Applications of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are still limited by the sluggish conversion kinetics from polysulfide to Li_(2)S.Although various single-atom catalysts are available for improving the conversion kinetic...Applications of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are still limited by the sluggish conversion kinetics from polysulfide to Li_(2)S.Although various single-atom catalysts are available for improving the conversion kinetics,the sulfur redox kinetics for Li-S batteries is still not ultrafast.Herein,in this work,a catalyst with dual-single-atom Pt-Co embedded in N-doped carbon nanotubes(Pt&Co@NCNT)was proposed by the atomic layer deposition method to suppress the shuttle effect and synergistically improve the interconversion kinetics from polysulfides to Li_(2)S.The X-ray absorption near edge curves indicated the reversible conversion of Li_(2)Sx on the S/Pt&Co@NCNT electrode.Meanwhile,density functional theory demonstrated that the Pt&Co@NCNT promoted the free energy of the phase transition of sulfur species and reduced the oxidative decomposition energy of Li_(2)S.As a result,the batteries assembled with S/Pt&Co@NCNT electrodes exhibited a high capacity retention of 80%at 100 cycles at a current density of 1.3 mA cm^(−2)(S loading:2.5 mg cm^(−2)).More importantly,an excellent rate performance was achieved with a high capacity of 822.1 mAh g^(−1) at a high current density of 12.7 mA cm^(−2).This work opens a new direction to boost the sulfur redox kinetics for ultrafast Li-S batteries.展开更多
The interaction of overbased salicylate detergents with zinc dialkyldithiophosphates （ZDDP） and its effect on the formation of tribofilms under boundary lubrication have been studied by means of X-ray absorption nea...The interaction of overbased salicylate detergents with zinc dialkyldithiophosphates （ZDDP） and its effect on the formation of tribofilms under boundary lubrication have been studied by means of X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. The results show that addition of metallic detergents to neat ZDDP results in the change of surface chemistry of the tribofilm formed from neat ZDDP. Calcium from detergents is digested in the tribofilm. For the high overbased detergents, the deposit of overbasing agent CaCO3 in the tribofilm is also observed along with the formation of calcium phosphate in tribofilms.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22208039)the Basic Scientific Research Project of the Educational Department of Liaoning Province(LJKMZ20220878)+1 种基金and the Dalian Science and Technology Talent Innovation Support Plan(2022RQ036)supported by the Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC),the Canada Research Chair Program(CRC),the Canada Foundation for Innovation(CFI),and Western University。
文摘Applications of lithium-sulfur(Li-S)batteries are still limited by the sluggish conversion kinetics from polysulfide to Li_(2)S.Although various single-atom catalysts are available for improving the conversion kinetics,the sulfur redox kinetics for Li-S batteries is still not ultrafast.Herein,in this work,a catalyst with dual-single-atom Pt-Co embedded in N-doped carbon nanotubes(Pt&Co@NCNT)was proposed by the atomic layer deposition method to suppress the shuttle effect and synergistically improve the interconversion kinetics from polysulfides to Li_(2)S.The X-ray absorption near edge curves indicated the reversible conversion of Li_(2)Sx on the S/Pt&Co@NCNT electrode.Meanwhile,density functional theory demonstrated that the Pt&Co@NCNT promoted the free energy of the phase transition of sulfur species and reduced the oxidative decomposition energy of Li_(2)S.As a result,the batteries assembled with S/Pt&Co@NCNT electrodes exhibited a high capacity retention of 80%at 100 cycles at a current density of 1.3 mA cm^(−2)(S loading:2.5 mg cm^(−2)).More importantly,an excellent rate performance was achieved with a high capacity of 822.1 mAh g^(−1) at a high current density of 12.7 mA cm^(−2).This work opens a new direction to boost the sulfur redox kinetics for ultrafast Li-S batteries.
文摘The interaction of overbased salicylate detergents with zinc dialkyldithiophosphates （ZDDP） and its effect on the formation of tribofilms under boundary lubrication have been studied by means of X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. The results show that addition of metallic detergents to neat ZDDP results in the change of surface chemistry of the tribofilm formed from neat ZDDP. Calcium from detergents is digested in the tribofilm. For the high overbased detergents, the deposit of overbasing agent CaCO3 in the tribofilm is also observed along with the formation of calcium phosphate in tribofilms.
