The small and large subunits of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase exhibit diverse contributions to pathogenicity in Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri

Carbamoyl-phosphate synthase plays a vital role in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism cycles. In Xanthomonas citrisubsp. citri, carA and carB encode the small and large subunits of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase, respectively. The deletion mutation of the coding regions revealed that carA did not affect any of the phenotypes, while carB played multiple roles in pathogenicity. The deletion of carB rendered the loss of pathogenicity in host plants and the ability to induce a hyper- sensitive reaction in the non-hosts. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays indicated that 11 hrp genes coding the type Ill secretion system were suppressed when interacting with citrus plants. The mutation in carB also affected bacterial utilization of several carbon and nitrogen resources in minimal medium MMX and extracellular enzyme activities. These data demonstrated that only the large subunit of carbamoyl-phosphate synthase was essential for canker development by X. citri subsp, citri.

Comparison of PCR, DIA and Pathogenicity Assay for Detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri,the Causal Agent of Citrus Bacterial Canker Disease

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach based on newly designed primers, JYF5/JYR5, wasapplied for specific detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri(Xac). The efficiencyand reliability of PCR method were compared with dot immunobinding assay (DIA) andclassical pathogenicity test techniques for detecting suspensions of pure cells of Xacand soaking sap of citrus tissues. Detection sensitivity of PCR was about 4.5 cells or1.56 pg target DNA per reaction which was higher than that of DIA (ca. 450 cells per dot).These three techniques (PCR assay, DIA and Pathogenecity test) could always detect Xacfrom symptomatic citrus samples. Different performances were obtained from citrusmaterials without symptoms, and the positive detection frequency was PCR, DIA andpathogenicity test.

DR5 is a Suitable System for Studying the Auxin Response in the Poncirus trifoliata-Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri Interaction

The local auxin distribution characteristics in the roots,stems,and leaves of stably transformed plantlets of trifoliate orange(Poncirus trifoliata)with auxin reporter system DR5::GUS-YFP were elucidated in this research.The auxin response maxima could be observed in the apex of the root tip,primary phloem of the tender stem,and the margin of the young leaves according to the activity of theβ-glucuronidase(GUS)reporter gene triggered by the auxin responsive DR5 promoter.Auxin responses in the apex of the root tips increased when treated with synthetic auxin 1-naphthylacetic acid(NAA),but decreased when treated with the auxin polar transportation inhibitor 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid(TIBA).These results indicated that the DR5 reporter system worked in P.trifoliata for auxin distribution and response observation.Trifoliate orange is highly susceptible to citrus canker disease.Auxin accumulation was observed visually in the invasion sites of the detached leaves inoculated with Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri(Xac)by GUS staining;the upregulated expression of the YFP,GH3.1,GH3.9,and SAUR genes assessed by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR)also identified auxin accumulation in the inoculated tissues following Xac infection.Overall,these findings indicated that the plantlets of P.trifoliata engineered with the auxin reporter gene provided a promising system for studying auxin responses during Xac infection.

Characterization of Xanthomonas citri pv.citri from China based on spoligotyping

Xanthomonas citri pv.citri(Xcc),a gram-negative bacterium,is the causal agent of citrus canker,one of the most devastating diseases threatening the citrus industry worldwide.Understanding the diversity and population structure of Xcc is a prerequisite for disease epidemiological monitoring and effective disease management.Recent characterization of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)/cas(CRISPR-associated proteins genes)system with a highly variable repeat number among species provides a new molecular typing method for bacterial genetic analysis.In this study,we performed systematic in silico analyses of 28 Xcc genomes and identified a credible CRISPR/cas in Xcc strains.Further analysis of CRISPR polymorphisms(repeat number and spacer types)in 129 Xcc A strains collected from six provinces in China identified 15 types of CRISPR arrays with 25 spacers.Phylogenetic analysis of Xcc strains based on the CRISPR locus produced a more reliable and accurate typing result compared to the commonly used loci.In addition,seven associated cas genes—cas1,cas2,cas3,cas4,cas5,cas7(csd2),and cas8(csd1)—were found located adjacent to the CRISPR array.BLAST results showed>99%similarity of seven cas genes among Xcc strains.Homology analysis of spacer sequences showed that six spacers had possible phage/prophage origin.The characterization of the CRISPR/cas system among Xcc strains provided an updated strain typing method for Xcc diversity analysis and yielded a panoramic view of CRISPR evolution for further studies of Xcc-phage interactions.

Identification of New Genes Related to Virulence of <i>Xanthomonas axonopodis</i>Pv. <i>Citri</i>during Citrus Host Interactions

A mutant library of the bacterium Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri strain 306 pathotype A (Xac), the causative agent of most aggressive Asiatic type A citrus canker, was screened regarding altered canker symptoms after inoculations into Citrus sinensis and Citrus limonia host leaves. Twenty-six mutants have shown phenotypic virulence changes and have respectively knocked out gene identified by sequencing. In vivo growth curves were obtained for nine mutants to quantify how the mutations could affect pathogen’s adaptability to growth inside and attack host plant infected tissue. Among identified genes in mutated strains, we could find those that until now had not been reported as being involved in Xac adaptation and/or virulence, such as predicted to encode for xylose repressor-like protein (XACΔxylR), Fe-S oxidoredutase (XACΔaslB), helicase IV (XACΔhelD), ubiquinol cytochrome c oxidoreductase iron-sulfur subunit (XACΔpetA), chromosome partitioning protein (XACΔparB) and cell division protein FtsB (XACΔftsB), in addition to genes predicted to encode for hypothetical proteins. The new genes found in this study as being relevant to adaptation and virulence, improve the understanding of Xac fitness during citrus plant attack and canker symptoms development.

The Viable but Non-culturable State in Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri is a Reversible State Induced by Low Nutrient Availability and Copper Stress Conditions

Xcc （Xanthomonas citri subsp, citri） causes citrus bacterial canker, a leaf, stem and fruit spotting disease that affects most commercial citrus species and cultivars. Copper compounds, widely used for management of this pathogen, have been reported as inducers of a VBNC （viable but non-culturable state） in plant pathogenic bacteria. VBNC may be considered as a state preceding bacterial death or as a survival mechanism under adverse conditions. Several experiments were performed to characterize the reversibility and persistence of the VBNC state in Xcc. VBNC was induced in low nutrient medium or with amendment of copper at concentrations used for field disease control. The VBNC condition was demonstrated to persist up to 150 days after copper treatment and was reversed after the addition of culture media without copper or amendment with citrus leaf extract. Xcc viability was evaluated by recovery of colonies on culture media, confirmed by membrane integrity, respiratory activity and by real-time RT-PCR targeting a sequence from the gumD gene. Besides, the colonies recovered were pathogenic on citrus leaves. These results confirm that the VBNC state in Xcc is inducible and reversible and therefore may occur in the phyllosphere when Xcc is under copper stress or starvation.

The sigma 54 genes rpoN1 and rpoN2 of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri play different roles in virulence, nutrient utilization and cell motility

The sigma factor 54（σ^（54）） controls the expression of many genes in response to nutritional and environmental conditions. There are two σ^（54） genes, rpo N1（XAC1969） and rpo N2（XAC2972）, in Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri. To investigate their functions, the deletion mutants ΔrpoN1, ΔrpoN2 and ΔrpoN1N2 were constructed in this study. All the mutants delayed canker development in low concentration inoculation in citrus plants. The bacterial growth of mutants was retarded in the medium supplemented with nitrogen and carbon resources. Under either condition, the influence degree caused by deletion of rpoN 2 was larger than the deletion of rpoN 1. Remarkably, the mutant ΔrpoN 1 showed a reduction in cell motility, while the mutant Δrpo N2 increased cell motility. Our data suggested that the rpoN 1 and rpoN 2 play diverse roles in X. citri subsp. citri.

绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记杧果细菌性角斑病病原菌及其定殖规律

为研究杧果细菌性角斑病病菌在杧果不同器官组织中的定殖规律。利用电击转化法将质粒pBBR1MCS2-Tac-EGFP导入野油菜黄单胞菌杧果致病变种(Xanthomonas citri pv.mangiferaeindicae)菌株Xcm003中,通过转化子生长表型和外源基因的PCR鉴定,成功获得带绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标记的转化子Xcm003-EGFP,采用室内刺伤和盆栽苗灌根接种试验,结合组织学观察法,追踪该病原菌在不同杧果器官组织中的定殖规律。结果表明,病原菌通过伤口侵入杧果果实果皮外层细胞层,随着侵染时间推移,向内层果皮细胞层垂直扩散并定殖,后期病原菌在伤口处大量聚集,出现隆起开裂状病斑。在杧果叶片中,病原菌从伤口侵入叶片上表皮细胞层,随后迁移到叶肉细胞间隙,侵染后期,病原菌在气孔和伤口定殖,造成气孔和伤口堵塞,导致接种点出现黑褐色水浸病斑。盆栽苗灌根后发现,该病原菌可在土壤中定殖,入侵杧果根部,但并不扩散至其他杧果组织,不会为害整株幼苗。说明杧果细菌性角斑病病菌可在不同杧果组织中定殖,但仅表现为局部侵染特性。

Systematic analysis and functional verification of citrus glutathione S-transferases reveals that CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18contribute negatively to citrus bacterial canker

Citrus bacterial canker(CBC) is resulted from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri(Xcc) infection and poses a significant threat to citrus production.Glutathione S-transferases(GSTs) are critical in maintaining redox homeostasis in plants, especially in relation to abiotic and biotic stress responses. However, the function of GSTs in resisting CBC remains unclear. Here, citrus glutathione S-transferases were investigated applying a genome-wide approach. In total, 69 CsGSTs belonging to seven classes were identified, and the phylogeny, chromosomal distribution, gene structures and conserved motifs were analyzed. Several CsGSTs responded to Xcc infection, as observed in the upregulation of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 in the CBC-sensitive ‘Wanjincheng' variety but not in the resistant ‘Kumquat' variety. CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 were localized at the cytoplasm. Transient overexpression of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 mediated reactive oxygen species(ROS) scavenging, whereas the virus-induced gene silencing(VIGS) of CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 caused strong CBC resistance and ROS burst. The present study investigated the characterization of citrus GST gene family, and discovered that CsGSTF1 and CsGSTU18 negatively contributed to CBC through modulating ROS homeostasis. These findings emphasize the significance of GSTs in infection resistance in plants.

生防菌枯草芽孢杆菌CQBS03的绿色荧光蛋白基因标记及其在柑橘叶片上的定殖

【目的】利用绿色荧光蛋白(Green fluorescent protein,GFP)基因标记枯草芽孢杆菌生防菌株CQBS03,以研究其在柑橘叶片上的定殖规律。【方法】采用重叠PCR方法将p43启动子和gfp进行融合,并与大肠杆菌-枯草芽孢杆菌穿梭载体pHY300PLK连接构建重组质粒pHY43G,以重组质粒电脉冲转化生防菌株CQBS03,培养后于荧光显微镜下观察并通过SDS-PAGE分析工程菌株GFP的表达情况,然后进行工程菌株对柑橘溃疡病菌的抑菌试验、生长动力学分析、稳定性测试。采用叶片喷雾方法接种,平皿稀释分离培养方法测定CQBS03-pHY43G在柑橘叶片上的定殖情况。【结果】重组菌CQBS03-pHY43G高效表达GFP,电泳后出现约29kDa的特异蛋白条带,外源质粒对宿主菌的生长未带来明显不利影响,质粒稳定性实验表明重组质粒pHY43G经30次传代后的稳定性为55%,室内平板抑菌实验结果显示CQBS03-pHY43G对柑橘溃疡病菌生防效果与出发菌株没有明显差异(P<0.01),CQBS03-pHY43G菌株在叶片喷雾接种后的0—15d,在柑橘叶片上的数量呈现急剧下降趋势,15d后下降速度稍缓,最后保持相对稳定的较低水平(1.73×103cfu·g-1)。【结论】成功地将gfp转入野生型枯草芽孢杆菌生防菌CQBS03中,构建了荧光标记菌株,初步明确了生防菌的定殖规律。

柑桔溃疡病菌PCR快速检验检疫技术研究

柑桔溃疡病是严重影响全世界柑桔生产的重大检疫性病害,根据柑桔溃疡病菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.citri)新近公布的全基因组中独有的保守蛋白基因序列,设计筛选出一对种特异性引物(JYF5/JYR5),能专一地扩增检出柑桔组织表面所带溃疡病菌的DNA靶带(413 bp)。而柑桔叶面附生的非致病性黄单胞菌、野油菜黄单胞菌近缘种以及健康柑桔样品都不能扩增;靶细菌DNA检测下限1.56 pg/μL,靶细菌悬浮液检测下限10 cfu/μL;在不同PCR仪及各种控温方式下都能稳定地扩增出特征性靶带。这一特异、准确的柑桔溃疡病菌PCR检验技术和研制的预包被固相化PCR检测试剂盒已开始用于我国非疫生产区建设中柑桔苗木、果实的病害检疫检验。

柑橘溃疡病生防菌株CQBS03的鉴定及其培养特性研究

【目的】筛选鉴定柑橘溃疡病菌拮抗菌,研究其培养特性及拮抗物质的初步性质,为柑橘溃疡病的生物制剂研制奠定基础。【方法】利用对峙培养法筛选对柑橘溃疡病菌具有良好抑制作用的生防菌,并通过对菌株形态、生理生化特征以及16SrDNA序列分析鉴定其分类地位;以单因素试验和正交设计方法对影响CQBS03菌株抑菌活性物质产生的各种培养条件进行优化;利用硫酸铵沉淀获得抑菌物质粗提物并测定其对温度、蛋白酶及氯仿的敏感性。【结果】经鉴定CQBS03为枯草芽孢杆菌Bacillus subtilis。CQBS03抑菌活性成分主要存在于培养液中,能被80%饱和度硫酸铵沉淀,最高可耐受的温度范围为60～70℃;活性成分在280nm处有最大吸收峰,分子量大于10kD,对蛋白酶K和胰蛋白酶稳定,而对氯仿部分敏感。培养特性研究表明,CQBS03最适培养基为YPG液体培养基,抑菌物质产生的最适培养条件为:pH8.0左右,28℃培养72h。【结论】枯草芽孢杆菌CQBS03所产生的抑菌物质主要成分是蛋白质,且属于外泌型蛋白;该抑菌蛋白对多种植物病原菌有抑菌作用,尤其对柑橘溃疡病菌抑菌活性高,稳定性好,是一株极具开发潜力的生防菌株。

沃柑溃疡病病原菌分离鉴定及防治药剂筛选

【目的】明确广西南宁沃柑溃疡病病原菌种类,筛选田间能抑制该病害的药效,为当地沃柑溃疡病的防治提供依据。【方法】采用组织分离法对病原菌进行分离和纯化培养,根据柯赫氏法则进行验证,通过形态学、16S r DNA序列分析与构建系统发育进化树相结合的方法对病原菌进行鉴定。选用14种药剂,采用平板对峙法测定不同药剂对沃柑溃疡病病原菌的室内毒力;选取室内毒力测定具有一定抑菌效果的药剂进行田间防治效果试验。【结果】确定广西南宁沃柑溃疡病病原为柑桔黄单胞柑桔亚种(Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri),系A菌系。室内毒力测定结果显示,供试的14种药剂中只有80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂、200亿活芽孢/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂、1.6%噻霉酮涂抹剂、1.8%辛菌胺醋酸盐水剂和3%中生菌素可湿性粉剂等5种药剂对柑橘溃疡病病原菌表现出一定的抑制效果,在500、1000、2000、4000和8000倍稀释浓度下,80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂的抑菌效果最好,抑菌率为77.4%、75.2%、64.7%、63.0%和58.3%,有效中浓度(EC50)较低,为49.09 mg/L;200亿活芽孢/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂的抑菌率为73.5%、67.4%、64.5%、61.5%和51.2%,EC50较高,为81.47 mg/L。田间药效试验结果表明,200亿活芽孢/g枯草芽孢杆菌可湿性粉剂和1.6%噻霉酮涂抹剂对沃柑溃疡病有较好的防治效果,防效分别为73.45%和71.07%。【结论】从广西南宁分离出的沃柑溃疡病病原菌为强致病性柑桔黄单胞柑桔亚种A菌系,田间可选择200亿活芽孢/g枯草芽孢杆菌进行生物防治。

3种杀菌剂对柑桔溃疡病菌的室内毒力测定

为筛选防治柑桔溃疡病的高效药剂,将23种常见商品杀菌剂分别稀释成200 mg/L,采用喷雾法进行室内抑菌试验,选择3种初筛抑菌效果较好的药剂进行室内毒力测定。结果表明,噻霉酮、农用链霉素、溴菌腈的抑菌效果较好,其EC50分别为46.59、86.18、102.91 mg/kg,噻霉酮的毒性最强。结合供试药剂有效成分和作用机理的比较,确定农用链霉素效果最佳。

超量表达CsGH3.6通过抑制生长素信号转导增强柑橘溃疡病抗性

【背景】由柑橘黄单胞杆菌柑橘亚种(Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri,Xcc)引起的柑橘溃疡病是柑橘生产上最具毁灭性的一种病害。植物生长素在调控柑橘溃疡病菌引起的寄主侵染部位脓疱形成中起重要作用。生长素早期响应基因GH3通过酰基化吲哚-3-乙酸(indole-3-acetic acid,IAA)调控植物激素动态平衡。前期研究发现柑橘CsGH3.6在调控生长素响应溃疡病侵染中起着重要作用。【目的】通过对超量表达CsGH3.6转基因晚锦橙的抗病性、植株表型、细胞和激素变化进行分析,利用RNA-Seq解析CsGH3.6调控的信号通路,探明CsGH3.6调控激素动态平衡影响柑橘溃疡病抗性的内在机制。【方法】利用针刺法对离体转基因叶片接种溃疡病菌Xcc,统计接种第10天时病斑面积和病情指数,以野生型为对照,评价转基因植株的抗性水平;提取感病前后叶片内源激素,利用高效液相色谱技术(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)检测转基因植株中激素含量变化;温室中观察转基因植株表型变化;通过测量叶片纵径、横径和厚度分析转基因植株叶型变化特征;制备叶片表皮切片,显微观察表皮细胞和气孔,并统计转基因植株表皮细胞长度和气孔密度;采用RNA-Seq测序技术研究转基因植株转录组变化情况,并利用Nr、Nt、Pfam、COG、SwissProt和gene ontology(GO)数据库注释基因功能,进一步利用KEEG数据库和MapMan软件解析超量表达CsGH3.6影响的重要基因、功能和途径,阐明CsGH3.6调控柑橘溃疡病抗性的分子机制。【结果】超量表达CsGH3.6显著增强转基因植株的溃疡病抗性;转基因植株分枝增多且下垂,叶片向上卷曲,变小,颜色浅;转基因植株气孔密度增加,表皮细胞变短;激素含量分析显示,转基因植株自由生长素(IAA)和茉莉酸(jasmonic acid,JA)含量显著降低,而水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA)含量显著增加;转录组测序分析表明,超量表达CsGH3.6显著抑制生长素信号转导相关基因表达,特别是所有注释的Aux/IAA家族基因均下调表达,相反,与生物胁迫相关基因的表达为上调,其中绝大部分基因为病程相关蛋白基因。【结论】超量表达CsGH3.6通过酰基化自由IAA抑制生长素信号转导,调控JA和SA的动态平衡,改变细胞和植株的形态建成,从而增强柑橘对溃疡病的抗性。研究结果暗示调控激素动态平衡在柑橘抗病育种中具有潜在价值。

柑橘溃疡病菌的药剂筛选及抗药性分析

柑橘溃疡病是柑橘生产上重要细菌病害,药剂防治是其主要的防治措施.本文通过平板抑菌圈试验,测定了来自广东和江西等地的21个柑橘溃疡病细菌对8种化学药剂的敏感性.结果表明:叶枯唑1 000×、新植霉素2 800×、水合霉素1 300×等3种药剂对供试的21个柑橘溃疡病菌菌株均没有抑菌作用;链霉素、中生菌素、溃疡克星、氢氧化铜.锌和必备等5种药剂对溃疡病菌表现不同程度的抑菌作用,其中,链霉素的抑菌作用最强;部分溃疡病菌株对这5种药剂产生了不同程度的抗药性.田间试验结果表明,链霉素、中生菌素对溃疡病防治效果较好.

拌种灵对柑桔溃疡病菌菌体细胞活性的影响

通过对柑桔溃疡病菌菌体细胞的药理学研究表明 ,拌种灵对病原菌的生长具有较高的抑制作用 ,其有效抑制中浓度 (EC50 )为 2 6 2 5 7μg·mL-1,这种抑制作用在病原菌生长的不同时期具有很大差异。拌种灵对菌体细胞膜通透性没有影响 ,对细胞膜Na+ K+ ATP酶及其活化能、菌体蛋白合成及细胞呼吸作用等具有不同程度的影响。

PCR、DIA与致病性测定法检测柑桔溃疡病菌的比较

依据柑桔溃疡病菌全基因组序列的独有保守区域设计筛选出的特异性引物对JYF5/JYR5,用于柑桔溃疡病菌的PCR检测,具有很好的检测特异性、灵敏度和稳定性。同时比较了PCR与DIA(斑点免疫结合技术)及传统的致病性测定法在检测灵敏度、稳定性及田间样品检出率等方面的差异。结果表明,PCR的检测灵敏度可达103～104cfu·ml-1(每个反应体积约10个细菌),明显高于DIA(104～105cfu·ml-1,每个样点约300个细菌);PCR、DIA和致病性测定法检测田间显症样品的检出率均可达到100%,而检测柑桔无症样品的检出率依次降低。此外,通过排除PCR抑制物质和在PCR反应体系中加入终浓度为15%的甘油,有效地降低了检测中存在的假阴性。

柑橘溃疡病菌的普通LAMP及快速LAMP检测方法的建立

建立柑橘溃疡病菌的普通LAMP和快速LAMP检测方法,使其能应用于基层检验检疫部门对病害的快速检测。利用柑橘溃疡病菌基因组特有的保守区域设计LAMP引物,通过优化反应条件,建立柑橘溃疡病菌的普通LAMP检测体系;在普通LAMP引物的基础上设计一对环引物,建立柑橘溃疡病菌的快速LAMP检测体系,并以多种参比菌DNA以及健康柑橘叶片基因组DNA为模板对普通LAMP和快速LAMP检测体系的特异性进行了验证,利用柑橘溃疡病菌菌液和DNA溶液梯度稀释液对普通LAMP和快速LAMP检测体系的灵敏度进行了验证。普通LAMP检测体系菌体和DNA检测灵敏度分别达到了2.25×104cfu和2.03×10-1 ng,快速LAMP检测体系菌体和DNA检测灵敏度分别达到了2.25cfu和2.03×10-5 ng。在特异性测试中,普通LAMP检测体系与快速LAMP检测体系均仅对柑橘溃疡病菌进行扩增,对非靶标菌和柑橘叶片基因组DNA不产生扩增,普通LAMP与快速LAMP检测体系特异性测试结果一致。快速LAMP检测体系在0.5h内就可以达到普通LAMP检测体系的扩增量,是普通LAMP检测体系反应时间的一半,大大提高了检测的效率;快速LAMP检测体系菌悬液和DNA检测灵敏度均比普通LAMP检测体系提高了10 000倍。成功地建立了柑橘溃疡病菌的普通LAMP及快速LAMP检测方法,为柑橘溃疡病菌的检测提供了一种新的简便、快速的检测手段。

柑橘溃疡病菌EMA-PCR快速活体检测技术的建立

传统PCR方法不能诊断柑橘溃疡病菌(Xanthomonas citri subsp.citri Gabriel)的死活状态,往往导致假阳性检测结果。本研究将特异性核酸染料叠氮溴化乙锭(ethidium monoazide bromide,EMA)与PCR技术结合,旨在建立柑橘溃疡病活菌的快速检测技术。根据柑橘溃疡病菌独有的保守蛋白基因设计特异性引物扩增出278bp的靶带,PCR反应的检测下限为25个细胞/25μL或2.75pg/25μL。EMA-PCR结果表明:当卤钨灯曝光时间1min,EMA终浓度为1.0mg/L时,能有效抑制1.0×108 cfu/mL死菌的扩增;当EMA的浓度小于30mg/L时,EMA对上述相同浓度活菌靶基因的扩增没有明显的抑制。EMA-PCR对死活混合菌的扩增表明,活菌数在6.875×101～6.875×105 cfu/PCR范围时,荧光强度与混合体系中活菌的对数值有线性关系。基于以上建立的EMA-PCR活体检测技术,对疑似带病柑橘材料进行检测,结果发现能降低柑橘溃疡病菌检测过程中的假阳性,有望为柑橘溃疡病的检疫检验提供更科学的技术手段。