Influence of Air-Knife Wiping on Coating Thickness in Hot-Dip Galvanizing

In hot-dip galvanizing process, air jet wiping control is so crucial to decide the coating thickness and uni- formity of the zinc layer on the steel strip. The mathematical models developed predict the zinc coating thickness as a function of pressure and shear stress. The required pressure and shear stress profile on the strip surface were calcu- lated using regression analysis, and carried out using numerical simulation as FLUENT, a finite element analysis software. The influences of the outlet pressure, the nozzle to strip distance, the slot opening, the edge baffle plate, as well as the tilting angle of air knife were discussed. Combining with these results and regression analysis on the practical data, four first-order polynomial multi-parameter models were established for different targeted coating thicknesses with better regression coefficients. The validated model was used to carry out sensitivity analysis to de- termine the favorable controlling regime for the air jet wiping process.

Study on the Wiping Gas Jet in Continuous Galvanizing Line

In the continuous hot-dip galvanizing process, the gas-jet wiping is used to control the coating thickness of moving steel strip. The high speed gas-jet discharged from the nozzle slot impinges on the strip, and at this moment, wipes the liquid coating layer dragged by a moving strip. The coating thickness is generally influenced on the flow characteristics of wiping gas-jet such as the impinging pressure distribution, pressure gradient and shear stress distribution on the surface of strip. The flow characteristics of wiping gas-jet mentioned above depends upon considerably both the process operating conditions such as the nozzle pressure, nozzle-to-strip distance and line speed, and the geometry of gas-jet wiping apparatus such as the height of nozzle slot. In the present study, the effect of the geometry of nozzle on the coating thickness is investigated with the help of a computational fluid dynamics method. The height of nozzle slot is varied in the range of 0.6mm to 1.7mm. A finite volume method (FVM) is employed to solve two-dimensional, steady, compressible Navier-Stokes equations. Based upon the results obtained, the effect of the height of nozzle slot in the gas-jet wiping process is discussed in detail. The computational results show that for a given standoff distance between the nozzle to the strip, the effective height of nozzle slot exists in achieving thinner coating thickness.

Assessment of tear film parameters post-treatment with commercial eyelid cleaning wipes:a pilot study

AIM:To investigate the short-term effects of commercially available eyelid-cleaning wipes on film parameters.METHODS:This study enrolled 48 healthy participants aged 20-35y(both males and females).Clinical assessment included the Ocular Surface Disease Index(OSDI)questionnaire,non-invasive tear break-up time(NITBUT),tear meniscus height(TMH),and lipid layer pattern(LLP).Based on these initial results,participants were categorized as either non-dry eye or dry eye.Participants in each group were randomly allocated to either Blephaclean■or Systane■treatments.Changes in NITBUT,TMH,and LLP levels before and after lid wipe treatment were assessed.RESULTS:The dry eye group exhibited significantly higher OSDI scores and lower NITBUT and TMH levels than in the non-dry eye group(P<0.001).Following the application of eyelid wipes(Systane■wipes),dry eye subjects experienced a significant improvement in NITBUT levels(P=0.0014)compared to the non-dry eye individuals.Although the remaining participants showed a marginal increase in TMH and NITBUT levels,these changes did not achieve statistical significance(P>0.05).Similarly,the LLP levels were significantly improved with Systane■(P<0.001)post-treatment compared to individuals in the non-dry eye group.However,the dry eye subjects showed higher posttreatment LLP levels than the untreated group(P<0.02).CONCLUSION:The short-term effects of Systane®eyelid wipes on tear film parameters suggest their effectiveness in dry eye disease.Nonetheless,further exploration of their long-term impact is essential to justify their cost effectiveness and efficacy in treating both aqueous deficiency and evaporative dryness.

Lateralizing value of ictal face wiping in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Objective To investigate the lateralizing value of ictal face wiping(FW)in patients with refractory mesial temporal lobe epilepsy(MTLE).Methods Presurgical video types were retrospectively reviewed among 96 patients who were seizure-free for at least 3 years after temporal lobectomy between 1997 and 2012.Attention

The Application Value of Sanitary Wipes and Medical Alcohol+Gauze Disinfection Method in the Management and Use of Medical Equipment

Objective:To analyze the effect of sanitary wipes and medical alcohol+gauze disinfection methods on the management and use of medical equipment in hospitals.Methods:From February 2023 to August 2023,80 anorectal surgery medical instruments and equipment were randomly sampled as observation samples,and they were grouped using the random number table method(40 instruments in each group).One group was managed with sanitary wipes and medical alcohol+gauze disinfection method(observation group),and the other group was managed with medical alcohol+gauze disinfection method(control group).The degree of contamination on the surface of instruments and equipment and the staff satisfaction of both groups was noted and compared.Results:After cleaning and disinfection,the relative luminescence luminosity(RLU)value of the surface contamination of the sample instruments and equipment decreased significantly(P<0.05);and after cleaning and disinfection,the relative luminescence luminosity(RLU)of the observation group’s instruments and equipment decreased significantly,and the value was lower than that of the control group,(P<0.05);the results of the nursing job satisfaction questionnaire showed that the scores of each survey item in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,(P<0.05).Conclusion:Integrating sanitary wipes and medical alcohol+gauze disinfection method into the management and use of medical equipment not only improves the disinfection of medical instruments but also improves the job satisfaction of nursing staff.Therefore,this method should be popularized.

一种用于自动视频分段的WIPE转换检测和模式识别方法

自动视频分段是视频分类、组织和索引的基本步骤 ,其目标是检测和识别出各种镜头转换边界 .划变(Wipe)被认为是其中最难以检测和识别的镜头转换模式 .提出了一种新的基于模式模板的 Wipe转换区检测和模式识别方法 ,在该方法中 ,首先提出了一种模式模板的概念用于对各种 Wipe转换建立模式模板库 ,然后在模式模板库的基础上设计了一个通用的匹配算法 ,最后 ,通过对匹配结果进行 Hough变换 ,使得在存在相当大的运动干扰情况下 ,仍能精确检测转换区位置和识别转换模式 ,具有很好的鲁棒性 .该方法解决了对目前存在的各种复杂和奇异 Wipe转换模式的检测和识别问题 ,对以后出现的 Wipe转换模式同样适用 。

Research of 1770 MPa galvanized steel wire for stay cable of domestic bridges

This paper focuses on introducing the manufacture technology of 1 770 MPa galvanized steel wires for stay cables applied to domestic bridges.During the development practices of high strength galvanized wire for stay cables used in Sutong Bridge,Baosteel has established three key technologies based on research of manufacture technology and technical innovation.The three key technologies are:"Double Tensioning + limiter die" process,"dominant process + fine adjustment" in integrated optimization technology and "three-level control" in hot dip galvanization.With these key technologies,Baosteel has produced 1 770 MPa galvanized wires for stay cable,which has high tensile strength,low relaxation and good torsion performances.

A Fast Shot Transition Detecting Algorithm on MPEG Sequences

In order to process video data efficiently, a video segmenting technique must be required. We propose a fast shot transition detecting algorithm directly on MPEG compressed video sequence. The algorithm can detect not only abrupt transition, but also gradual transition. The computing cost of the algorithm is low, because we directly use the type of macroblocks and motion vectors that MPEG compressed video provides. The result of experiment is rather well.

A Wipe Transition Detection Approach Using Macroblock Type Information for MPEG Videos

A new wipe transition detection approach was proposed. By analyzing the spatial-temporal characteristics of an ideal wipe production model, the concept of wipe transition strip (TS) was introduced. The macroblock type information of P-frames is used to extract TS regions. An improved TS region accumulation technique is performed for detecting and verifying wipe transitions. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is capable of detecting various wipe transitions quickly and accurately.

一步一步学用Wipe Info修复硬盘坏道

硬盘出现了坏道怎么办?大家都会想到用PQMagic之类的工具将有坏道的分区隔离隐藏。其实只要硬盘没有物理损坏．我们在进行这一步前不妨用Norton Utilities(Norton Utilities2000以上版本)中的Wipe Info工具对其进行擦写，很可能就把坏道修复。

Diamond Wipes公司生产厂迁址

冷热湿巾生产商Diamond Wipes公司把位于加利福尼亚州Ontario市的生产厂迁到了该外IChino市的新址，占地13．1万ft^2的新址比原址大30％。该公司还将把该厂雇工人数增加5％。

Regulatory Status of Wet Wipes Used on Human Body in Europe, United States, Canada, Australia and China

In this paper we introduce and compare the definitions of cosmetics and regulatory status of wet wipes in Europe, United States, Canada, Australia and China. wet wipes used on human body are regulated as cosmetics in Europe, United States, Canada and Australia, but as disposable hygiene products in China where there are no special provisions on the use of raw materials. Considering the cosmetic definition and industry development requirements, we suggest to include this type of wet wipes into cosmetic administration.

Experimental and Computational Studies on Coanda Nozzle Flow for the Air Knife Application

To control the film thickness of zinc in the process of continuous hot-dip galvanizing, it is known from the early days that the gas wiping through an air knife is the most effective one. The gas wiping using in galvanizing process brings about a problem of splashing from the strip edge for a certain high speed of coating. So, in the present study, the effects of the deflection angle of Coanda nozzle on jet structure and the distribution of impinging pres- sure at the plate surface are investigated numerically and experimentally. In numerical analysis, the governing equations consisted of three-dimensional time dependent full Navier-Stokes equations, standard k-ε turbulence model to solve turbulent stTess and so on are employed. In experiment, 16 channel pressure scanning valve and 3-axis auto traversing unit are used to measure the impinging pressure at the strip surface. As a result, it is found that the smaller the deflection angle for the same nozzle slit of air knife is, the larger the impinging pressure is. To reduce the size of separation bubble and to enhance the cutting ability, it is recommendable to use an air knife with the Coanda nozzle.

Purification of 3-hydroxypropionitrile by wiped molecular distillation

A new separation method, wiped molecular distillation (WMD), was applied and experimental work was carried out to study the effect of operation parameters such as distillation temperature, pressure, feed flow rate, wiped speed and the separation stages on purifying the raw material containing 95% 3-hydroxypropionitrile (HPN). It was an excellent result that the mass concentration of HPN in the final product can be more than 99.5% under the optimistic operation conditions. The high purity cannot be achieved with normal separating method includ- ing rectification and extraction in practice. As for the raw material, a function of HPN purity in distillate was plotted with distillation temperature and pressure in experiment ranges. According to the experiment data obtained and the theory in molecular distillation, the distillation speed of HPN and separation efficiency were computed. It was concluded that the distillation speed of HPN and the separation efficiency were satisfying for industrial production.

Comparison of two turbulent models in simulating evaporating liquid film in a wiped molecular distillator

Velocity field of evaporating liquid film in a wiped molecular distillator was simulated with a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software, and two turbulent models treating near-wall flow were compared. Differences between wiped and other molecular distillations were intro-duced to explain why turbulent model should be used in this simulation. Three assumptions were made in order to simplify simulating processes. In rotating coordinate system, fixed other settings, the above two turbulent models were used, and the volume of fluid (VOF) multiphase model was also applied to tracking the liquid-gas surface. Both of the simulating results are basically iden-tical with real situation and were compared in several aspects. It was concluded that both of the turbulent models are suitable in this simulation.

Initial results for urban metal distributions in house dusts of Syracuse,New York,USA

A program of house dust sample collection and analysis has begun in Syracuse,New York,USA,in order to determine the feasibility of a geography-based exposure assessment for urban metals.The sampling program,and the protocols it employs,is described for two different types of wipe media,Ghost Wipes and Whatman Filters.Preliminary results show that strong spatial patterns of floor dust loading(mg dust per square foot)can be observed for data aggregated at a spatial scale of about 1600 m(~2.5 km^(2)).Floor dust metal concentrations were similar to those found in other urban environments,with some regional variation.The median floor dust Pb concentration was~108 mg·kg^(-1)for this initial data set of~264 sampled residential locations,and varied from 50 to 1100 mg Pb·kg^(-1).

Extinction event that wiped out dinosaurs cleared way for modern frogs

Subject Code:C04With the support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,a collaborative study by Chinese and American biologists led by Prof.Zhang Peng(张鹏)from Sun Yat-Sen University shows that nearly nine out of 10species of frog today have descended from just three lineages that survived the