Background:Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women's health.The purpose of this study was to ...Background:Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women's health.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women's health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS).Methods:This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS survey.Unlike the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity behaviors.Seventy-six different activities were identifie by the participants.Two researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie categories.Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity category.Results:Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic characteristics.Conclusion:Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other categories.As a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.展开更多
The therapeutic termination of pregnancy(TToP)is an induced abortion following a diagnosis of medical necessity.TToP is applied to avoid the risk of substantial harm to the mother or in cases of fetal unviability.This...The therapeutic termination of pregnancy(TToP)is an induced abortion following a diagnosis of medical necessity.TToP is applied to avoid the risk of substantial harm to the mother or in cases of fetal unviability.This type of induced abortion is provided after the second semester of gestation if fetal illness or the pregnancy cause physical danger or pathological mental distress to the mother.Sociocultural and economic determinants could influence the desire for children and family planning in couples,as well as the use of effective contraception and the choice to perform an induced abortion.Also,pre-existing mental health problems could affect the decision between carrying on a problematic pregnancy or having TToP.Furthermore,the TToP is a reproductive event with an important traumatic burden,but also with an intrinsic therapeutic effect and it can produce different psychological and psychopathological effects on women and couples.The aim of this review is to evaluate what demographic,reproductive and psychopathological determinants are involved in the choice of undergoing a TToP in women.Also,we will examine both positive and negative consequences of this procedure on women’s mental health,underlying which factors are related to a worse outcome in order to provide the best clinical support to vulnerable groups.展开更多
The integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) of obstetrics and gynecology (OBS/GYN) emerged eventually with more than 40 years’ hard struggle, and one of the most promising articles is the integrati...The integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) of obstetrics and gynecology (OBS/GYN) emerged eventually with more than 40 years’ hard struggle, and one of the most promising articles is the integration of the masterpieces of menstrual disorder and infertility in TCM and the virtual explosion of new knowledge and methods in展开更多
Magnesium is well known in the world of obstetrics for many important uses. It has been utilized in treating pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and preventing preterm labor, though it has been found recently that prolonged mag...Magnesium is well known in the world of obstetrics for many important uses. It has been utilized in treating pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and preventing preterm labor, though it has been found recently that prolonged magnesium administration in pregnant women may result in adverse outcomes to fetal bone metabolism, resulting in a new FDA warning [1]. Outside of obstetrics, magnesium is recommended for treating the arrhythmias torsades de pointes and rapid atrial fibrillation, treating severe acute asthma, improving migraine symptoms, and for treating dyspepsia and constipation [2]. Many women in our modern society are magnesium deficient due to low dietary intake, and low dietary magnesium intake resulting in hypomagnesaemia has recently been shown to have many deleterious effects. Magnesium’s uses are wide-reaching, touching many areas of women’s health and gynecology from pre-menstrual syndrome to menopause, PCOS to endometriosis, and beyond.展开更多
Background: Despite substantial investment in women’s health over the past two decades, and enthusiasticgovernment support for MDG 5 and SDG 3, health indicators for women in Mozambique remain among the lowest inthe ...Background: Despite substantial investment in women’s health over the past two decades, and enthusiasticgovernment support for MDG 5 and SDG 3, health indicators for women in Mozambique remain among the lowest inthe world. Maternal mortality stayed constant from 2003 to 2011, with an MMR of 408;the estimated HIV prevalencefor women of 15-24 years is over twice that for men;and only 12.1% of women are estimated to be using moderncontraception. This study explores the perspectives of policy makers in the Mozambican health system and affiliates onthe challenges that are preventing Mozambique from achieving greater gains in women’s health.Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 39 senior- and mid-level policy makers in the Ministry of Health andaffiliated institutions (32 women, 7 men). Participants were sampled using a combination of systematic randomsampling and snowball sampling. Participants were asked about their experiences formulating and implementinghealth policies and programs, what is needed to improve women’s health in Mozambique, and the barriers andopportunities to achieving such improvement.Results: Participants unanimously argued that women’s health is already sufficiently prioritized in national healthpolicies and strategies in Mozambique;the problem, rather, is the implementation and execution of existing women’shealth policies and programs. Participants raised challenges related to the policy making process itself, including anever-changing, fragmented decision-making process, lack of long-term perspective, weak evaluation, and misalignmentof programs across sectors. The disproportionate influence of donors was also mentioned, with lack of ownership,rapid transitions, and vertical programming limiting the scope for meaningful change. Finally, participants reported adisconnect between policy makers at the national level and realities on the ground, with poor dissemination ofstrategies, limited district resources, and poor consideration of local cultural contexts.Conclusions: To achieve meaningful gains in women’s health in Mozambique, more focus must be placed onresolving the bottleneck that is the implementation of existing policies. Barriers to implementation exist across multiplehealth systems components, therefore, solutions to address them must also reach across these multiple components.A holistic approach to strengthening the health system across multiple sectors and at multiple levels is needed.展开更多
Background:Reducing disease risk for women after menopause is global health issue.A major portion of the Women’s Health Initiative(WHI)consisted of two clinical trials involving 161,809 post-menopausal women aged 50...Background:Reducing disease risk for women after menopause is global health issue.A major portion of the Women’s Health Initiative(WHI)consisted of two clinical trials involving 161,809 post-menopausal women aged 50–79 that tested the effect of hormone replacement therapy(HRT)on reducing cardiovascular disease and other secondary outcomes.Previous analyses of the data reveal that HRT should not be recommended for postmenopausal women,but show potential benefits for younger women.Thus,there may be a critical period just prior to or during the early stages of menopause where HRT could be both safe and beneficial.Main body:Menopause marks the beginning of a process of non-reversible reduction in estrogen by which estrogen levels decline progressively,followed by a reduction in estrogen receptors.This results in periods of hormone-receptor imbalances,exacerbating the effects of lower serum estrogen and is considered the primarily endocrinal source of menopause symptoms.Eventually a hormone-receptor balance is achieved at a lower level.Here,we purport that the negative outcomes from WHI trials were primarily due to the fact preventive HRT was initiated in women who had already achieved hormone-receptor equilibrium at lower hormonal levels.Conclusion:We argue for further HRT clinical trials in women at varying stages of menopause,including premenopause and early menopause,and in women from different countries.Variation across countries and subgroups in how women experience menopause and perceive menopause symptoms suggest that biocultural differences should be considered in both study design and measurement approaches to test the effectiveness of HRT.Particularly,we recommend longitudinal studies to assess changes in hormonal level over time,and to detect the“most effective period”for HRT to reduce health risk for women going through the whole menopause period.展开更多
<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Background:</strong> Herbal medicines use has prevailed over the past decades in both low-middle-income and high-income countries over the years. ...<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Background:</strong> Herbal medicines use has prevailed over the past decades in both low-middle-income and high-income countries over the years. The use among women has increased with increased risks of ill-health. There is extensive literature on herbal medicine use among women in pre/pregnancy, labour, and the postpartum periods. Therefore, this study aimed to understand women’s purposes, experiences, and motivation for using herbal medicines during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, and the experiences associated with the use. <strong>Methods:</strong> Four critical databases were predetermined and searched: CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE. These databases were chosen for their comprehensiveness and relevance to the review aims. We considered peer-reviewed published articles from January 2000 to December 2018. We chose these databases because we found that they are dominant in the medical and healthcare-related literature. All references were pooled to Endnote reference management software for screening. Quality appraisal of articles was conducted using the Mixed-Method Assessment Tool (MMAT). Content analysis approach was used to extra the data from the articles. Globally, twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria, and thus, formed the dataset for this review.<strong> Results:</strong> Most articles (n = 10, 47.6%) reported solely HM uses on only pregnancy whiles the rest evaluated HM uses in labour, pre-pregnancy, and the postpartum periods. The results have shown that the majority of women received information about HM from friends, family, the “black markets,” and drug outlets. Overall, the results were presented in seven broad themes: 1) sociodemographic characteristics of HM users, 2) perceived threat of health problem, 3) sources and quality of the information received, 4) susceptibility to health complications, 5) potential limitations to the use of HM, 6) the motivation for HM utilization, 7) concerns on the combined use of herbal and allopathic medicines. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study recommends the further research into the toxicity of herbal products, to ensure that accurate information can be provided to women before use.</span>展开更多
Objective:Gender-specific integrated health services have long existed in the arena of women’s health care,but men’s health centers(MHCs)have only recently emerged as a novel practice model.Here,we seek to evaluate ...Objective:Gender-specific integrated health services have long existed in the arena of women’s health care,but men’s health centers(MHCs)have only recently emerged as a novel practice model.Here,we seek to evaluate the prevalence and format of MHCs found in the leading academic medical centers in the United States.Methods:The US News&World Report’s Top 50 Ranked Hospitals for Urology was used as our cohort.Data were gathered on the presence of MHCs and types of providers and conditions treated.An equivalent search was performed for women’s health centers(WHCs).Results:Sixteen of 50(32%)promoted some type of MHC,compared to 49 of 50(98%)offering a WHC.Eight of the top 15 ranked institutions(53%)had an MHC compared to eight of 35(23%)remaining programs.Six of 16 MHCs incorporated providers from a variety of medical disciplines,including urologists,internists,endocrinologists,cardiologists,and psychologists,while another six of 16 MHCs were staffed solely by urologists.Eight of 16 provided services for exclusively urologic issues,four of 16 offered additional services in treatment of other medical conditions,and four of 16 did not specify.展开更多
Objectives:This study aims to ascertain if cultural factors influence the childbirth place choice of women in Oyigbo.Materials and Methods:The study used a cross‑sectional study design using a self‑structured question...Objectives:This study aims to ascertain if cultural factors influence the childbirth place choice of women in Oyigbo.Materials and Methods:The study used a cross‑sectional study design using a self‑structured questionnaire as the instrument to collect data from 384 volunteers through simple random sampling,and these data were analyzed using frequency and percentage for descriptive statistics while Chi‑square was used for inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance.Results:The influence of cultural factors such as family traditions(χ^(2)=12.56,P=0.006),beliefs(χ^(2)=70.66,P=0.000),lack of confidence in health facilities(χ^(2)=367.83,P=0.000),and the presence of male skilled birth attendants(χ^(2)=50.85,P=0.000)were statistically significant to the choice of childbirth place,while patriarchal system(χ^(2)=2.99,P=0.393)was not statistically significant to the choices of childbirth places of women in Oyigbo.Religion had a statistically significant influence on childbirth place(χ^(2)=125.46,P=0.000).Conclusion:This study shows that religious and cultural factors have a significant influence on the childbirth place choices of women in Oyigbo Local Government Area of Rivers State.展开更多
Urinary incontinence (UI) is a distressing condition involving involuntary</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> loss of urine from the body. Urinary incontinence can negatively impact a pers...Urinary incontinence (UI) is a distressing condition involving involuntary</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> loss of urine from the body. Urinary incontinence can negatively impact a person</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s overall quality of life and lead them into stages of embarrassment and depression. It is an underrepresented and undertreated condition prevalent in women, especially in low socioeconomic regions where women may not be able to express their concerns due to unawareness of diagnosis and treatment</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/management</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> options. There are different diagnostic and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">management</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> protocols for UI;however, utilizing artificially intelligent systems is not standard care. This paper overviews</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the use of artificial intelligence in women</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s health and as a means of cost-effectively diagnosing patients,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and as an avenue for providing low-cost treatments to women that suffer from urinary incontinence in low-resource communities. Studies found that these systems, mainly utilizing artificial neural networks </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(ANNs) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and convolution</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">al</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> neural networks</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (CNNs)</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, served to be an effective method in diagnosing patients and providing an avenue for personalized treatment for improved patient outcomes. A simple artificial intel</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ligence (AI) model utilizing Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Networks was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> proposed to diagnose and </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">manage</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> urinary incontinence.展开更多
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an infection of the genital mucosa, which involves the vulva and vagina caused by yeast. It is considered a recurrent pathology and a public health problem that causes discomfort by the tri...Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an infection of the genital mucosa, which involves the vulva and vagina caused by yeast. It is considered a recurrent pathology and a public health problem that causes discomfort by the triggers and that, when left untreated, can lead to health problems. The present study is a report of two cases treated with the MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Scar Acceleration Method - (MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">methodology at the Physiotherapy School Clinic of Teaching Center of Campos Gerais (CESCAGE) as a pilot for the proposal to implement the protocol at the Municipal Center for Women’s Health—CMM in the municipality of Ponta Grossa—PR, Brazil. The patients were referred by Basic Health Units in the city with complaints of pruritus, vaginal discharge and local burning with the diagnosis of candidiasis evidenced by culture and antibiogram. Patients were treated with photodynamic therapy using the MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> method for 14 consecutive days with 660 nm red laser phototherapy, 100 mW of power, 9 joules of energy, photosensitizing the drug Turmeric Long in one of the participants and propolis in the other, using 1% methylene blue dye. Both patients and researchers did not have access to which drug was being used for each participant. Photodynamic therapy potentiated the effects of drugs considering that patients showed gradual improvement with the applied application, which was proven in the analysis of sample secretions performed before and after treatment. The MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> method had a positive effect in the protocol used and is strengthened as a possibility for treatments aimed at women’s health with regard to vulvovaginal diseases. It is suggested and intended to carry out further research with a greater number of patients using the referred method.</span></span>展开更多
Introduction: Nocturia has a multifactorial etiology, and its diagnostic approach involves, in addition to medical history and physical examination, the use of a bladder diary to define the pathophysiological mechanis...Introduction: Nocturia has a multifactorial etiology, and its diagnostic approach involves, in addition to medical history and physical examination, the use of a bladder diary to define the pathophysiological mechanisms present in each case. Methods: This study investigated the prevalence of nocturia, its mechanisms, and associated factors in women with lower urinary tract symptoms attending two urogynecology clinics in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Anamnesis, physical examination, and a 24-hour bladder diary were conducted. Two definitions of nocturia were considered: one or more nighttime voids and two or more nighttime voids. Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests were used, with p-value ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 133 participants were included. The majority were aged 60 years or older (61.4%) and had three or more comorbidities (66.7%), with systemic arterial hypertension being the most prevalent (59.1%). Of the total participants, 54 (41.4%) completed the bladder diary. Among those with one or more nighttime voids (70.7%), the prevalence of nocturnal polyuria was 69.1%, reduced nocturnal bladder capacity was 17.3%, and global polyuria was 12.9%. Among participants with two or more nighttime voids (56.4%), the prevalences were respectively 68.2%, 19.1%, and 13.6%. Among the mechanisms, associations were found only with global polyuria, namely: use of insulin, body mass index and tobacco consumption. An association was also found between recurrent urinary tract infection and global polyuria in participants with two or more nighttime voids. Conclusions: The prevalence of nocturia was higher than that reported in general population studies and specialized services for lower urinary tract symptoms. Nocturnal polyuria was the most prevalent mechanism. Associations were observed between the use of insulin, body mass index, tobacco consumption, and recurrent urinary tract infection with global polyuria. No associations were found between any clinical or demographic variables and nocturnal polyuria or reduced nocturnal bladder capacity.展开更多
It aimed to analyze the assistance to the blind woman during prenatal care, childbirth, and child-care in light of the Model of Attention to Chronic Conditions. This is a descriptive, qualitative study. A collection w...It aimed to analyze the assistance to the blind woman during prenatal care, childbirth, and child-care in light of the Model of Attention to Chronic Conditions. This is a descriptive, qualitative study. A collection was done through semi-structured interview and analysis of the speeches, conducted by content technique proposed by Bardin, emerging from the screening process. Ten mothers aged between 21 and 42 years old participated in the study. Three categories were identified: prescriptive and focused attention on the disease;for collaborative and focused attention on the person;uniprofessional attention to the multidisciplinary attention;establishment of relationship between the family health strategy and the specialized outpatient care. The women experienced chronic conditions according to the Model in addition to blindness. Study results show that for blind women, attention in the health service has weaknesses in service, both in the prenatal period and childbirth, and in childcare. It deems necessary transformation in assisting the blind woman.展开更多
Background: With population aging occurring worldwide, promoting climacteric women’s health has become the object of important studies. Purpose: Observing the prevalence of depression in climacteric women and their s...Background: With population aging occurring worldwide, promoting climacteric women’s health has become the object of important studies. Purpose: Observing the prevalence of depression in climacteric women and their self-evaluation of the depression factors is the main goal of this study. Design: This cross-sectional research is enquiry descriptive. Methods: The sample was composed of 48 climacteric women (between 45 and 65 years old) non-selected volunteers, served by the Centers for Psycho and Social Attention (CAPS) of Specialized Mental Medicine, in Sorocaba, via the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Results: Checking the mean and frequency distribution, the climacteric women presented a prevalence of 37.5% of moderate depression (BDIindex = 24.39 ± 3.13), and 47.92% of severe depression (BDIindex = 38.13 ± 6.78). Concerning the symptoms, Spearman rank order correlation was found as the highest concerns, hierarchically: indecision (r = 0.72, p Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in these CAPS climacteric women was considered very high (86% ranking from moderate to severe) caused mostly by indecision, anhedonia, guilt, crying and self-esteem, followed by inutility, self-criticism and loss of concentration.展开更多
Objective: This systematic review investigates the impact of climate change on menopause, focusing on the correlation between geographical location—considering altitude, temperature, humidity, and annual temperature ...Objective: This systematic review investigates the impact of climate change on menopause, focusing on the correlation between geographical location—considering altitude, temperature, humidity, and annual temperature range—and women’s menopausal experiences. This study aims to interpret how these environmental factors influence the age of onset, severity of symptoms such as hot flushes and night sweats, and other long-term effects of menopause. Understanding these relationships addresses a significant gap in current knowledge and could guide future public health strategies. Methods: Through a comprehensive analysis of three cross-continental studies involving 1500 postmenopausal women from Spain, South American countries (Ecuador, Panama, Chile), various climates in Türkiye (Black Sea, Mediterranean, Continental), and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), this review evaluates diverse environmental impacts. Studies were selected based on their methodological rigor, geographical diversity, and focus on the unique and personal experiences of menopause. Data was collected via questionnaires and routine medical checkups, analyzing demographic, lifestyle, mood, symptom severity, and onset age variables. Results: Preliminary analysis indicates that 52.5% of participants from Spanish-speaking countries and the UAE reported vasomotor symptoms, with those in higher temperatures and lower altitudes experiencing exacerbated symptoms. Notably, Mediterranean climates were associated with an earlier menopause onset. Seasonal changes had minimal impact across all regions, suggesting lifestyle and other environmental factors play a more significant role. Conclusions: The findings highlight a clear link between climate-related geographical factors and the menopausal experience. Women in warmer, lower-altitude regions suffer more severe symptoms, while those in Mediterranean climates face earlier onset. The absence of significant seasonal variations across the studies underscores the predominance of lifestyle and environmental factors over purely climatic conditions. These insights pave the way for targeted interventions and support the need for further public health research into the complex interactions between climate change and menopause.展开更多
Patients are often nervous prior to surgery and females might suffer the most. Increased nervousness needs attention as it can negatively affect postoperative recovery. Support from nurses, i.e. being present, attenti...Patients are often nervous prior to surgery and females might suffer the most. Increased nervousness needs attention as it can negatively affect postoperative recovery. Support from nurses, i.e. being present, attentive, empowering and helpful to the patient, and talking about what is on the patient’s mind, might help to reduce nervousness. However, there is a lack of evidence as to the ideal level of attention and resources to reduce preoperative nervousness. The objective of the current study was to compare a range of care combinations with standard care to female patients prior to sedation and cancer surgery primarily on difference in change in nervousness from admission until sedation before cancer surgery, measured on a Visual Analouge Scale. Using simple randomization and numbers in sealed envelopes, adult gynaecological patients scheduled for open cancer surgery were allocated to care provided by a nurse anaesthetist and: A) a surgical nurse, B) no additional care, C) a known nurse , and D) a relative. Only the statistician was blinded. The trial stopped when the calculated numbers were included. In the full analysis set, compared to standard care A) (n = 61), we observed the following mean changes and [95% confidence intervals]: B) (n = 65) 1.05 [CI: 0.298 to 1.794] with p = 0.006, C) (n = 61): -0.38 [-1.140 to 0.385] with p = 0.330, D) (n = 71): 0.23 [-0.498 to 0.967] with p = 0.528. Female cancer patients will benefit from supportive care by a surgical nurse from the time of arrival on the operating ward plus supportive care from a nurse anesthetist from 5 - 10 minutes after entering the operating ward. It is not recommended at any time to rely fully on the support of relatives. The effect on adults of preoperative painful procedures and patients’ time alone on the operating ward should be further investigated.展开更多
文摘Background:Research has been conducted linking sports participation and health in childhood and adolescence;however,little is known about the contribution of sport to women's health.The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sport and women's health in the USA by analyzing data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System(BRFSS).Methods:This study was a secondary data analysis of the 2013 national BRFSS survey.Unlike the BRFSS core component from previous years,in2013,participants were questioned extensively about their physical activity behaviors.Seventy-six different activities were identifie by the participants.Two researchers categorized the 76 activities as sport,conditioning exercise,recreation,or household tasks based on previously identifie categories.Logistic regression was utilized to calculate odds ratios and adjusted odds ratios for chronic diseases based on physical activity category.Results:Women who participated in sport had better health outcomes with significant y lower odds for all chronic diseases except asthma and better general health than women who participated in conditioning exercise,household tasks,or recreation,and many of the significan differences remained after controlling for demographic characteristics.Conclusion:Sport participation was associated with more positive health outcomes among women in the USA compared with the other categories.As a means to improve health of women,the USA could focus on efforts to increase sport participation among women.
文摘The therapeutic termination of pregnancy(TToP)is an induced abortion following a diagnosis of medical necessity.TToP is applied to avoid the risk of substantial harm to the mother or in cases of fetal unviability.This type of induced abortion is provided after the second semester of gestation if fetal illness or the pregnancy cause physical danger or pathological mental distress to the mother.Sociocultural and economic determinants could influence the desire for children and family planning in couples,as well as the use of effective contraception and the choice to perform an induced abortion.Also,pre-existing mental health problems could affect the decision between carrying on a problematic pregnancy or having TToP.Furthermore,the TToP is a reproductive event with an important traumatic burden,but also with an intrinsic therapeutic effect and it can produce different psychological and psychopathological effects on women and couples.The aim of this review is to evaluate what demographic,reproductive and psychopathological determinants are involved in the choice of undergoing a TToP in women.Also,we will examine both positive and negative consequences of this procedure on women’s mental health,underlying which factors are related to a worse outcome in order to provide the best clinical support to vulnerable groups.
文摘The integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine (ICWM) of obstetrics and gynecology (OBS/GYN) emerged eventually with more than 40 years’ hard struggle, and one of the most promising articles is the integration of the masterpieces of menstrual disorder and infertility in TCM and the virtual explosion of new knowledge and methods in
文摘Magnesium is well known in the world of obstetrics for many important uses. It has been utilized in treating pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and preventing preterm labor, though it has been found recently that prolonged magnesium administration in pregnant women may result in adverse outcomes to fetal bone metabolism, resulting in a new FDA warning [1]. Outside of obstetrics, magnesium is recommended for treating the arrhythmias torsades de pointes and rapid atrial fibrillation, treating severe acute asthma, improving migraine symptoms, and for treating dyspepsia and constipation [2]. Many women in our modern society are magnesium deficient due to low dietary intake, and low dietary magnesium intake resulting in hypomagnesaemia has recently been shown to have many deleterious effects. Magnesium’s uses are wide-reaching, touching many areas of women’s health and gynecology from pre-menstrual syndrome to menopause, PCOS to endometriosis, and beyond.
基金supported through the National Evaluation Platform(NEP)project,funded by Global Affairs Canada and implemented by the National Institute of Health[of Mozambique](INS)and the Institute for International Programs of Johns Hopkins University(IIP-JHU).
文摘Background: Despite substantial investment in women’s health over the past two decades, and enthusiasticgovernment support for MDG 5 and SDG 3, health indicators for women in Mozambique remain among the lowest inthe world. Maternal mortality stayed constant from 2003 to 2011, with an MMR of 408;the estimated HIV prevalencefor women of 15-24 years is over twice that for men;and only 12.1% of women are estimated to be using moderncontraception. This study explores the perspectives of policy makers in the Mozambican health system and affiliates onthe challenges that are preventing Mozambique from achieving greater gains in women’s health.Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with 39 senior- and mid-level policy makers in the Ministry of Health andaffiliated institutions (32 women, 7 men). Participants were sampled using a combination of systematic randomsampling and snowball sampling. Participants were asked about their experiences formulating and implementinghealth policies and programs, what is needed to improve women’s health in Mozambique, and the barriers andopportunities to achieving such improvement.Results: Participants unanimously argued that women’s health is already sufficiently prioritized in national healthpolicies and strategies in Mozambique;the problem, rather, is the implementation and execution of existing women’shealth policies and programs. Participants raised challenges related to the policy making process itself, including anever-changing, fragmented decision-making process, lack of long-term perspective, weak evaluation, and misalignmentof programs across sectors. The disproportionate influence of donors was also mentioned, with lack of ownership,rapid transitions, and vertical programming limiting the scope for meaningful change. Finally, participants reported adisconnect between policy makers at the national level and realities on the ground, with poor dissemination ofstrategies, limited district resources, and poor consideration of local cultural contexts.Conclusions: To achieve meaningful gains in women’s health in Mozambique, more focus must be placed onresolving the bottleneck that is the implementation of existing policies. Barriers to implementation exist across multiplehealth systems components, therefore, solutions to address them must also reach across these multiple components.A holistic approach to strengthening the health system across multiple sectors and at multiple levels is needed.
文摘Background:Reducing disease risk for women after menopause is global health issue.A major portion of the Women’s Health Initiative(WHI)consisted of two clinical trials involving 161,809 post-menopausal women aged 50–79 that tested the effect of hormone replacement therapy(HRT)on reducing cardiovascular disease and other secondary outcomes.Previous analyses of the data reveal that HRT should not be recommended for postmenopausal women,but show potential benefits for younger women.Thus,there may be a critical period just prior to or during the early stages of menopause where HRT could be both safe and beneficial.Main body:Menopause marks the beginning of a process of non-reversible reduction in estrogen by which estrogen levels decline progressively,followed by a reduction in estrogen receptors.This results in periods of hormone-receptor imbalances,exacerbating the effects of lower serum estrogen and is considered the primarily endocrinal source of menopause symptoms.Eventually a hormone-receptor balance is achieved at a lower level.Here,we purport that the negative outcomes from WHI trials were primarily due to the fact preventive HRT was initiated in women who had already achieved hormone-receptor equilibrium at lower hormonal levels.Conclusion:We argue for further HRT clinical trials in women at varying stages of menopause,including premenopause and early menopause,and in women from different countries.Variation across countries and subgroups in how women experience menopause and perceive menopause symptoms suggest that biocultural differences should be considered in both study design and measurement approaches to test the effectiveness of HRT.Particularly,we recommend longitudinal studies to assess changes in hormonal level over time,and to detect the“most effective period”for HRT to reduce health risk for women going through the whole menopause period.
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;"><strong>Background:</strong> Herbal medicines use has prevailed over the past decades in both low-middle-income and high-income countries over the years. The use among women has increased with increased risks of ill-health. There is extensive literature on herbal medicine use among women in pre/pregnancy, labour, and the postpartum periods. Therefore, this study aimed to understand women’s purposes, experiences, and motivation for using herbal medicines during pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum, and the experiences associated with the use. <strong>Methods:</strong> Four critical databases were predetermined and searched: CINAHL, Medline, Web of Science, and EMBASE. These databases were chosen for their comprehensiveness and relevance to the review aims. We considered peer-reviewed published articles from January 2000 to December 2018. We chose these databases because we found that they are dominant in the medical and healthcare-related literature. All references were pooled to Endnote reference management software for screening. Quality appraisal of articles was conducted using the Mixed-Method Assessment Tool (MMAT). Content analysis approach was used to extra the data from the articles. Globally, twenty-one articles met the inclusion criteria, and thus, formed the dataset for this review.<strong> Results:</strong> Most articles (n = 10, 47.6%) reported solely HM uses on only pregnancy whiles the rest evaluated HM uses in labour, pre-pregnancy, and the postpartum periods. The results have shown that the majority of women received information about HM from friends, family, the “black markets,” and drug outlets. Overall, the results were presented in seven broad themes: 1) sociodemographic characteristics of HM users, 2) perceived threat of health problem, 3) sources and quality of the information received, 4) susceptibility to health complications, 5) potential limitations to the use of HM, 6) the motivation for HM utilization, 7) concerns on the combined use of herbal and allopathic medicines. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> The study recommends the further research into the toxicity of herbal products, to ensure that accurate information can be provided to women before use.</span>
文摘Objective:Gender-specific integrated health services have long existed in the arena of women’s health care,but men’s health centers(MHCs)have only recently emerged as a novel practice model.Here,we seek to evaluate the prevalence and format of MHCs found in the leading academic medical centers in the United States.Methods:The US News&World Report’s Top 50 Ranked Hospitals for Urology was used as our cohort.Data were gathered on the presence of MHCs and types of providers and conditions treated.An equivalent search was performed for women’s health centers(WHCs).Results:Sixteen of 50(32%)promoted some type of MHC,compared to 49 of 50(98%)offering a WHC.Eight of the top 15 ranked institutions(53%)had an MHC compared to eight of 35(23%)remaining programs.Six of 16 MHCs incorporated providers from a variety of medical disciplines,including urologists,internists,endocrinologists,cardiologists,and psychologists,while another six of 16 MHCs were staffed solely by urologists.Eight of 16 provided services for exclusively urologic issues,four of 16 offered additional services in treatment of other medical conditions,and four of 16 did not specify.
文摘Objectives:This study aims to ascertain if cultural factors influence the childbirth place choice of women in Oyigbo.Materials and Methods:The study used a cross‑sectional study design using a self‑structured questionnaire as the instrument to collect data from 384 volunteers through simple random sampling,and these data were analyzed using frequency and percentage for descriptive statistics while Chi‑square was used for inferential statistics at 0.05 level of significance.Results:The influence of cultural factors such as family traditions(χ^(2)=12.56,P=0.006),beliefs(χ^(2)=70.66,P=0.000),lack of confidence in health facilities(χ^(2)=367.83,P=0.000),and the presence of male skilled birth attendants(χ^(2)=50.85,P=0.000)were statistically significant to the choice of childbirth place,while patriarchal system(χ^(2)=2.99,P=0.393)was not statistically significant to the choices of childbirth places of women in Oyigbo.Religion had a statistically significant influence on childbirth place(χ^(2)=125.46,P=0.000).Conclusion:This study shows that religious and cultural factors have a significant influence on the childbirth place choices of women in Oyigbo Local Government Area of Rivers State.
文摘Urinary incontinence (UI) is a distressing condition involving involuntary</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> loss of urine from the body. Urinary incontinence can negatively impact a person</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s overall quality of life and lead them into stages of embarrassment and depression. It is an underrepresented and undertreated condition prevalent in women, especially in low socioeconomic regions where women may not be able to express their concerns due to unawareness of diagnosis and treatment</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">/management</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> options. There are different diagnostic and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">management</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> protocols for UI;however, utilizing artificially intelligent systems is not standard care. This paper overviews</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">the use of artificial intelligence in women</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">’</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s health and as a means of cost-effectively diagnosing patients,</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and as an avenue for providing low-cost treatments to women that suffer from urinary incontinence in low-resource communities. Studies found that these systems, mainly utilizing artificial neural networks </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">(ANNs) </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and convolution</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">al</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> neural networks</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (CNNs)</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, served to be an effective method in diagnosing patients and providing an avenue for personalized treatment for improved patient outcomes. A simple artificial intel</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ligence (AI) model utilizing Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Networks was</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> proposed to diagnose and </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">manage</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> urinary incontinence.
文摘Vulvovaginal candidiasis is an infection of the genital mucosa, which involves the vulva and vagina caused by yeast. It is considered a recurrent pathology and a public health problem that causes discomfort by the triggers and that, when left untreated, can lead to health problems. The present study is a report of two cases treated with the MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> Scar Acceleration Method - (MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">)</span><b> </b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">methodology at the Physiotherapy School Clinic of Teaching Center of Campos Gerais (CESCAGE) as a pilot for the proposal to implement the protocol at the Municipal Center for Women’s Health—CMM in the municipality of Ponta Grossa—PR, Brazil. The patients were referred by Basic Health Units in the city with complaints of pruritus, vaginal discharge and local burning with the diagnosis of candidiasis evidenced by culture and antibiogram. Patients were treated with photodynamic therapy using the MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> method for 14 consecutive days with 660 nm red laser phototherapy, 100 mW of power, 9 joules of energy, photosensitizing the drug Turmeric Long in one of the participants and propolis in the other, using 1% methylene blue dye. Both patients and researchers did not have access to which drug was being used for each participant. Photodynamic therapy potentiated the effects of drugs considering that patients showed gradual improvement with the applied application, which was proven in the analysis of sample secretions performed before and after treatment. The MAC<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><sup><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span style="white-space:nowrap;">®</span></span></sup></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> method had a positive effect in the protocol used and is strengthened as a possibility for treatments aimed at women’s health with regard to vulvovaginal diseases. It is suggested and intended to carry out further research with a greater number of patients using the referred method.</span></span>
文摘Introduction: Nocturia has a multifactorial etiology, and its diagnostic approach involves, in addition to medical history and physical examination, the use of a bladder diary to define the pathophysiological mechanisms present in each case. Methods: This study investigated the prevalence of nocturia, its mechanisms, and associated factors in women with lower urinary tract symptoms attending two urogynecology clinics in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Anamnesis, physical examination, and a 24-hour bladder diary were conducted. Two definitions of nocturia were considered: one or more nighttime voids and two or more nighttime voids. Mann-Whitney and Chi-square tests were used, with p-value ≤ 0.05 considered significant. Results: A total of 133 participants were included. The majority were aged 60 years or older (61.4%) and had three or more comorbidities (66.7%), with systemic arterial hypertension being the most prevalent (59.1%). Of the total participants, 54 (41.4%) completed the bladder diary. Among those with one or more nighttime voids (70.7%), the prevalence of nocturnal polyuria was 69.1%, reduced nocturnal bladder capacity was 17.3%, and global polyuria was 12.9%. Among participants with two or more nighttime voids (56.4%), the prevalences were respectively 68.2%, 19.1%, and 13.6%. Among the mechanisms, associations were found only with global polyuria, namely: use of insulin, body mass index and tobacco consumption. An association was also found between recurrent urinary tract infection and global polyuria in participants with two or more nighttime voids. Conclusions: The prevalence of nocturia was higher than that reported in general population studies and specialized services for lower urinary tract symptoms. Nocturnal polyuria was the most prevalent mechanism. Associations were observed between the use of insulin, body mass index, tobacco consumption, and recurrent urinary tract infection with global polyuria. No associations were found between any clinical or demographic variables and nocturnal polyuria or reduced nocturnal bladder capacity.
基金a grant from the Coordination of Improvement of Higher Education Personnel(CAPES)and the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq).
文摘It aimed to analyze the assistance to the blind woman during prenatal care, childbirth, and child-care in light of the Model of Attention to Chronic Conditions. This is a descriptive, qualitative study. A collection was done through semi-structured interview and analysis of the speeches, conducted by content technique proposed by Bardin, emerging from the screening process. Ten mothers aged between 21 and 42 years old participated in the study. Three categories were identified: prescriptive and focused attention on the disease;for collaborative and focused attention on the person;uniprofessional attention to the multidisciplinary attention;establishment of relationship between the family health strategy and the specialized outpatient care. The women experienced chronic conditions according to the Model in addition to blindness. Study results show that for blind women, attention in the health service has weaknesses in service, both in the prenatal period and childbirth, and in childcare. It deems necessary transformation in assisting the blind woman.
文摘Background: With population aging occurring worldwide, promoting climacteric women’s health has become the object of important studies. Purpose: Observing the prevalence of depression in climacteric women and their self-evaluation of the depression factors is the main goal of this study. Design: This cross-sectional research is enquiry descriptive. Methods: The sample was composed of 48 climacteric women (between 45 and 65 years old) non-selected volunteers, served by the Centers for Psycho and Social Attention (CAPS) of Specialized Mental Medicine, in Sorocaba, via the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) questionnaire. Results: Checking the mean and frequency distribution, the climacteric women presented a prevalence of 37.5% of moderate depression (BDIindex = 24.39 ± 3.13), and 47.92% of severe depression (BDIindex = 38.13 ± 6.78). Concerning the symptoms, Spearman rank order correlation was found as the highest concerns, hierarchically: indecision (r = 0.72, p Conclusions: The prevalence of depression in these CAPS climacteric women was considered very high (86% ranking from moderate to severe) caused mostly by indecision, anhedonia, guilt, crying and self-esteem, followed by inutility, self-criticism and loss of concentration.
文摘Objective: This systematic review investigates the impact of climate change on menopause, focusing on the correlation between geographical location—considering altitude, temperature, humidity, and annual temperature range—and women’s menopausal experiences. This study aims to interpret how these environmental factors influence the age of onset, severity of symptoms such as hot flushes and night sweats, and other long-term effects of menopause. Understanding these relationships addresses a significant gap in current knowledge and could guide future public health strategies. Methods: Through a comprehensive analysis of three cross-continental studies involving 1500 postmenopausal women from Spain, South American countries (Ecuador, Panama, Chile), various climates in Türkiye (Black Sea, Mediterranean, Continental), and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), this review evaluates diverse environmental impacts. Studies were selected based on their methodological rigor, geographical diversity, and focus on the unique and personal experiences of menopause. Data was collected via questionnaires and routine medical checkups, analyzing demographic, lifestyle, mood, symptom severity, and onset age variables. Results: Preliminary analysis indicates that 52.5% of participants from Spanish-speaking countries and the UAE reported vasomotor symptoms, with those in higher temperatures and lower altitudes experiencing exacerbated symptoms. Notably, Mediterranean climates were associated with an earlier menopause onset. Seasonal changes had minimal impact across all regions, suggesting lifestyle and other environmental factors play a more significant role. Conclusions: The findings highlight a clear link between climate-related geographical factors and the menopausal experience. Women in warmer, lower-altitude regions suffer more severe symptoms, while those in Mediterranean climates face earlier onset. The absence of significant seasonal variations across the studies underscores the predominance of lifestyle and environmental factors over purely climatic conditions. These insights pave the way for targeted interventions and support the need for further public health research into the complex interactions between climate change and menopause.
文摘Patients are often nervous prior to surgery and females might suffer the most. Increased nervousness needs attention as it can negatively affect postoperative recovery. Support from nurses, i.e. being present, attentive, empowering and helpful to the patient, and talking about what is on the patient’s mind, might help to reduce nervousness. However, there is a lack of evidence as to the ideal level of attention and resources to reduce preoperative nervousness. The objective of the current study was to compare a range of care combinations with standard care to female patients prior to sedation and cancer surgery primarily on difference in change in nervousness from admission until sedation before cancer surgery, measured on a Visual Analouge Scale. Using simple randomization and numbers in sealed envelopes, adult gynaecological patients scheduled for open cancer surgery were allocated to care provided by a nurse anaesthetist and: A) a surgical nurse, B) no additional care, C) a known nurse , and D) a relative. Only the statistician was blinded. The trial stopped when the calculated numbers were included. In the full analysis set, compared to standard care A) (n = 61), we observed the following mean changes and [95% confidence intervals]: B) (n = 65) 1.05 [CI: 0.298 to 1.794] with p = 0.006, C) (n = 61): -0.38 [-1.140 to 0.385] with p = 0.330, D) (n = 71): 0.23 [-0.498 to 0.967] with p = 0.528. Female cancer patients will benefit from supportive care by a surgical nurse from the time of arrival on the operating ward plus supportive care from a nurse anesthetist from 5 - 10 minutes after entering the operating ward. It is not recommended at any time to rely fully on the support of relatives. The effect on adults of preoperative painful procedures and patients’ time alone on the operating ward should be further investigated.