The Impact of the Establishment of National High-tech Zones on Total Factor Productivity of Chinese Enterprises

The National High-tech Zone(NHTZs)is an important strategic platform for cultivating high-tech industries and realizing high-quality economic development in China.Based on the combined data from 2006 to 2014 of the industrial enterprise database,the customs database,and the China Development Zones Audit and Announcement Catalogue(abbreviated asthe Catalogue),this paper systematically investigates the influence of the construction of NHTZs on enterprise’s total factor productivity(TFP).Results show that NHTZs have a positive impact on the TFP of enterprises in the zone,and this conclusion is still valid after considering endogeneity problems.Furthermore,the above productivity effects of NHTZs are heterogeneous in terms of enterprise ownership,external environment and establishment time,and NHTZs have greater stimulation effects on enterprise productivity after comparing with other types of functional zones.An investigation of the specific mechanisms at play shows that NHTZs promote the TFP of enterprises in the zone through the release of preferential policies,strengthening the“technology spillover effects”of imported intermediate goods,enhancing enterprise’s innovation ability and attracting talent.In addition,based on the decomposition of industry productivity,this paper also investigates the impact of NHTZs on changes in industry productivity and finds that NHTZs promote the overall productivity of specific industries mainly by stimulating the productivity improvement of incumbent enterprises and expanding the market share of high-productivity enterprises.Moreover,the preferential policies of NHTZs do not significantly stimulate high-productivity enterprises to enter the zones,nor do they cause low-productivity enterprises to exit.This research is helpful in objectively evaluating the economic effects of the NHTZs in China and in providing a theoretical basis for its further adjustment.

Spatiotemporal Evolution Characteristics of Urban Land Surface Temperature Based on Local Climate Zones in Xi’an Metropolitan,China

Local climate zones(LCZs)are an effective nexus linking internal urban structures to the local climate and have been widely used to study urban thermal environment.However,few studies considered how much the temperature changed due to LCZs transformation and their synergy.This paper quantified the change of urban land surface temperature(LST)in LCZs transformation process by combining the land use transfer matrix with zonal statistics method during 2000–2019 in the Xi’an metropolitan.The results show that,firstly,both LCZs and LST had significant spatiotemporal variations and synchrony.The period when the most LCZs were converted was also the LST rose the fastest,and the spatial growth of the LST coincided with the spatial expansion of the built type LCZs.Secondly,the LST difference between land cover type LCZs and built type LCZs gradually widened.And LST rose more in both built type LCZs transferred in and out.Finally,the Xi’an-Xianyang profile showed that the maximum temperature difference between the peaks and valleys of the LST increased by 4.39℃,indicating that localized high temperature phenomena and fluctuations in the urban thermal environment became more pronounced from 2000 to 2019.

High-tech Industrial Development Zones in Nanjing,Suzhou,Changzhou and Wuxi

Nanjing High-tech Industrial Devel-opment Zone It is a state-level high-tech in-dustrial development zone approved by theState Council, with an area of 16.5 sq km,comprising seven sq km of industrial area,five sq km of Taiwan invested area, three sqkm of university teaching and scientificresearch area and 1.5 sq km of compositeservice area. The development zone is 13.5 kmfrom the city center, with convenient trafficconditions, three state highways and a pro-

Spatial Pattern Evolution and Industrial Characteristics of Economic and Technological Development Zones and High-tech Industrial Zones in China

Economic and technological development zone and high-tech industrial zone are important types of development zone in China,and there are differences in their connotation and goal setting.In this paper,basic data of national and provincial economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in China were collected and arranged.Kernel density analysis and other GIS spatial analysis techniques were used to analyze the evolution laws of spatial patterns of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones in cities from 2006 to 2018.First,the agglomeration intensity was compared by measuring the degree of regional agglomeration and dispersion on the two time nodes.Next,kernel density method was used to explore the evolution of the two in the spatial layout and location,and analyze development commonness and difference of economic and technological development zones and high-tech industrial zones.Finally,the trend and reason of spatial evolution of development zones with different leading industries were explored.Research results show that:①the agglomeration degree of layout of high-tech industrial zones is stronger than that of economic and technological development zones,and there are similarities and differences in distribution trend of spatial patterns of the two types of development zones;②the distribution of labor-intensive,capital-intensive and technology-intensive development zones is concentrated at smaller scales and dispersed at larger ones;③although there are differences between the economic and technological development zones and the high-tech industrial zones in the goal,support,structure and function,management system and so on,their spatial development presents a trend of convergence.In the future,when enhancing urban-rural planning and public administration,governments should combine the trend of industrial transformation and upgrading,and optimize spatial layout of development zones by adjusting industrial structure,layout,transportation and land use.

Comprehensive Control Measures and Effect Evaluation of Groundwater Over-exploitation Areas in High-tech Zone,Jining in 2020

Groundwater over-exploitation is a major problem in groundwater development, utilization and protection. At present, the area of shallow groundwater over-exploitation in the High-tech Zone is 76 km^(2). In this study, the system and mechanism construction, engineering measure construction, and control effect of national comprehensive control project of groundwater over-exploitation areas in the High-tech Zone in 2020 were evaluated, and the comprehensive control of groundwater over-exploitation in the High-tech Zone in the year was summarized to provide effective basis for the continuous implementation of comprehensive control of groundwater over-exploitation. At the same time, the water-saving and exploitation reduction effect and generalizability of different measures were studied to provide useful reference for other over-exploitation areas.

A Study of the Industrial Development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone

This paper illustrates the current situation and problems concerning the industrial structure in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone,and analyzes the internal contradictions that exist in industry: small-scale land operation has become an inherent obstacle to the industrial development in Agricultural High-tech Zone; farmers are always in a passive position in industrial restructuring optimization; government's policy failures and rent-seeking behaviors have hindered industrial development; the research,popularization and application of agricultural science and technology is not suited to industrial development requirements. Finally,this paper makes the corresponding recommendations for industrial development in Huazhong Agricultural High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

Economic Development Strategies and Optimization of High-tech Development Zones from the Perspective of"Four-transform and Three-famous":Taking Nanchang High-tech Development Zone as an Example

In recent years,high-tech development zones(hi-tech zones)have always occupied a very important position in the strategy of promoting China's innovative development.The combination of the"four-transform and three-famous"coordinated economic development strategy pioneered by Zhejiang Province in 2015 and the coordinated economic development of high-tech zones is particularly important for modern China at a critical time for innovative economic development.In this article,based on the research on the coordination mechanism of economic activities and development of Nanchang High-tech Zone,the development course of high-tech zones in China is elaborated,the early economic models in high-tech zones of Nanchang and China are analyzed,the existing problems in the structure of economic development of high-tech zones are analyzed in depth,the main driving factors for promoting the economic development of high-tech zones are studied from the aspects of capital,space,industry,economic model,etc.,and corresponding development strategies for high-tech development zones in China are proposed.

Evolution of Industrial Competitiveness Based on Evaluation of Urban Competitiveness of Dongguan City:A Case Study of Songshan Lake High-tech Zone

Based on the theoretical system of urban competitiveness,the evaluation model of urban competitiveness from the perspective of competition and cooperation was established.According to the significance index and explanatory index,the urban competitiveness was divided into urban comprehensive competitiveness(UC),urban internal node competitiveness(NC)and external competitiveness of urban network(EC).The scores and rankings of UC,NC and EC in 2006,2010 and 2015 were obtained by conducting the comprehensive evaluation of the urban competitiveness of Dongguan City with integrated usage of the principal component analysis and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution and the data of other 20 cities in Guangdong province,Hong Kong and Macao.The research showed that the competitiveness of Dongguan City has been greatly improved during the decade of 2006–2015,and the regional cities in Guangdong Province had significant differences,which are reflected in the two dimensions of urban internal node competitiveness(NC)and external competitiveness of urban network(EC).Based on this,this study further analyzed Dongguan’s urban competitiveness from two dimensions of NC and EC,and took Dongguan Songshan Lake High-tech Zone as an example to study how to promote Dongguan’s urban competitiveness from the industrial level.

High-tech Industrial Zones Take Lead in Industrial Innovation

China’s 56 leading high-tech industrial zones have led the country’s industrial innovation, playing an important role in the nation’s social and economic development, a government statement said on Jan 1.

问题导向的区域协调发展战略——演化逻辑、创新发展、实践探索

党的十八大以来,区域协调发展取得了明显成效,但我国人口众多、幅员辽阔,区域发展差距仍然是我国需要解决的重要问题。习近平总书记指出,“做好区域协调发展‘一盘棋’这篇大文章,不能简单地要求各地区在经济发展上达到同一水平,而是要根据各地区的条件,走合理分工、优化发展的路子”。新阶段实施区域协调发展战略,应从进一步破解区域发展困境、打破原有板块格局,发挥区域重大战略和“一带一路”倡议引领作用,加强主体功能区战略和新型城镇化战略的协同实施等方面着手。

基于SEM的科技园区企业科技投入与产出绩效关系的实证研究——以西安高新区为例

近年来我国科技投入大幅增长,产出却增长缓慢,科技投入与产出绩效的关系问题一直备受关注。本文首次建立科技投入潜变量,运用结构方程模型分析测算了西安高新区2900多家企业的科技投入与产出绩效关系,分析了其影响因素。研究表明,科技投入对企业产出绩效起着积极的作用,其中科技活动人员数量作用最为显著,其次为人均工资,科技活动经费支出影响最小。企业的产出效益也受注册资本规模、企业性质的影响。虽然注册资本规模对企业产出效益产生积极影响,但影响程度仅超过科技活动经费支出;而国有企业和高新技术企业则明显存在产出绩效较低的现象。

科技园区企业科技投入与产出绩效关系的实证分析——以西安高新区为例

首先对国内外关于企业研发投入与产出绩效的最新成果进行了评述,然后以西安高新区内2 900家企业2007年研发投入与产出情况的数据为基础,对区内企业研发投入与产出绩效进行相关关系、偏相关关系以及回归分析。结果表明,区内企业研发投入与产出绩效之间存在明显的正相关关系,但企业的国有制性质和市场机制的不完善也对企业产出绩效产生了一些不利影响。最后,总结并提出了提高科技园区产出绩效的对策。

西安高新区经济发展水平及其竞争力分析

为揭示西安高新区经济发展水平在全国高新区中的地位,首先采用聚类分析及因子分析方法对53个国家级高新区经济发展状况进行了分析,西安高新区的经济发展水平处于前十名,处于发展良好的一类;接着从高新区企业平均经济规模、人均工业总产值、企业市场竞争力、参与国际竞争能力及技术转化能力五个方面对包括西安高新区在内的发展较好以上的30个高新区作了进一步分析,指出了虽然从整体来看西安高新区的经济发展在人力资源、科技创新、产品开发等方面存在的优势,但与成都、武汉等高新区相比,其优势并不明显;最后提出了西安高新区应该从产业环境、招商引资和软硬环境等方面提高其竞争力的政策建议。

科技创新与科技园区文化创意产业发展

目的在揭示科技创新与文化创意产业发展关系的基础上，探讨高新区文化创意产业发展的思路和举措。方法采取实证研究与定性分析相结合的方法，以西安高新区为例，对科技园区文化创意产业发展进行分析研究。结果基于西安高新区文化创意产业发展基础，提出强化科技创新与文化创意项目密切结合的意识，加强科技支撑引领作用，设立文化创意产业科技支持基金，建立创意产业联盟，实施人才培育和中介机构引进战略等措施。结论在发展文化创意产业的过程中，必须把建立或利用现有基础设施和配套相对完善的科技园作为基础。

细河河岸带植物多样性研究

以野外样方调查数据为基础,详细调查了辽宁省太子河主要支流细河河岸带植物群落的组成、种类和外貌,应用重要值计算了细河河岸带植物丰富度指数、多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数,并分析了其物种的多样性差异,从而为细河河岸带的生态修复提供理论和技术依据。结果表明:细河河岸带植物群落27个植物样方中共有23科60属99种,物种组成以菊科、蓼科、禾本科、莎草科、蔷薇科、唇形科植物为主,植物种类以荩草、藨草、中华结缕草、野稗、三叶草、老芒麦、问荆.、野艾蒿、桃叶蓼、狗尾草等为主。细河河岸带植物物种结构简单,物种组成较少。植物物种多样性水平较低,从多样性指数的数量特征来看,丰富度指数7.00～25.00,Pielou均匀度指数0.54～0.94,Simpson多样性指数0.56～0.92,Shannon-Wiener多样性指数1.44～2.80,Simpson优势度指数0.08～0.44。细河河岸带受到人为活动干扰,如农业生产、挖沙等人为活动干扰降低了植物多样性水平。

西安地铁四号线沿线长安地裂缝研究

采用地面调查、钻探和槽探等方法,对临潼—长安断裂带内西安地铁四号线沿线的长安地裂缝进行了研究。钻探剖面显示,在地面高程变化梯度最大处附近存在地裂缝异常,异常两侧的古土壤标志层出现明显错断。对其中一处异常进行了大型探槽开挖,探槽两侧壁剖面显示:地裂缝带由1条主缝和数条次缝组成;主缝走向平行于临潼—长安断裂,南东盘相对下降,倾向南东,与临潼—长安断裂倾向相反,倾角80°～85°;主缝错断古土壤层1.1m,相对于上升盘,地裂缝下降盘地层厚度变大。研究结果表明,长安地裂缝发育在特定的构造地貌部位,即临潼—长安断裂带内"梁洼"地貌黄土梁南侧高程变化梯度最大处附近,由构造活动引起,具有正断层性质和生长断层性质,与西安地裂缝具有相同的构造特征。

大西安旅游圈空间错位及边沿区战略

在西咸一体化和关天经济区战略的推动下,大西安旅游圈建设成为新时期西安旅游发展的新方向.以大西安旅游圈为例,以地市行政区划为单元,从东、西、南、北四线出发,对接待客流量、旅游收入与旅游资源丰度、交通区位、经济发展水平进行空间错位分析.并在此基础上,从"补位战略"、"近位战略"和"错位战略"出发,提出了"打造精品,震撼性营销"的南北两线旅游发展战略.

城市化与都市农业功能交互耦合关系及时空特征分析

城市化与都市农业功能通过交互耦合机制形成复杂系统,在区域可持续发展中具有重要作用。该文在建立交互耦合系统评价指标体系基础上,运用灰色关联分析模型、耦合度模型探讨西安都市圈城市化与都市农业功能交互耦合关系并从时空角度分析耦合度的演变规律与空间分异特征。研究结果表明：1）城市化与都市农业功能要素关联度均在0.6之上,耦合关系错综复杂,关系密切。城市经济、消费、交通和科技对都市农业功能影响较大;都市农业食物供给、就业、观光休闲及美化环境功能服务城市化能力最强。2）2000-2011年西安都市圈城市化与都市农业功能耦合度在0.6~0.85之间,时序发展呈现波动性和阶段性特征,总体上,二者在较高水平上趋于协调。3）2011年二者耦合度呈现都市圈西北区域低于东南区域的空间特征,耦合发展水平具有显著的空间差异特征。

皖西白鹅羽区皮肤组织结构的研究及其绒被分析

本试验针对皖西白鹅绒皮制裘生产中的问题，观察研究了１２０、１５０、２００、２４０、３６０、５４０六个日龄组计４８只皖西白鹅绒皮的组织结构。结果表明，各日龄组皮肤结构差异不甚明显。其真皮内羽肌发达，羽囊粗大，脂肪组织含量多，纤维层薄，纤维成分少，排列疏松。２４０日龄以后纤维层增厚。