Safety is critically important for any sport or recreational activity.Skiing and snowboarding are winter activities that are potentially beneficial to health and fitness.However,they present a significant risk of inju...Safety is critically important for any sport or recreational activity.Skiing and snowboarding are winter activities that are potentially beneficial to health and fitness.However,they present a significant risk of injury.If not well managed,high injury rates will negatively impact the ski industry and its development.The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature of safety and injury prevention programs specific to recreational alpine skiers and snowboarders in China and compare them with those implemented in the United States to promote safe snow sports and prepare skilled ski patrol and injury prevention professionals for the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.展开更多
Recent released Chinese Ski Industry White Paper by Asian International Trade Show for Sporting Equipements and Fashion(ISPO)pointed out that ski industry in China received customers of 12.5 million person times in 20...Recent released Chinese Ski Industry White Paper by Asian International Trade Show for Sporting Equipements and Fashion(ISPO)pointed out that ski industry in China received customers of 12.5 million person times in 2015,and many ski resorts had more than200,000 vistors.Zhao Yinggang,展开更多
Mountainous regions have disadvantages in economic development because of harsh physical and climatic conditions.However,winter tourism activities are one of the key components for supporting economic development in t...Mountainous regions have disadvantages in economic development because of harsh physical and climatic conditions.However,winter tourism activities are one of the key components for supporting economic development in the highlands.Establishing a ski resort area supports direct and indirect employment in a region,and it stops immigration from mountainous regions to other places.This research aimed to assess the potential ski areas using a multi criteria evaluation technique in the Van region which is located in the eastern part of Türkiye.In this context,snow cover duration,sun effect,slope,slope length,elevation,population density,distance from main roads and lake visibility were used as input factors in the decision making process.Each factor was standardized using a fuzzy technique based on existing well-known ski centers in Türkiye.The weight of inputs was defined by applying a survey to the professional skiers.The most important factors were detected as transportation opportunities and snow covers whereas,the least important factors were elevation and population density.Additionally,lake visibility was very important to make a difference from other existing facilities in the region.Therefore,it was included as constraints and lake visible areas were extracted at the final stage of the research.Potential ski areas were mapped in three levels as professional,intermediate and beginner skiers.One of the suitable areas was selected as a sample projection and for the 3D simulation of the ski investment area.Potential costs and benefits were discussed.It was found that a ski tourism area investment can be amortized in 3 years in the region.展开更多
A golden age is dawning for China’s ice and snow industry Wang Tingwei,a southerner studying in northeast China’s Jilin Province,is amazed by the multifarious and frequent winter sports activities organized by his c...A golden age is dawning for China’s ice and snow industry Wang Tingwei,a southerner studying in northeast China’s Jilin Province,is amazed by the multifarious and frequent winter sports activities organized by his col ege,Changchun Normal University.Wang,once a rookie in winter sports himself,became a fan of skiing and volunteered to serve the joint opening ceremony of the 2018 China Changchun Ice and Snow Travel Festival展开更多
This winter,most re gions in China have seen snow,and even south China,where snow is rare,has been hit by blizzards.While causing inconvenience to travelers,snow is fueling the country’s winter sports industry.The ri...This winter,most re gions in China have seen snow,and even south China,where snow is rare,has been hit by blizzards.While causing inconvenience to travelers,snow is fueling the country’s winter sports industry.The rise of winter sports is partly attributable to Beijing’s success in bidding for the 2022 Winter Olympics,followed by the state’s publicity efforts and also scientific planning and management of the winter sports industry.After Beijing won the bid to展开更多
The present review deals with the current scientific knowledge related with ski jump landing.A specific focus is given on the landing biomechanics,the methods utilized for its analysis and the injuries connected to th...The present review deals with the current scientific knowledge related with ski jump landing.A specific focus is given on the landing biomechanics,the methods utilized for its analysis and the injuries connected to the landing phase.Despite the demonstrated importance for the safety and the performance of ski jumpers,the landing and its preparation are rarely inves-tigated.In this paper,after having firstly described the execution of landing and its preparation and the reason why is impor-tant to analyze it,an overview of the current status of the research related to the landing biomechanics is reported(kinetics,kinematics,electromyographic activation,aerodynamics,computer simulation).The third part describes the methods and technologies utilized in literature to analyze the landing and its preparation(video cameras,inertial sensors,force insoles,wind tunnel and computer simulation).After that,an overview of the injuries related to landing is reported.The final section proposes future research in the field of biomechanics of ski jump landing in different fields,such as computer simulations,kinematic analysis,equipment development and biomechanics of female athletes.展开更多
The Tour de Ski(TDS:6-9 sprint and distance races across 9-11 days)represents the most intense competition series of the cross-country(XC)ski season and is characterized by accumulated stress from consecutive days of ...The Tour de Ski(TDS:6-9 sprint and distance races across 9-11 days)represents the most intense competition series of the cross-country(XC)ski season and is characterized by accumulated stress from consecutive days of high-intensity(~85%-160% VO_(2max))racing,travel,cold temperatures and low to moderate altitude(500-1500 m above sea level).Here,nutritional strategies play a key supportive role for optimized health,recovery and performance.This narrative review aims to provide an evidence-based discussion on the energetic demands of the TDS and recommendations for nutritional strate-gies to optimize health and performance of XC skiers during and following the TDS.We highlight several challenges that may arise during the TDS,including the following:poor energy availability(EA)due to decreased appetite or a pressure to maintain a low body weight,suboptimal carbohydrate availability due to a failure to replenish muscle glycogen stores across consecutive-day racing and increased risk of illness due to a combination of factors,including high-intensity racing,poor nutrition,sleep,travel and hygiene.We encourage XC skiers to maintain optimal overall EA across the~1.5-week period,ensure high daily carbohydrate availability,as well as the use of strategies to maintain a healthy immune system.In addition,we include practical guidelines on the management of nutrition support prior to and during the TDS.We recognize that many nutritional questions remain unanswered both in the context of elite XC ski racing and specifically for extreme demands like the TDS that should be addressed in future investigations.展开更多
文摘Safety is critically important for any sport or recreational activity.Skiing and snowboarding are winter activities that are potentially beneficial to health and fitness.However,they present a significant risk of injury.If not well managed,high injury rates will negatively impact the ski industry and its development.The purpose of this study was to systematically review the literature of safety and injury prevention programs specific to recreational alpine skiers and snowboarders in China and compare them with those implemented in the United States to promote safe snow sports and prepare skilled ski patrol and injury prevention professionals for the Beijing 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.
文摘Recent released Chinese Ski Industry White Paper by Asian International Trade Show for Sporting Equipements and Fashion(ISPO)pointed out that ski industry in China received customers of 12.5 million person times in 2015,and many ski resorts had more than200,000 vistors.Zhao Yinggang,
文摘Mountainous regions have disadvantages in economic development because of harsh physical and climatic conditions.However,winter tourism activities are one of the key components for supporting economic development in the highlands.Establishing a ski resort area supports direct and indirect employment in a region,and it stops immigration from mountainous regions to other places.This research aimed to assess the potential ski areas using a multi criteria evaluation technique in the Van region which is located in the eastern part of Türkiye.In this context,snow cover duration,sun effect,slope,slope length,elevation,population density,distance from main roads and lake visibility were used as input factors in the decision making process.Each factor was standardized using a fuzzy technique based on existing well-known ski centers in Türkiye.The weight of inputs was defined by applying a survey to the professional skiers.The most important factors were detected as transportation opportunities and snow covers whereas,the least important factors were elevation and population density.Additionally,lake visibility was very important to make a difference from other existing facilities in the region.Therefore,it was included as constraints and lake visible areas were extracted at the final stage of the research.Potential ski areas were mapped in three levels as professional,intermediate and beginner skiers.One of the suitable areas was selected as a sample projection and for the 3D simulation of the ski investment area.Potential costs and benefits were discussed.It was found that a ski tourism area investment can be amortized in 3 years in the region.
文摘A golden age is dawning for China’s ice and snow industry Wang Tingwei,a southerner studying in northeast China’s Jilin Province,is amazed by the multifarious and frequent winter sports activities organized by his col ege,Changchun Normal University.Wang,once a rookie in winter sports himself,became a fan of skiing and volunteered to serve the joint opening ceremony of the 2018 China Changchun Ice and Snow Travel Festival
文摘This winter,most re gions in China have seen snow,and even south China,where snow is rare,has been hit by blizzards.While causing inconvenience to travelers,snow is fueling the country’s winter sports industry.The rise of winter sports is partly attributable to Beijing’s success in bidding for the 2022 Winter Olympics,followed by the state’s publicity efforts and also scientific planning and management of the winter sports industry.After Beijing won the bid to
文摘The present review deals with the current scientific knowledge related with ski jump landing.A specific focus is given on the landing biomechanics,the methods utilized for its analysis and the injuries connected to the landing phase.Despite the demonstrated importance for the safety and the performance of ski jumpers,the landing and its preparation are rarely inves-tigated.In this paper,after having firstly described the execution of landing and its preparation and the reason why is impor-tant to analyze it,an overview of the current status of the research related to the landing biomechanics is reported(kinetics,kinematics,electromyographic activation,aerodynamics,computer simulation).The third part describes the methods and technologies utilized in literature to analyze the landing and its preparation(video cameras,inertial sensors,force insoles,wind tunnel and computer simulation).After that,an overview of the injuries related to landing is reported.The final section proposes future research in the field of biomechanics of ski jump landing in different fields,such as computer simulations,kinematic analysis,equipment development and biomechanics of female athletes.
文摘The Tour de Ski(TDS:6-9 sprint and distance races across 9-11 days)represents the most intense competition series of the cross-country(XC)ski season and is characterized by accumulated stress from consecutive days of high-intensity(~85%-160% VO_(2max))racing,travel,cold temperatures and low to moderate altitude(500-1500 m above sea level).Here,nutritional strategies play a key supportive role for optimized health,recovery and performance.This narrative review aims to provide an evidence-based discussion on the energetic demands of the TDS and recommendations for nutritional strate-gies to optimize health and performance of XC skiers during and following the TDS.We highlight several challenges that may arise during the TDS,including the following:poor energy availability(EA)due to decreased appetite or a pressure to maintain a low body weight,suboptimal carbohydrate availability due to a failure to replenish muscle glycogen stores across consecutive-day racing and increased risk of illness due to a combination of factors,including high-intensity racing,poor nutrition,sleep,travel and hygiene.We encourage XC skiers to maintain optimal overall EA across the~1.5-week period,ensure high daily carbohydrate availability,as well as the use of strategies to maintain a healthy immune system.In addition,we include practical guidelines on the management of nutrition support prior to and during the TDS.We recognize that many nutritional questions remain unanswered both in the context of elite XC ski racing and specifically for extreme demands like the TDS that should be addressed in future investigations.
