We investigate the exact results for circular 1/4 and 1/2 BPS Wilson loops in the d = 3 N = 4 super Chern-Simons-matter theory that could be obtained by orbifolding Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena （ABJM） theory. ...We investigate the exact results for circular 1/4 and 1/2 BPS Wilson loops in the d = 3 N = 4 super Chern-Simons-matter theory that could be obtained by orbifolding Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena （ABJM） theory. The partition function of the Af = 4 orbifold ABJM theory has been computed previously in the literature. In this paper, we re-derive it using a slightly different method. We calculate the vacuum expectation values of the circular 1/4 BPS Wilson loops in fundamental representation and of circular 1/2 BPS Wilson loops in arbitrary representations. We use both the saddle point approach and Fermi gas approach. The results for Wilson loops are in accord with the available gravity results.展开更多
In this paper, a minimal surface in q-deformed AdS5 × S5 with a cusp boundary is studied in detail. This minimal surface is dual to a cusped Wilson loop in dual field theory. We find that the area of the minimal ...In this paper, a minimal surface in q-deformed AdS5 × S5 with a cusp boundary is studied in detail. This minimal surface is dual to a cusped Wilson loop in dual field theory. We find that the area of the minimal surface has both logarithmic squared divergence and logarithmic divergence. The logarithmic squared divergence cannot be removed by either Legendre transformation or the usual geometric subtraction. We further make an analytic continuation to the Minkowski signature, taking the limit such that the two edges of the cusp become light-like, and extract the anomalous dimension from the coefficient of the logarithmic divergence. This anomalous dimension goes back smoothly to the results in the undeformed case when we take the limit that the deformation parameter goes to zero展开更多
The random phase approximation is applied to the coupled-cluster expansions of lattice gauge theory (LGT). Using this method, wavefunctions are approximated by linear combination of graphs consisting of only one conne...The random phase approximation is applied to the coupled-cluster expansions of lattice gauge theory (LGT). Using this method, wavefunctions are approximated by linear combination of graphs consisting of only one connected Wilson loop. We study the excited state energy and wavefunction in (2+1)-D SU(3) LGT up to the third order. The glueball mass shows a good scaling behavior.展开更多
We investigate the topological properties of a trimerized parity–time(PT)symmetric non-Hermitian rhombic lattice.Although the system is PT-symmetric,the topology is not inherited from the Hermitian lattice;in contras...We investigate the topological properties of a trimerized parity–time(PT)symmetric non-Hermitian rhombic lattice.Although the system is PT-symmetric,the topology is not inherited from the Hermitian lattice;in contrast,the topology can be altered by the non-Hermiticity and depends on the couplings between the sublattices.The bulk–boundary correspondence is valid and the Bloch bulk captures the band topology.Topological edge states present in the two band gaps and are predicted from the global Zak phase obtained through the Wilson loop approach.In addition,the anomalous edge states compactly localize within two diamond plaquettes at the boundaries when all bands are flat at the exceptional point of the lattice.Our findings reveal the topological properties of the𝒫PT-symmetric non-Hermitian rhombic lattice and shed light on the investigation of multi-band non-Hermitian topological phases.展开更多
In this study,we compute the correlation functions of Wilson(-'t Hooft)loops with chiral primary operators in the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with SO(N)gauge symmetry,which has a holographic dual descript...In this study,we compute the correlation functions of Wilson(-'t Hooft)loops with chiral primary operators in the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with SO(N)gauge symmetry,which has a holographic dual description of the Type IIB superstring theory on the AdS_(5)×Rp^(5)background.Specifically,we compute the coefficients of the chiral primary operators in the operator product expansion of Wilson loops in the fundamental representation,Wilson-'t Hooft loops in the symmetric representation,Wilson loops in the anti-fundamental representation,and Wilson loops in the spinor representation.We also compare these results to those of the N=4 SU(N)super Yang-Mills theory.展开更多
Calculation of disconnected quark loops in lattice QCD is very time consuming.Stochastic noise methods are generally used to estimate these loops.However,stochastic estimation gives large errors in the calculations of...Calculation of disconnected quark loops in lattice QCD is very time consuming.Stochastic noise methods are generally used to estimate these loops.However,stochastic estimation gives large errors in the calculations of disconnected diagrams.We use the symmetric multi-probing source(SMP)method to estimate the disconnected quark loops,and compare the results with the Z(2)noise method and the spin-color explicit(SCE)method on a quenched lattice QCD ensemble with lattice volume 12^3×24 and lattice spacing a≈0.1 fm.The results show that the SMP method is very suitable for the calculation of pseudoscalar disconnected quark loops.However,the SMP and SCE methods do not have an obvious advantage over the Z(2)noise method in the evaluation of the scalar disconnected loops.展开更多
The main aspects of a gauge-invariant approach to the description of quark dynamics in the nonperturbative regime of quantum chromodynamics （QC, D） are first reviewed. The role of the parallel transport operation in...The main aspects of a gauge-invariant approach to the description of quark dynamics in the nonperturbative regime of quantum chromodynamics （QC, D） are first reviewed. The role of the parallel transport operation in constructing gauge-invariant Green＇s functions is then presented, and the relevance of Wilson loops for the representation of the interaction is emphmsized. Recent developments, based on the use of polygonal lines for the parallel transport operation, are presented. An integro-differential equation, obtained for the qua.rk Green＇s function defined with a phase factor along a single, straight line segment, is solved exactly and analytically in the case of two-dimensional QCD in the large-Nc, limit. The solution displays the dynamical mass generation phenomenon for quarks, with an infinite number of branch-cut singularities that are stronger than simple poles.展开更多
基金Supported by NSFC(11222549,11575202)K.C.Wong Education FoundationYouth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2011016)
文摘We investigate the exact results for circular 1/4 and 1/2 BPS Wilson loops in the d = 3 N = 4 super Chern-Simons-matter theory that could be obtained by orbifolding Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena （ABJM） theory. The partition function of the Af = 4 orbifold ABJM theory has been computed previously in the literature. In this paper, we re-derive it using a slightly different method. We calculate the vacuum expectation values of the circular 1/4 BPS Wilson loops in fundamental representation and of circular 1/2 BPS Wilson loops in arbitrary representations. We use both the saddle point approach and Fermi gas approach. The results for Wilson loops are in accord with the available gravity results.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11105154,11222549,11275207)K.C.Wong Education Foundation and Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS
文摘In this paper, a minimal surface in q-deformed AdS5 × S5 with a cusp boundary is studied in detail. This minimal surface is dual to a cusped Wilson loop in dual field theory. We find that the area of the minimal surface has both logarithmic squared divergence and logarithmic divergence. The logarithmic squared divergence cannot be removed by either Legendre transformation or the usual geometric subtraction. We further make an analytic continuation to the Minkowski signature, taking the limit such that the two edges of the cusp become light-like, and extract the anomalous dimension from the coefficient of the logarithmic divergence. This anomalous dimension goes back smoothly to the results in the undeformed case when we take the limit that the deformation parameter goes to zero
文摘The random phase approximation is applied to the coupled-cluster expansions of lattice gauge theory (LGT). Using this method, wavefunctions are approximated by linear combination of graphs consisting of only one connected Wilson loop. We study the excited state energy and wavefunction in (2+1)-D SU(3) LGT up to the third order. The glueball mass shows a good scaling behavior.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants Nos.11975128 and 11874225).
文摘We investigate the topological properties of a trimerized parity–time(PT)symmetric non-Hermitian rhombic lattice.Although the system is PT-symmetric,the topology is not inherited from the Hermitian lattice;in contrast,the topology can be altered by the non-Hermiticity and depends on the couplings between the sublattices.The bulk–boundary correspondence is valid and the Bloch bulk captures the band topology.Topological edge states present in the two band gaps and are predicted from the global Zak phase obtained through the Wilson loop approach.In addition,the anomalous edge states compactly localize within two diamond plaquettes at the boundaries when all bands are flat at the exceptional point of the lattice.Our findings reveal the topological properties of the𝒫PT-symmetric non-Hermitian rhombic lattice and shed light on the investigation of multi-band non-Hermitian topological phases.
基金Supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11975164,11935009)Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin(20JCYBJC00910,20JCQNJC02030)。
文摘In this study,we compute the correlation functions of Wilson(-'t Hooft)loops with chiral primary operators in the N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with SO(N)gauge symmetry,which has a holographic dual description of the Type IIB superstring theory on the AdS_(5)×Rp^(5)background.Specifically,we compute the coefficients of the chiral primary operators in the operator product expansion of Wilson loops in the fundamental representation,Wilson-'t Hooft loops in the symmetric representation,Wilson loops in the anti-fundamental representation,and Wilson loops in the spinor representation.We also compare these results to those of the N=4 SU(N)super Yang-Mills theory.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(11335001)
文摘Calculation of disconnected quark loops in lattice QCD is very time consuming.Stochastic noise methods are generally used to estimate these loops.However,stochastic estimation gives large errors in the calculations of disconnected diagrams.We use the symmetric multi-probing source(SMP)method to estimate the disconnected quark loops,and compare the results with the Z(2)noise method and the spin-color explicit(SCE)method on a quenched lattice QCD ensemble with lattice volume 12^3×24 and lattice spacing a≈0.1 fm.The results show that the SMP method is very suitable for the calculation of pseudoscalar disconnected quark loops.However,the SMP and SCE methods do not have an obvious advantage over the Z(2)noise method in the evaluation of the scalar disconnected loops.
文摘The main aspects of a gauge-invariant approach to the description of quark dynamics in the nonperturbative regime of quantum chromodynamics （QC, D） are first reviewed. The role of the parallel transport operation in constructing gauge-invariant Green＇s functions is then presented, and the relevance of Wilson loops for the representation of the interaction is emphmsized. Recent developments, based on the use of polygonal lines for the parallel transport operation, are presented. An integro-differential equation, obtained for the qua.rk Green＇s function defined with a phase factor along a single, straight line segment, is solved exactly and analytically in the case of two-dimensional QCD in the large-Nc, limit. The solution displays the dynamical mass generation phenomenon for quarks, with an infinite number of branch-cut singularities that are stronger than simple poles.
