Habits on Social Networks at Workplace: A Survey of Motivations and Behaviour

This article explores the use of social networks by workers in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, with particular emphasis on a descriptive or quantitative analysis aimed at understanding motivations and methods of use. More than five hundred and fifty questionnaires were distributed, highlighting workers’ preferred digital channels and platforms. The results indicate that the majority use social media through their mobile phones, with WhatsApp being the most popular app, followed by Facebook and LinkedIn. The study reveals that workers use social media for entertainment purposes and to develop professional and social relationships, with 55% unable to live without social media at work for recreational activities. In addition, 35% spend on average 1 to 2 hours on social networks, mainly between 12 p.m. and 2 p.m. It also appears that 46% believe that social networks moderately improve their productivity. These findings can guide marketing strategies, training, technology development and government policies related to the use of social media in the workplace.

The Research of Cenozoic Migrant Worker Satisfaction

The phenomenon of Cenozoic migrant worker shortage is a realism problem of China's enterprise, and Cenozoic migrant worker has become an important force occupied the social structure. So the study of Cenozoic migrant worker's status and the demand is imperative. Understand employees' both psychological and physiological satisfaction of enterprises' environmental factors, and make some corresponding changes is of great help to reduce the employee turnover rate. This paper commenced to research from the Cenozoic migrant worker 's characteristics, analyzed conditions and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures.

Association of TNF-α-238G/A and 308 G/A Gene Polymorphisms with Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Patients with Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis

Objectives Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） may play an important role in host＇s immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） infection. This study was to investigate the association of TNF-α gene polymorphism with pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） among patients with coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis （CWP）. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 113 patients with confirmed CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and 113 non-TB controls with CWP. They were matched in gender, age, job, and stage of pneumoconiosis. All participants were interviewed with questionnaires and their blood specimens were collected for genetic determination with informed consent. The TNF-α gene polymorphism was determined with polymerase chain reaction of restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP）. Frequency of genotypes was assessed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by chi-square test or Fisher＇s exact probability. Factors influencing the association of individual susceptibility with pulmonary TB were evaluated with logistic regression analysis. Gene-environment interaction was evaluated by a multiplieative model with combined OR. All data were analyzed using SAS version 8.2 software. Results No significant difference in frequency of the TNF-α-308 genotype was found between CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and non-TB controls （2,2=5.44, P=-0.07）. But difference in frequency of the TNF-α-308 A allele was identified between them （2,2-5.14, P=0.02）. No significant difference in frequencies of the TNF-α-238 genotype and allele （P=0.23 and P=0.09, respectively） was found between cases and controls either, with combined （GG and AA） OR of 3.96 （95% confidence interval of 1.30-12.09） at the -308 locus of the TNF-α gene, as compared to combination of the TNF-α-238 GG and TNF-α-308 GG genotypes. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of the TNF-α-238 GG and TNF-α-308 GA genotypes was 1.98 （95% CI of 1.06-3.71） for risk for pulmonary TB in patients with CWP. There was a synergic interaction between the TNF-a-308 GG genotype and body mass index （OR=4.92）, as well as an interaction between the TNF-α-308 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or history of TB exposure. And, the interaction of the TNF-α-238 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or TB exposure with risk for pulmonary TB in them was also indicated. Conclusions TNF-α-308 A allele is associated with an elevated risk for pulmonary TB, whereas TNF-α-238 A allele was otherwise.

An analysis of contributing mining factors in coal workers’pneumoconiosis prevalence in the United States coal mines,1986-2018

In the United States,an unexpected and severe increase in coal miners’lung diseases in the late 1990s prompted researchers to investigate the causes of the disease resurgence.This study aims to scrutinize the effects of various mining parameters,including coal rank,mine size,mine operation type,coal seam height,and geographical location on the prevalence of coal worker’s pneumoconiosis(CWP)in surface and underground coal mines.A comprehensive dataset was created using the U.S.Mine Safety and Health Administration(MSHA)Employment and Accident/Injury databases.The information was merged based on the mine ID by utilizing SQL data management software.A total number of 123,589 mine-year observations were included in the statistical analysis.Generalized Estimating Equation(GEE)model was used to conduct a statistical analysis on a total of 29,707,and 32,643 mine-year observations for underground and surface coal mines,respectively.The results of the econometrics approach revealed that coal workers in underground coal mines are at a greater risk of CWP comparing to those of surface coal operations.Furthermore,underground coal mines in the Appalachia and Interior regions are at a higher risk of CWP prevalence than the Western region.Surface coal mines in the Appalachian coal region are more likely to CWP development than miners in the Western region.The analysis also indicated that coal workers working in smaller mines are more vulnerable to CWP than those in large mine sizes.Furthermore,coal workers in thin-seam underground mine operations are more likely to develop CWP.

听·学·联:新版PEP教材中Let’s chant的教学策略

新版PEP教材中的Let’s chant板块具有短小、生动的特点。其特有的音韵、节奏深受学生喜欢。教师应深入挖掘教材,充分发挥Let’s chant在提高学生综合语言运用能力和思维能力方面的作用。具体可以运用3L范式,从"Listen:听语音,感知节奏,感受韵律;Learn:学语言,认识单词,掌握句子,理解文本;Link:联系学情,重构文本,发展思维"三个方面入手,从语言学习、表达训练、思维培养等方面提高学生的语言学习能力和语言运用能力。

Differences in Male Climacteric Symptoms and Lifestyle Depending on the Duration of Working among Rotating Night Shift Workers

Background: There are various health problems in rotating shift workers. There have been few studies on the associations of male climacteric symptoms with duration of working and lifestyle. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the differences in male climacteric symptoms depending on the number of working years and to determine whether lifestyle habits differ depending on the number of working years in rotating shift workers. Methods: We collected participant’s data from the manufacturing companies in Japan during the period from March to May in 2017. We conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey in 1561 male rotating night shift workers. Male climacteric symptoms were evaluated by using the Aging Males’ Symptoms (AMS) rating scale. We analyzed 636 rotating shift workers aged over 40 years old whose all AMS data was collected. Results: A significant difference in psychological AMS score was found between men who had worked for 10 - 19 years (9.4 ± 3.9) and men who had worked for more than 40 years (7.6 ± 3.0) (p = 0.011). Sexual functional AMS score significantly differed depending on the number of working years (less than 10 years: 8.1 ± 3.9, 10 - 19 years: 9.8 ± 4.1, 20 - 29 years: 7.9 ± 3.3, 30 - 39 years: 9.3 ± 3.5, more than 40 years: 9.3 ± 3.5) (p < 0.001). The proportion of workers with a balanced meal intake was significantly lower in men who had worked for less than 10 years and the proportions of such workers were significantly higher in men who had worked for 10 - 19 years and for more than 40 years. The proportions of men who did not drink alcohol were high in men who had worked for less than 10 years and 20 - 29 years and low in men who had worked more than 30 years. Conclusion: Psychological AMS score and sexual functional AMS score are significantly different among the 5 groups according to the number of working years on rotating shift. In addition, well-balanced diet on day shift and reduction of alcohol drinking is a related-factor for long-term rotating night shift workers.

Wage Levels of Rural Migrant Workers in China during 1979-2010： Estimates and Trends

Studies on long-term wage levels of rural migrant workers are rarely found in relevant literature. On the basis of systematic collection of statistical data, this paper gives a quantitative estimation of the wage level of rural migrant workers in China and its evolution following pro market reforms since 1978. Results indicate that over the past 30 years, the nominal monetary wage of migrant workers maintained a 10% average annual increase. Real wage levels adjusted by the consumer price index （CPI） experienced three stages of evolution： initially, migrant workers earned a higher average monetary salary than formal employees, whereas this situation reversed in later stages.

Development of PC Worker’s Management System in PC Training Room and Office by Using IoT Technology

At present time, there has been a demand for management systems that can survey and monitor a PC （personal computer） practice room, movement of people in an office, situation of utilization of facilities and so on in real time without causing psychological stress. For example, PC administrators in Japanese national educational institutions must report operation status of PC practice rooms once a year. But, there is currently no system for automatically recording PC operating situations. Therefore, the burden on the PC administrators is big. In this study, we aimed at systems for accurately managing the sitting and work time without psychologically stressing PC users. This time, we propose uniform management systems of sitting and work time using smart tap node and mat sensor node by IoT （Internet of Things） technology. The smart tap was connected to PCs to acquire the operating status of the PCs. In parallel with this smart tap, the mat sensor was used to acquire human presence state. By calculating binary data representing the PC operating status and human presence state from the two sensing data （smart tap and mat sensor） by the proposed technique, we can exactly calculate wasteful power consumption etc. The use of IoT technology makes it unnecessary to use large installation services when introducing our system. Therefore, this our proposal system can be easily installed even by unskilled workers.

Benzene Monitoring and S-Phenylmercapturic Acid Determination of Workers at Oil Sites in Congo-Brazzaville

The toxicity of benzene is well known, and its leukemia effect has established. It is a natural constituent of crude oil and the diseases related to its exposure are recognized as occupational diseases. Objective: To assess occupational exposure of benzene to workers in an oil and gas production company. Materials and Methods: Firstly, it was a descriptive, cross-sectional study which consisted of benzene atmospheric quantification in a sample individual measurement of a homogeneous exposure group of workers. Secondly, urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid have been performed at the end of the shift in the selected workers. Results: The study has included 79 (47.88%) workers, 17 atmospheric samples were usable and 79 urinary assays at the end of the shift were performed. The average benzene concentration for all sites was 10 times lower than the regulatory average exposure value (1 ppm = 3.2 mg/m3): average: 0.122 pp, median: 0.053 ppm and range: 0.019 - 1.448 ppm. All 79 urinary assays of S-phenylmercapturic acid with a biological exposure index of less than 25 μg/g creatinine: mean: 0.70 μg/g creatinine, median: 0.52 μg/g creatinine and extends: 0.23 to 6.7 μg/g creatinine. Conclusion: Exposure was below to the limit value for benzene in both atmospheric metrology and biometrology. Therefore it is an occupational group with low exposure to benzene. Thus, the medical supervision will be adapted according to the potentially exposing tasks.

焦炉工血清GST活力与尿1-羟基芘和GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态的关系

目的研究血清谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GST)能否作为焦炉工人多环芳烃的暴露评价指标,同时探讨GSTM1、GSTT1基因多态性与血清GST活力的关系。方法选择某焦化厂39名男性焦炉工人和44名男性对照工人,采用统一的调查表调查一般情况。采集静脉血分析血清GST活力和GSTM1、GSTT1基因型,采集尿样分析尿1-羟基芘(1-OHP)浓度。血清GST活力用试剂盒检测;尿1-羟基芘(1-OHP)浓度作为多环芳烃内暴露剂量,用碱水解-高效液相色谱方法测定;GSTM1和GSTT1基因多态性分析采用PCR方法。结果焦炉工人尿1-OHP浓度(中位数为5.60μmol/mol肌酐)和血清GST活力(中位数25.75U/ml)分别高于对照组(尿1-OHP浓度:中位数1.32μmol/mol肌酐,血清GST活力:14.54U/ml),差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。GSTM1(-/-)和GSTT1(-/-)型工人的血清GST活力分别与GSTM1(-/+,+/+)和GSTT1(-/+,+/+)型工人的血清GST活力相比,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。广义线性回归分析显示,尿1-OHP对血清GST的影响具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。血清GST活力和尿1-OHP浓度存在统计学正相关(r=0.357,P<0.001,n=83)。结论焦炉工人血清GST有可能作为多环芳烃暴露评价的参数;未见GSTM1和GSTT1基因缺失对血清GST活力的影响。

基于D-S证据理论的地下洞室作业人员安全行为评价

为系统地评价地下洞室作业人员安全行为水平,综合运用集对分析和D-S证据理论,提出一种基于D-S证据理论的作业人员安全行为评价方法。首先,分析了影响作业人员安全行为的因素,构建包括作业人员安全素养、生理因素、心理因素、作业技术等4个一级指标及16个二级指标的综合评价指标体系,并将安全行为等级划分为4级;其次,采用集对分析处理二级指标的不确定性,产生基本信度分配函数(BPA);然后,利用D-S证据理论,融合一级指标的BPA,产生最终安全等级隶属度;最后,结合最大隶属度原则和信任准则,确定地下洞室作业人员安全行为等级。以某水电站引水隧洞开挖工程为例,确定该工程中作业人员行为安全等级为z2级,即一般安全,符合工程实际。

Profile Analysis of the Proteome of the Egg of the High Royal Jelly Producing Bees (Apis mellifera L.)

The protein composition of the egg development in the high royal jelly producing bees （Apis mellifera L.） was investigated. This pioneer study was to separate and quantify the proteins in the egg of the high royal jelly producing worker bees （Apis mellifera L.） by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis along with their three-day development. The results showed that 160, 195, and 176 proteins, with a wide range of molecular weight （17-80 KDa） and relatively narrow scope of pI （4. 00-8.40） could be detected on day 1, day 2, and day 3, respectively, during the developmental process of the egg. Meanwhile 44 protein spots were constantly detected along with the egg development. Among them 36% were in the uptrend along with the egg development, 14% were in the downtrend, and 39% were of the largest expressed volume on day 2. In addition, the specific proteins were expressed on day 1, day 2, and day 3 （89, 77, and 80, respectively）. Besides the coexistent and specific proteins, 24 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 2, but silenced on day 3, 49 proteins were expressed on day 2 and day 3, but silenced on day 1, only 3 proteins were expressed on day 1 and day 3, but silenced on day 2. The result indicates that egg development is a sequential and complex gene controlled process, where the eggs of day 2 express the most active proteins. The coexistent proteins suggest that it is conservative and indispensable for this event. These specific proteins suggest that the different developmental stage needs specific proteins to regulate it.

基于S-HOG+C算子的变电作业人员着装分析方法研究

为了在变电作业复杂环境中采用HOG和HOC特征进行着装分析时能满足识别精确度的要求,研究了对HOG+C算子的改进方法。首先,考虑到变电作业人员的头盔、上衣和下衣3个部分的形状特征明显不同,且各部分之间差异较大,提出对作业人员图像进行结构划分,然后再对划分所得的3个单元格分别同时提取HOG和HOC特征来训练线性SVM分类器,通过设计S-HOG+C算子来提高变电作业人员着装分析系统的识别精准度,最后采用3个评估指标分析了S-HOG+C算子在变电作业人员着装分析方面的性能。结果表明,在识别准确度方面S-HOG+C算子优于HOG+C算子。

Marx’s Alienated Labor Theory

“Alienated labor”came from Marx’s Manuscript of Philosophy and Economics in 1844.This theory was formed on the basis of Marx’s critical inheritance of predecessors’thoughts on alienation and the reality under the capitalist system.It is of great significance to understand the final formation of Marx’s historical materialism.

Just in Time Education: Educational Technology for Professional’s Health

Objective: Verify if the educational technology based on Just in Time Education is relevant to Permanent Health Education in Workers’ Health. Method: This study is exploratory and descriptive qualitative research. Were performed semi-structured interviews were carried out with the worker’s health team of a large company from the South of Brazil region. The collected data were carried out in 2021, between January and May, through the virtual environment, with eight participants from the Work Health Team of Eletrosul, located in Florianópolis, who agreed to participate in the research by signing the Free and Informed Consent Term, in accordance with the data saturation criterion. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee (n. 4079133) and the data were submitted to Bardin for thematic content analysis. Result: The results are presented from three categories: 1) Expansion and inclusion in Permanent Education needs;2) Tools adopted in educational processes;3) Just in Time Education: educational technology for workers’ health. Conclusion: The active methodology Just in Time Education helps the processes of Permanent Education in Health, which moved from a face-to-face model to e-learning and required the knowledge renewal in the technology area to maintain efficient communication. This methodology allows quick and accurate access to information from a reliable, adequate, and up-to-date source, causing a positive impact on the qualified and problem-solving work process, in line with the needs of the employer and the company. Therefore, Just in Time Education can provide standardization, organization, and informational and operational quality necessary in this context, in addition to serving as an indicator and data generator (management tool).

厚朴麻黄汤加减治疗煤工尘肺合并急性感染的临床观察

目的观察厚朴麻黄汤加减联合常规抗感染治疗煤工尘肺合并急性感染的临床疗效。方法将68例尘肺患者随机分为两组。两组均给予常规抗感染治疗,治疗组加用厚朴麻黄汤加减。观察两组临床综合疗效及治疗前后中医证候评分、肺功能指标、炎症指标。结果治疗组临床总有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组治疗后中医证候评分、肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气量(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、第1秒用力呼气量/用力肺活量(FEV1/FVC)]、炎症指标[肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]均明显优于治疗前(P<0.05),治疗组上述指标均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论在常规抗感染治疗基础上联合应用厚朴麻黄汤加减可明显改善煤工尘肺合并急性感染患者的临床证候、肺功能指标及炎症指标,疗效确切。

王尽美教育思想及其当代启示

王尽美作为中国共产党创始人之一,以求学经历及革命教育实践为基点,站在最广大人民群众的视角,从中国社会转型的浪潮中,剖析当时教育问题,提出通过教育改造社会的观点。他反对阶级教育,提倡平民教育,反对旧式教育,提倡新式教育。王尽美教育理念涵盖乡村教育、师范教育、女子教育与工人教育,在当时对普及山东平民教育、培养教育人才、保护受教育权、推动教育改革和革命发展起到积极作用;为当下我们立足社会现实,分析探索教育的改革和发展有重要的借鉴意义。

煤工尘肺患者一氧化氮、丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶的测定分析

目的探讨一氧化氮(NO)、丙二醛(MDA)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)在煤工尘肺发生发展中的意义。方法分别采用硝酸还原酶法、硫代巴比妥酸显色法、黄嘌呤氧化酶法测定50例煤工尘肺患者与50例健康对照血清NO、MDA的含量及SOD的活力。结果煤工尘肺患者血清中NO和MDA的含量分别为高于对照组,SOD活力低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。3指标相关性分析表明,煤工尘肺患者血清NO与SOD呈负相关关系(P<0.05),而NO与MDA、MDA与SOD之间均无相关关系(P>0.05);在健康对照组中,3指标均无相关关系(P>0.05)。结论煤工尘肺患者体内氧自由基反应异常、氧化/抗氧化状态失衡可能与尘肺的发生发展有关。

740例农民工随迁子女心理健康状况分析

目的探讨重庆市农民工随迁子女的心理健康状况及其相关因素。方法抽取该市指定招收进城务工农民子女的3所中学中7、8、9年级学生共740名,其中包括399名农民工随迁子女和341名主城区户籍学生。运用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、和自制的一般情况调查表进行调查。结果农民工随迁子女SCL-90各因子分与主城区户籍学生差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重庆市农民工随迁子女心理健康状况较好,但仍存在一些问题,需进一步研究探索系统的心理干预方式,维护其身心健康。