Energy harvesting plays a crucial role in modern society.In the past years,solar energy,owing to its renewable,green,and infinite attributes,has attracted increasing attention across a broad range of applications from...Energy harvesting plays a crucial role in modern society.In the past years,solar energy,owing to its renewable,green,and infinite attributes,has attracted increasing attention across a broad range of applications from small-scale wearable electronics to large-scale energy powering.However,the utility of solar cells in providing a stable power supply for vari-ous electrical appliances in practical applications is restricted by weather conditions.To address this issue,researchers have made many efforts to integrate solar cells with other types of energy harvesters,thus developing hybrid energy har-vesters(HEHs),which can harvest energy from the ambient environment via different working mechanisms.In this re-view,four categories of energy harvesters including solar cells,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs),piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs),and thermoelectric generators(TEGs)are introduced.In addition,we systematically summar-ize the recent progress in solar cell-based hybrid energy harvesters(SCHEHs)with a focus on their structure designs and the corresponding applications.Three hybridization designs through unique combinations of TENG,PENG,and TEG with solar cells are elaborated in detail.Finally,the main challenges and perspectives for the future development of SCHEHs are discussed.展开更多
Figure of merit analysis is a general methodology used to evaluate whether a hybrid power plant could produce more power than two stand-alone power plants. In this paper, the assessment methodology using figure of mer...Figure of merit analysis is a general methodology used to evaluate whether a hybrid power plant could produce more power than two stand-alone power plants. In this paper, the assessment methodology using figure of merit analysis was re-examined for a hybrid solar-geothermal power plant. A new definition of the figure of merit was introduced specifically for a solar boosted geothermal plant to include both the technical and economic factors. The new definition was then applied in a case study of a hypothetical demonstration hybrid solar-geothermal power plant in Australia. The power plant was considered to have a typical net power output of 2.2 MW with a solar energy fraction of 27%. The analysis was performed to compare the power output and capital cost of the hybrid plant with the state-of-the-art (SoA) and existing stand-alone solar and geothermal plants. Based on the new definition, the hybrid plant was found to generally outperform the two existing stand-alone plants. Moreover, at an ambient temperature of 5 °C, the hybrid plant was found to outperform the SoA stand-alone plants when the geothermal temperature was greater than 150 °C. For geothermal temperature of 180 °C on the other hand, the hybrid plant outperformed the SoA stand-alone plants at ambient temperatures lower than 33 °C.展开更多
混合式发电系统是可再生能源高效利用的主要技术,能流的匹配特性是提高系统发电稳定性和效率的关键。围绕西藏当雄地区的太阳能和地热能资源特征,提出太阳能加热地热水产生高压蒸汽协同地热饱和蒸汽驱动汽轮机发电,而低温地热水驱动有...混合式发电系统是可再生能源高效利用的主要技术,能流的匹配特性是提高系统发电稳定性和效率的关键。围绕西藏当雄地区的太阳能和地热能资源特征,提出太阳能加热地热水产生高压蒸汽协同地热饱和蒸汽驱动汽轮机发电,而低温地热水驱动有机朗肯循环的混合式发电系统。构建了系统的热力学模型,分析了设计工况下系统的热力性能,探究了地热水温度、流量和太阳能辐射强度(direct normal irradiance,DNI)对系统性能的影响。提出系统全工况运行策略,探讨系统在典型日不同时段的热力性能表现。结果表明:系统的净输出功率和热效率随DNI的增加而上升,但是系统(火用)效率下降。设计工况系统的热效率为14.66%;系统(火用)效率为27.52%,太阳能集热器(火用)损失达45.4%。夏季和秋季典型日储热时段,高、低压汽轮机载荷因子分别高于0.94和0.95。当系统仅由地热能驱动时,热效率降低至12.08%。该研究可为太阳能与地热能混合式发电系统的设计和运行提供参考。展开更多
Energy harvesting and power transmission is a significant challenge for the self-powered technologies towards mobile electronic devices.Here,we propose a hybridized energy harvester to complement each other's stren...Energy harvesting and power transmission is a significant challenge for the self-powered technologies towards mobile electronic devices.Here,we propose a hybridized energy harvester to complement each other's strengths for simultaneously scavenging multiple types of energy and then wirelessly transmit the power.The harvester consists of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units for collecting rotational energy and a commercial water-proof flexible solar cell.At a rotation rate of 500 rpm,the output current of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units can reach about 630 mA through energy management.Moreover,the power harvested by hybridized energy harvester can be wirelessly transmitted up to a distance of about 100 cm in real time to charge mobile phone,anemometer,and hygrometer based on self-resonant coils.The hybridized energy harvester with wireless power transmission has potential applications in large-scale energy collection,long-distance wireless power transmission and sustainably driving mobile electronic devices.展开更多
基金We are grateful for financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft(DFG,German Research Foundation)via Germany’s Excellence Strategy-EXC 2089/1-390776260(e-conversion)and via the International Research Training Group 2022 the Alberta/Technical University of Munich International Graduate School for Environmentally Responsible Functional Materials(ATUMS),TUM.
文摘Energy harvesting plays a crucial role in modern society.In the past years,solar energy,owing to its renewable,green,and infinite attributes,has attracted increasing attention across a broad range of applications from small-scale wearable electronics to large-scale energy powering.However,the utility of solar cells in providing a stable power supply for vari-ous electrical appliances in practical applications is restricted by weather conditions.To address this issue,researchers have made many efforts to integrate solar cells with other types of energy harvesters,thus developing hybrid energy har-vesters(HEHs),which can harvest energy from the ambient environment via different working mechanisms.In this re-view,four categories of energy harvesters including solar cells,triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs),piezoelectric nanogenerators(PENGs),and thermoelectric generators(TEGs)are introduced.In addition,we systematically summar-ize the recent progress in solar cell-based hybrid energy harvesters(SCHEHs)with a focus on their structure designs and the corresponding applications.Three hybridization designs through unique combinations of TENG,PENG,and TEG with solar cells are elaborated in detail.Finally,the main challenges and perspectives for the future development of SCHEHs are discussed.
文摘Figure of merit analysis is a general methodology used to evaluate whether a hybrid power plant could produce more power than two stand-alone power plants. In this paper, the assessment methodology using figure of merit analysis was re-examined for a hybrid solar-geothermal power plant. A new definition of the figure of merit was introduced specifically for a solar boosted geothermal plant to include both the technical and economic factors. The new definition was then applied in a case study of a hypothetical demonstration hybrid solar-geothermal power plant in Australia. The power plant was considered to have a typical net power output of 2.2 MW with a solar energy fraction of 27%. The analysis was performed to compare the power output and capital cost of the hybrid plant with the state-of-the-art (SoA) and existing stand-alone solar and geothermal plants. Based on the new definition, the hybrid plant was found to generally outperform the two existing stand-alone plants. Moreover, at an ambient temperature of 5 °C, the hybrid plant was found to outperform the SoA stand-alone plants when the geothermal temperature was greater than 150 °C. For geothermal temperature of 180 °C on the other hand, the hybrid plant outperformed the SoA stand-alone plants at ambient temperatures lower than 33 °C.
文摘混合式发电系统是可再生能源高效利用的主要技术,能流的匹配特性是提高系统发电稳定性和效率的关键。围绕西藏当雄地区的太阳能和地热能资源特征,提出太阳能加热地热水产生高压蒸汽协同地热饱和蒸汽驱动汽轮机发电,而低温地热水驱动有机朗肯循环的混合式发电系统。构建了系统的热力学模型,分析了设计工况下系统的热力性能,探究了地热水温度、流量和太阳能辐射强度(direct normal irradiance,DNI)对系统性能的影响。提出系统全工况运行策略,探讨系统在典型日不同时段的热力性能表现。结果表明:系统的净输出功率和热效率随DNI的增加而上升,但是系统(火用)效率下降。设计工况系统的热效率为14.66%;系统(火用)效率为27.52%,太阳能集热器(火用)损失达45.4%。夏季和秋季典型日储热时段,高、低压汽轮机载荷因子分别高于0.94和0.95。当系统仅由地热能驱动时,热效率降低至12.08%。该研究可为太阳能与地热能混合式发电系统的设计和运行提供参考。
基金the National key R&D project from Minister of Science and Technology,China(Nos.2016YFA0202702 and 2016YFA0202701)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(ZDBS-LY-DQC025)+1 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20180081)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M650604).
文摘Energy harvesting and power transmission is a significant challenge for the self-powered technologies towards mobile electronic devices.Here,we propose a hybridized energy harvester to complement each other's strengths for simultaneously scavenging multiple types of energy and then wirelessly transmit the power.The harvester consists of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units for collecting rotational energy and a commercial water-proof flexible solar cell.At a rotation rate of 500 rpm,the output current of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units can reach about 630 mA through energy management.Moreover,the power harvested by hybridized energy harvester can be wirelessly transmitted up to a distance of about 100 cm in real time to charge mobile phone,anemometer,and hygrometer based on self-resonant coils.The hybridized energy harvester with wireless power transmission has potential applications in large-scale energy collection,long-distance wireless power transmission and sustainably driving mobile electronic devices.
