This article presents a ground theory to explain why some individuals choose to be unhappy rather than happy,supported by empirical data collected from a sample of 750 professionals in Greece’s public and private sec...This article presents a ground theory to explain why some individuals choose to be unhappy rather than happy,supported by empirical data collected from a sample of 750 professionals in Greece’s public and private sectors.We begin by reviewing the existing literature on happiness and well-being,highlighting the debate between hedonic and eudaimonic perspectives.We then introduce our research questions and rationale,and describe our methods,sample,and psychometric tools used to measure happiness and other variables of interest.Our results indicate that various factors,including cultural influences,past experiences,and personal values,contribute to individuals’pursuit of unhappiness.We conclude with a thorough discussion of our results and their implications for future research and interventions aimed at promoting well-being.展开更多
A composite beam is symmetric if both the material property and support are symmetric with respect to the middle point. In order to study the free vibration performance of the symmetric composite beams with different ...A composite beam is symmetric if both the material property and support are symmetric with respect to the middle point. In order to study the free vibration performance of the symmetric composite beams with different complex nonsmooth/discontinuous interfaces, we develop an R(x)-orthonormal theory, where R(x) is an integrable flexural rigidity function. The R(x)-orthonormal bases in the linear space of boundary functions are constructed, of which the second-order derivatives of the boundary functions are asked to be orthonormal with respect to the weight function R(x). When the vibration modes of the symmetric composite beam are expressed in terms of the R(x)-orthonormal bases we can derive an eigenvalue problem endowed with a special structure of the coefficient matrix A :=[aij ],aij= 0 if i + j is odd. Based on the special structure we can prove two new theorems, which indicate that the characteristic equation of A can be decomposed into the product of the characteristic equations of two sub-matrices with dimensions half lower. Hence, we can sequentially solve the natural frequencies in closed-form owing to the specialty of A. We use this powerful new theory to analyze the free vibration performance and the vibration modes of symmetric composite beams with three different interfaces.展开更多
To elucidate feasible routes of producing CO from CH 3 and unravel the eff ect of adsorbed O on CH x transformation, the reactivity of CH x ( x = 1-3) with and without the assistance of adsorbed atomic O on Ni(111) wa...To elucidate feasible routes of producing CO from CH 3 and unravel the eff ect of adsorbed O on CH x transformation, the reactivity of CH x ( x = 1-3) with and without the assistance of adsorbed atomic O on Ni(111) was explored using density functional theory calculations. The adsorption energies of CH x ( x = 0-3) were found to be signifi cantly reduced on an O-preadsorbed Ni(111) surface compared to a pure surface. Furthermore, O-assisted one-step dehydrogenation of CH x ( x = 1-3) features energy barriers and thus is diffi cult to proceed. In terms of energy, the direct dissociation of CH 3 is favorable, except for the last CH dehydrogenation, which is energy intensive. Interestingly, in O-assisted two-step CH transformation to CO via CHO intermediate, the barrier is dramatically lowered. The successive dehydrogenations of CH x O ( x = 1-3) were also found to be a route for CO formation. Finally, two possible pathways from CH 3 to CO are proposed:(a) CH 3 → CH 2 → CH → CHO → CO;(b) CH 3 → CH 3 O → CH 2 O → CHO → CO.展开更多
Low-frequency resistance noise spectroscopy is applied to investigate bulk single crystals of the intercalated ironselenide K_(x)Fe_(2-y)Se_(2) superconductors with different iron vacancy orders.Based on a generalized...Low-frequency resistance noise spectroscopy is applied to investigate bulk single crystals of the intercalated ironselenide K_(x)Fe_(2-y)Se_(2) superconductors with different iron vacancy orders.Based on a generalized fluctuation model,the well-observed resistance hump above 100 K is interpreted as an insulator-metal phase transition with a characteristic transition energy of 0.1-0.6 eV,indicating a highly inhomogeneous energy distribution configuration.In the superconducting transition regime,we find that the normalized resistance noise scales with resistance R excellently as S_(R)/R^(2)∝R^(l_(rs)) with the noise exponent lrs≈1.4.With reduced iron vacancy disordering in enhanced superconductivity K_(x)Fe_(2-y)Se_(2) crystals,the level of resistance fluctuations is greatly suppressed,suggesting a geometrical phase transition for conduction channel,which is directly related to the microstructure of the crystals.展开更多
Motivation and employee behavior have been characterized as strong factors for employee job performance.McGregor’s theory is one of the most recognized and influential theories that perfectly explains the relationshi...Motivation and employee behavior have been characterized as strong factors for employee job performance.McGregor’s theory is one of the most recognized and influential theories that perfectly explains the relationship between those factors and focuses on management and organizational behavior.Specifically,this theory emphasizes that employees are characterized as Type X or Type Y,and motivation is achieved in different ways according to the type.This paper was conducted to address important areas of McGregor’s theory,to discuss how the theory is applied in the workplace,and to elaborate on how recent studies have assembled scientific valid instruments to evaluate X and Y employee behaviors and employee performance.Recommendations for future research and applications will be addressed too.展开更多
The magnetostriction and acoustics properties of Tb1-x xDyx (Fe1-yMny) 1.95 alloys and their application to sonar transducers were studied. The following results were obtained from experiments. When the applied magn...The magnetostriction and acoustics properties of Tb1-x xDyx (Fe1-yMny) 1.95 alloys and their application to sonar transducers were studied. The following results were obtained from experiments. When the applied magnetic field intensity is ≥ 800 kA·m-1, the magnetostrictive coefficients are (1300- 1800)× 10-6. The electromechanical coupling factors are 0.84-0.93, the sound velocities 2168-2856 m·s-1 and the Young's modulus (5.06- 7.26) ×10 N·m-2. A sonar transducer made of the alloy rod, which has a total length of 300 mm and a total weight of 2 kg, is characterized by 2.4 kHz specified resonant frequency, 1 kHz frequency band, 173 kB current response and 45% electroacoustic efficiency.展开更多
In this paper, we investigated the structural, electronic and optical properties of InAs, InN and InP binary compounds and their related ternary and quaternary alloys by using the full potential linearized augmented p...In this paper, we investigated the structural, electronic and optical properties of InAs, InN and InP binary compounds and their related ternary and quaternary alloys by using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave（FP-LAPW）method based on density functional theory（DFT）. The total energies, the lattice parameters, and the bulk modulus and its first pressure derivative were calculated using different exchange correlation approximations. The local density approach（LDA） and Tran–Blaha modified Becke–Johnson（TB-m BJ） approximations were used to calculate the band structure.Nonlinear variations of the lattice parameters, the bulk modulus and the band gap with compositions x and y are found.Furthermore, the optical properties and the dielectric function, refractive index and loss energy were computed. Our results are in good agreement with the validated experimental and theoretical data found in the literature.展开更多
The 3x + 1 problem, is a math problem that has baffled mathematicians for over 50 years. It’s easy to explain: take any positive number, if it’s even, divide it by 2;if it’s odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. Repeat ...The 3x + 1 problem, is a math problem that has baffled mathematicians for over 50 years. It’s easy to explain: take any positive number, if it’s even, divide it by 2;if it’s odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. Repeat this process with the resulting number, and the conjecture says that you will eventually reach 1. Despite testing all starting values up to an enormous number, no one has proved the conjecture is true for all possible starting values. The problem’s importance lies in its simplicity and difficulty, inspiring new ideas in mathematics and advancing fields like number theory, dynamical systems, and computer science. Proving or disproving the conjecture would revolutionize our understanding of math. The presence of infinite sequences is a matter of question. To investigate and solve this conjecture, we are utilizing a novel approach involving the fields of number theory and computer science.展开更多
文摘This article presents a ground theory to explain why some individuals choose to be unhappy rather than happy,supported by empirical data collected from a sample of 750 professionals in Greece’s public and private sectors.We begin by reviewing the existing literature on happiness and well-being,highlighting the debate between hedonic and eudaimonic perspectives.We then introduce our research questions and rationale,and describe our methods,sample,and psychometric tools used to measure happiness and other variables of interest.Our results indicate that various factors,including cultural influences,past experiences,and personal values,contribute to individuals’pursuit of unhappiness.We conclude with a thorough discussion of our results and their implications for future research and interventions aimed at promoting well-being.
文摘A composite beam is symmetric if both the material property and support are symmetric with respect to the middle point. In order to study the free vibration performance of the symmetric composite beams with different complex nonsmooth/discontinuous interfaces, we develop an R(x)-orthonormal theory, where R(x) is an integrable flexural rigidity function. The R(x)-orthonormal bases in the linear space of boundary functions are constructed, of which the second-order derivatives of the boundary functions are asked to be orthonormal with respect to the weight function R(x). When the vibration modes of the symmetric composite beam are expressed in terms of the R(x)-orthonormal bases we can derive an eigenvalue problem endowed with a special structure of the coefficient matrix A :=[aij ],aij= 0 if i + j is odd. Based on the special structure we can prove two new theorems, which indicate that the characteristic equation of A can be decomposed into the product of the characteristic equations of two sub-matrices with dimensions half lower. Hence, we can sequentially solve the natural frequencies in closed-form owing to the specialty of A. We use this powerful new theory to analyze the free vibration performance and the vibration modes of symmetric composite beams with three different interfaces.
文摘To elucidate feasible routes of producing CO from CH 3 and unravel the eff ect of adsorbed O on CH x transformation, the reactivity of CH x ( x = 1-3) with and without the assistance of adsorbed atomic O on Ni(111) was explored using density functional theory calculations. The adsorption energies of CH x ( x = 0-3) were found to be signifi cantly reduced on an O-preadsorbed Ni(111) surface compared to a pure surface. Furthermore, O-assisted one-step dehydrogenation of CH x ( x = 1-3) features energy barriers and thus is diffi cult to proceed. In terms of energy, the direct dissociation of CH 3 is favorable, except for the last CH dehydrogenation, which is energy intensive. Interestingly, in O-assisted two-step CH transformation to CO via CHO intermediate, the barrier is dramatically lowered. The successive dehydrogenations of CH x O ( x = 1-3) were also found to be a route for CO formation. Finally, two possible pathways from CH 3 to CO are proposed:(a) CH 3 → CH 2 → CH → CHO → CO;(b) CH 3 → CH 3 O → CH 2 O → CHO → CO.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11774303 and 11574373)Joint Fund of Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department,China(Grant No.2019FY003008)。
文摘Low-frequency resistance noise spectroscopy is applied to investigate bulk single crystals of the intercalated ironselenide K_(x)Fe_(2-y)Se_(2) superconductors with different iron vacancy orders.Based on a generalized fluctuation model,the well-observed resistance hump above 100 K is interpreted as an insulator-metal phase transition with a characteristic transition energy of 0.1-0.6 eV,indicating a highly inhomogeneous energy distribution configuration.In the superconducting transition regime,we find that the normalized resistance noise scales with resistance R excellently as S_(R)/R^(2)∝R^(l_(rs)) with the noise exponent lrs≈1.4.With reduced iron vacancy disordering in enhanced superconductivity K_(x)Fe_(2-y)Se_(2) crystals,the level of resistance fluctuations is greatly suppressed,suggesting a geometrical phase transition for conduction channel,which is directly related to the microstructure of the crystals.
文摘Motivation and employee behavior have been characterized as strong factors for employee job performance.McGregor’s theory is one of the most recognized and influential theories that perfectly explains the relationship between those factors and focuses on management and organizational behavior.Specifically,this theory emphasizes that employees are characterized as Type X or Type Y,and motivation is achieved in different ways according to the type.This paper was conducted to address important areas of McGregor’s theory,to discuss how the theory is applied in the workplace,and to elaborate on how recent studies have assembled scientific valid instruments to evaluate X and Y employee behaviors and employee performance.Recommendations for future research and applications will be addressed too.
基金the Rare Earth Office of MMI and the National Natural Science Foundation of China!59501008
文摘The magnetostriction and acoustics properties of Tb1-x xDyx (Fe1-yMny) 1.95 alloys and their application to sonar transducers were studied. The following results were obtained from experiments. When the applied magnetic field intensity is ≥ 800 kA·m-1, the magnetostrictive coefficients are (1300- 1800)× 10-6. The electromechanical coupling factors are 0.84-0.93, the sound velocities 2168-2856 m·s-1 and the Young's modulus (5.06- 7.26) ×10 N·m-2. A sonar transducer made of the alloy rod, which has a total length of 300 mm and a total weight of 2 kg, is characterized by 2.4 kHz specified resonant frequency, 1 kHz frequency band, 173 kB current response and 45% electroacoustic efficiency.
基金supported by the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Saud University Group(Grant No.PRG-1437-39)
文摘In this paper, we investigated the structural, electronic and optical properties of InAs, InN and InP binary compounds and their related ternary and quaternary alloys by using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave（FP-LAPW）method based on density functional theory（DFT）. The total energies, the lattice parameters, and the bulk modulus and its first pressure derivative were calculated using different exchange correlation approximations. The local density approach（LDA） and Tran–Blaha modified Becke–Johnson（TB-m BJ） approximations were used to calculate the band structure.Nonlinear variations of the lattice parameters, the bulk modulus and the band gap with compositions x and y are found.Furthermore, the optical properties and the dielectric function, refractive index and loss energy were computed. Our results are in good agreement with the validated experimental and theoretical data found in the literature.
文摘The 3x + 1 problem, is a math problem that has baffled mathematicians for over 50 years. It’s easy to explain: take any positive number, if it’s even, divide it by 2;if it’s odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. Repeat this process with the resulting number, and the conjecture says that you will eventually reach 1. Despite testing all starting values up to an enormous number, no one has proved the conjecture is true for all possible starting values. The problem’s importance lies in its simplicity and difficulty, inspiring new ideas in mathematics and advancing fields like number theory, dynamical systems, and computer science. Proving or disproving the conjecture would revolutionize our understanding of math. The presence of infinite sequences is a matter of question. To investigate and solve this conjecture, we are utilizing a novel approach involving the fields of number theory and computer science.
