方式的产物 ,政府进行公共管理的目标应该是食品风险最小化。通过维护市场公正以及提供相关信息改变消费者支付意愿 。

消费者知识对我国信用卡创新扩散的影响研究

近年来,我国信用卡的发卡量增长迅速。但据资料显示,我国目前信用卡的使用率相当低。文章从消费者知识的角度,结合产品创新扩散属性,对不断创新的信用卡进行研究,讨论消费者对信用卡的认识程度与熟悉程度,即消费者知识对信用卡的创新属性感知与消费者创新信用卡的使用意愿间关系的影响,更深入地剖析消费者信用卡使用的根本原因,为提升我国信用卡的使用率,提高消费者信用卡使用的效率提供一定的理论思路,并期望能对现有消费者创新行为研究的理论框架有所贡献。

政府补贴下低碳与普通产品制造商竞争研究

基于消费者的购买意愿,建立了两阶段博弈模型.基于此博弈模型,比较了政府补贴给低碳产品制造企业和政府补贴给购买低碳产品的消费者两种情形.分析了政府补贴对低碳产品生产企业、普通产品生产企业和零售商决策变量的影响.同时,对比分析了不同情形下两种产品的销售量及生产企业和零售商的利润.研究表明,政府补贴有利于低碳产品生产企业的发展.另外相较于直接补贴消费者,政府补贴低碳产品生产企业更有利于低碳产品生产企业的发展.

超市业态下有机农产品消费需求实证分析

【目的】对南宁市消费者在超市业态下购买有机农产品意愿的影响因素进行调查分析,为促进有机农产品营销模式的优化提供理论参考。【方法】对南宁市有机农产品的消费市场需求进行抽样调查,分析不同消费个体的特性,并建立Logit回归模型,分析各影响因素与消费者在超市购买有机农产品的相关程度。【结果】超市有机农产品的购买意愿受消费者家庭月收入、对有机农产品评级的信任程度以及对超市经营有机农产品认可程度的影响最大;同时,消费者的首选农产品消费场所、家庭中是否有老人或小孩成员也是重要影响因素;而年龄、受教育程度、对自身健康的关注程度、对有机农产品的了解程度等因素对被解释变量的影响较小。【建议】通过加强质量监管力度、实现规模经营、降低产销成本、多种途径完善超市有机农产品销售模式等手段促进超市业态下有机农产品的发展。