Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) caused 3.2 million deaths worldwide in 2015 [1]. Therapeutic treatments, including acupuncture & herbal medicine have been applied to handle this disease with certain ...Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) caused 3.2 million deaths worldwide in 2015 [1]. Therapeutic treatments, including acupuncture & herbal medicine have been applied to handle this disease with certain efficacies in the domain of traditional Chinese Medicine. However, very few analyses on the mechanisms behind the efficacies can be found in literature. Without understanding the basic mechanisms behind any medical treatment is the bottle-neck to advancement of possibly effective therapy of any kind. Based on this argument, we start off a series of studies on the neurophysiological consequence of acupuncture/acupressure applied to the Lung Meridian. We explain how the sensory signals (by sympathetic nerves) follow the spinothalamic tracts to the thalamus and then to the primary sensory cortex. The neurons of these ascending tracts synapse the motor neurons which activate some of the different organs of the respiratory system—diaphragm, nose, larynx, scalene muscles, trachea, lungs, intercostal and supporting abdominal muscles. The sensory signals at the neo-cortex are then passed on to the motor neurons in the primary motor cortex. The activated neurons project mainly along two descending tracts: anterior and lateral corticospinal tracts. Neurons of these tracts project to activate again some of the respiratory organs, plus the motors neurons related to the digestive system, including the large intestine. On the other hand, an intrinsic, automatic breathing system in the brainstem sends rhythmic signals through the bulbospinal tract system, which contains a special type of neurons—the pre-sympathetic neurons. These neurons, via interneuron relay, synapse motor neurons which mobilize the organs of the respiratory organs to function. Since the “Lung Meridian induced” signals and the intrinsic signals are sent by different types of neurons, we propose that stimulating the Lung Meridian might activate/supplement the action of the intrinsic system during some pathological states. Though the initial suggestion is supported by in vitro/(in vivo) experiments in detailed steps, clinical trials await future development.展开更多
The TCM philosophy of a meridian and associated channels pertains to the specific function of one or more organs. We define the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lung Primary Meridian (LUM) together w...The TCM philosophy of a meridian and associated channels pertains to the specific function of one or more organs. We define the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lung Primary Meridian (LUM) together with the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lung Sinew (LUSC), Divergent (LUDC), Luo-connecting (LULCC) Channels as a system of routes plus some parts of the body (such as muscles) to fulfil respiration, as a main function under different situations. There is very limited information about the Lung associated channels in classical literature of TCM. With a clear focus on the function of respiration, we have carried out a detailed analysis of the biomedical consequence of stimulating the LUM, analysed the roles played by LUSC, LUDC, and LULCC. The updated LUM and LUDC include acupoints of other meridians, serving the same purpose of performing satisfactory respiration starting from checking the quality of the inflow through the nose. The LUSC includes the respiratory muscles (plus the associated connective tissues) extending to various parts of the body. The muscles of the limb (as part of the LUSC) embrace the nerves that provide routes for somatosensory reflexes and play the role of locomotion, providing voluntary respiration via the pectoralis muscles. The muscles of LUSC are bounded by stiff connective tissue layers, forming compartments, and are part of the pulley system for various body locomotions. Within a compartment, the interstitial fluid, blood, lymph flows must be potent to protect the associated nerves related to LUM;the healthy state of the LUSC also provides freedom of various types of locomotion. The LULCC exists because the vagus nerve has a part of it passing through the spinal cords all the way down to the sacrum domain, with exiting nerve innervating two-third of the large intestine. The crucial steps of our deductions </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are supported by experimental evidence based on modern neurophysiology and kinesiology. We discover that all the four channels stated above work as a unit system to allow respiration to be possible under various postures/conditions. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The complexity of structures and processes is eased off by providing 29 figures and 13 tables for the relevant muscles and nerves. In addition to respiration, the Lung system in TCM context includes interaction of this system with the sweat gland and neuroendocrine system;such aspects will be left to another study.</span>展开更多
目的 观察针药并用治疗肺部手术后慢性咳嗽的临床疗效。方法 将60例肺部手术后慢性咳嗽患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。对照组口服复方甲氧那明胶囊治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用针刺肺经腧穴治疗。比较两组治疗前后中文版莱斯...目的 观察针药并用治疗肺部手术后慢性咳嗽的临床疗效。方法 将60例肺部手术后慢性咳嗽患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。对照组口服复方甲氧那明胶囊治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用针刺肺经腧穴治疗。比较两组治疗前后中文版莱斯特咳嗽问卷(Mandarin Chinese version of the Leicester cough questionnaire, LCQ-MC)评分、中医证候积分及各项炎性指标[血清白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8, IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor, TNF-α)]的变化情况,并比较两组的临床疗效。结果 两组治疗后LCQ-MC评分较治疗前显著增加(P<0.01),中医证候积分较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.01)。两组治疗后血清IL-8和TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。治疗组和对照组总有效率分别为86.7%和63.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针药并用可有效改善肺部手术后慢性咳嗽的临床症状,提高临床疗效。展开更多
目的:观察不同频次铜砭循经刮痧对痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者肺功能的影响。方法:选取台州市中医院2022年7月至2023年7月诊治的痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者144例,按随机数字表法分为常规组、观察1组和观察2组,每组各48例。常规组给予常规西医治疗,观察...目的:观察不同频次铜砭循经刮痧对痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者肺功能的影响。方法:选取台州市中医院2022年7月至2023年7月诊治的痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者144例,按随机数字表法分为常规组、观察1组和观察2组,每组各48例。常规组给予常规西医治疗,观察1组在常规组治疗的基础上加用铜砭循经刮痧治疗,每周1次,观察2组在常规组治疗的基础上加用铜砭循经刮痧治疗,具体操作方法同观察1组,变更刮痧频次为每周2次。观察3组患者治疗前后生活质量[慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试(COPD Assessment test,CAT)]、中医证候积分、肺功能[第1秒用力呼吸容积(Forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1)和第1秒用力呼吸容积占用力肺活量之比值(percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second to forced vital capacity,FEV1/FVC)]、6min步行距离试验(6 minute walking distance,6MWD)变化情况及不良反应发生情况。结果:3组治疗后CAT评分、中医证候积分均低于治疗前,且观察1组治疗后CAT评分、中医证候积分低于常规组,观察2组CAT评分、中医证候积分低于观察1组、常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组治疗后FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6MWD均高于治疗前,且观察1组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6MWD高于常规组,观察2组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6MWD高于观察1组、常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者治疗期间均未出现明显不良反应。结论:痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者采用铜砭循经刮痧治疗均有效,每周2次的铜砭循经刮痧治疗方案效果优于每周1次的治疗方案,可缓解患者临床症状,改善其肺功能和生活质量,且安全性良好。展开更多
文摘Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) caused 3.2 million deaths worldwide in 2015 [1]. Therapeutic treatments, including acupuncture & herbal medicine have been applied to handle this disease with certain efficacies in the domain of traditional Chinese Medicine. However, very few analyses on the mechanisms behind the efficacies can be found in literature. Without understanding the basic mechanisms behind any medical treatment is the bottle-neck to advancement of possibly effective therapy of any kind. Based on this argument, we start off a series of studies on the neurophysiological consequence of acupuncture/acupressure applied to the Lung Meridian. We explain how the sensory signals (by sympathetic nerves) follow the spinothalamic tracts to the thalamus and then to the primary sensory cortex. The neurons of these ascending tracts synapse the motor neurons which activate some of the different organs of the respiratory system—diaphragm, nose, larynx, scalene muscles, trachea, lungs, intercostal and supporting abdominal muscles. The sensory signals at the neo-cortex are then passed on to the motor neurons in the primary motor cortex. The activated neurons project mainly along two descending tracts: anterior and lateral corticospinal tracts. Neurons of these tracts project to activate again some of the respiratory organs, plus the motors neurons related to the digestive system, including the large intestine. On the other hand, an intrinsic, automatic breathing system in the brainstem sends rhythmic signals through the bulbospinal tract system, which contains a special type of neurons—the pre-sympathetic neurons. These neurons, via interneuron relay, synapse motor neurons which mobilize the organs of the respiratory organs to function. Since the “Lung Meridian induced” signals and the intrinsic signals are sent by different types of neurons, we propose that stimulating the Lung Meridian might activate/supplement the action of the intrinsic system during some pathological states. Though the initial suggestion is supported by in vitro/(in vivo) experiments in detailed steps, clinical trials await future development.
文摘The TCM philosophy of a meridian and associated channels pertains to the specific function of one or more organs. We define the <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lung Primary Meridian (LUM) together with the </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Lung Sinew (LUSC), Divergent (LUDC), Luo-connecting (LULCC) Channels as a system of routes plus some parts of the body (such as muscles) to fulfil respiration, as a main function under different situations. There is very limited information about the Lung associated channels in classical literature of TCM. With a clear focus on the function of respiration, we have carried out a detailed analysis of the biomedical consequence of stimulating the LUM, analysed the roles played by LUSC, LUDC, and LULCC. The updated LUM and LUDC include acupoints of other meridians, serving the same purpose of performing satisfactory respiration starting from checking the quality of the inflow through the nose. The LUSC includes the respiratory muscles (plus the associated connective tissues) extending to various parts of the body. The muscles of the limb (as part of the LUSC) embrace the nerves that provide routes for somatosensory reflexes and play the role of locomotion, providing voluntary respiration via the pectoralis muscles. The muscles of LUSC are bounded by stiff connective tissue layers, forming compartments, and are part of the pulley system for various body locomotions. Within a compartment, the interstitial fluid, blood, lymph flows must be potent to protect the associated nerves related to LUM;the healthy state of the LUSC also provides freedom of various types of locomotion. The LULCC exists because the vagus nerve has a part of it passing through the spinal cords all the way down to the sacrum domain, with exiting nerve innervating two-third of the large intestine. The crucial steps of our deductions </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">are supported by experimental evidence based on modern neurophysiology and kinesiology. We discover that all the four channels stated above work as a unit system to allow respiration to be possible under various postures/conditions. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">The complexity of structures and processes is eased off by providing 29 figures and 13 tables for the relevant muscles and nerves. In addition to respiration, the Lung system in TCM context includes interaction of this system with the sweat gland and neuroendocrine system;such aspects will be left to another study.</span>
文摘目的 观察针药并用治疗肺部手术后慢性咳嗽的临床疗效。方法 将60例肺部手术后慢性咳嗽患者随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。对照组口服复方甲氧那明胶囊治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上采用针刺肺经腧穴治疗。比较两组治疗前后中文版莱斯特咳嗽问卷(Mandarin Chinese version of the Leicester cough questionnaire, LCQ-MC)评分、中医证候积分及各项炎性指标[血清白细胞介素-8(interleukin-8, IL-8)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor, TNF-α)]的变化情况,并比较两组的临床疗效。结果 两组治疗后LCQ-MC评分较治疗前显著增加(P<0.01),中医证候积分较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.01)。两组治疗后血清IL-8和TNF-α水平均较治疗前显著降低(P<0.01),且治疗组低于对照组(P<0.01,P<0.05)。治疗组和对照组总有效率分别为86.7%和63.3%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 针药并用可有效改善肺部手术后慢性咳嗽的临床症状,提高临床疗效。
文摘目的:观察不同频次铜砭循经刮痧对痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者肺功能的影响。方法:选取台州市中医院2022年7月至2023年7月诊治的痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者144例,按随机数字表法分为常规组、观察1组和观察2组,每组各48例。常规组给予常规西医治疗,观察1组在常规组治疗的基础上加用铜砭循经刮痧治疗,每周1次,观察2组在常规组治疗的基础上加用铜砭循经刮痧治疗,具体操作方法同观察1组,变更刮痧频次为每周2次。观察3组患者治疗前后生活质量[慢性阻塞性肺疾病评估测试(COPD Assessment test,CAT)]、中医证候积分、肺功能[第1秒用力呼吸容积(Forced expiratory volume in one second,FEV1)和第1秒用力呼吸容积占用力肺活量之比值(percentage of forced expiratory volume in first second to forced vital capacity,FEV1/FVC)]、6min步行距离试验(6 minute walking distance,6MWD)变化情况及不良反应发生情况。结果:3组治疗后CAT评分、中医证候积分均低于治疗前,且观察1组治疗后CAT评分、中医证候积分低于常规组,观察2组CAT评分、中医证候积分低于观察1组、常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组治疗后FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6MWD均高于治疗前,且观察1组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6MWD高于常规组,观察2组FEV1、FEV1/FVC、6MWD高于观察1组、常规组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3组患者治疗期间均未出现明显不良反应。结论:痰浊阻肺型肺胀患者采用铜砭循经刮痧治疗均有效,每周2次的铜砭循经刮痧治疗方案效果优于每周1次的治疗方案,可缓解患者临床症状,改善其肺功能和生活质量,且安全性良好。
