Zengcuo’an:Xiamen’s Hidden Treasure

Zengcuo’an,located in the southeastern part of Xiamen,is an attractive tourist destination with a blend of tradition and modernity.With a history of over 500 years,it was once a berth(停泊处)for merchant ships during the Ming Dynasty.The area played a significant role in maritime trade,providing shelter for ships docking at Zengcuo’an.One of the historical landmarks is the Fort,established in the Qing Dynasty as a naval garrison(海军驻军)and home to a famous Krupp cannon(克虏伯大炮).

Ecological restoration project transforms Xiamen’s Yundang Lake

Before moving to Xiamen to work and settle,Scott Patrick and his wife looked at a lot of photos of the city,and Yundang Lake caught their attention.“We saw beautiful pictures of the lake and immediately thought that Xiamen must be a very pleasant city to live in.So,we went there,which proved to be a good choice,”Patrick told ChinAfrica.

Movement and Stillness at Xiamen University

Xiamen University,a beacon of education and culture,invites us to witness the fascinating interplay(相互影响)of movement and stillness within its main gate.As we embark on this journey,we discover a realm(领域)where the passage of time and the transformation of space create an attractive dance,while the enduring essence of knowledge and youthful passion remain ever-present.

Xiamen Mountains-to-Sea Trail

Xiamen,a coastal city famous for its impressive seascape,draws numerous tourists each year.One of the prime locations to appreciate the city’s beauty is the Mountains-to-Sea Trail,an approximately 23-kilometer-long pedestrian corridor that offers a unique experience for visitors.

Abundance and distribution of dinoflagellate cysts in Xiamen Western Harbor

In a grid investigation, dinoflagellate cysts were collected from sediments in Xiamen Western Harbor in May of 2000, from which five species of cysts were identified: Alexandrium tamarensis, A. minutum, Lingulodinium polyedra, Gonyaulax scrippsae and Gymnodinium catenatum, account for about 21% in the species composition. The quanti-tative analysis of the sediments shows that the number of dinoflagellate cysts varies from 51 to 256 cysts/g of sediment, the highest value (>200 cysts/g) being recorded at the stations of the central part of the bay, while the lowest (<100 cysts/g) at the bay mouth. A good linear relationship is found between cyst amount and fine-grained sediments. Complex physiognomies on the seabed, topographty in the bay and weak water exchange are the main factors not only in cyst accumulation but also in their distribution pattern, and have resulted in the difference in cyst densities between the inner bay and the outer bay in the harbor.

REPRODUCTIVE RATE OF A MARINE PLANKTONIC COPEPOD LABIDOCERA EUCHAETA GIESBRECHT IN XIAMEN HARBOR

Reproductive rate of a marine planktonic copepod Labidocera euchaeta Giesbrecht in Xiamen Harbor was studied during the period from April 1986 to August 1987. Results showed that rate of egg production (F, eggs/(,d)) was positively correlated with temperature (T,℃) ) and body weight of spawning female (We,ugC ) as: F=0.0637 (T-7)0.7445Wc. Each month a maximum rate of egg production occurred at one of the five experimental temperatures (10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, and 30℃) near the monthly mean field temperature. The available food density (P, ugC/ml) had significant effect on specific rate of egg production (Fc, %C/d) as :Fc=0.1732(P-0.0179)/P. The gross efficiency of egg production of ca 62% in carbon was independent of food density snd ingestion rate. Observations on in situ egg production and hatching rate demonstrated that this species reproduces continuously all the year round, with summer as its high reproductive season and winter a low one. Ten generations a year is also suggested based on the

Development rate of Labidocera euchaeta Giesbrecht in Xiamen Harbor

-The development rate of Labidocera euchaeta Giesbrecht in the Xiamen Harbor was studied in laboratory. The results showed that the development times of egg and larval stages ( D ) were significantly correlated with temperature ( T ), following the Belehradek function, D = α( T -7. 5)-1.0634. The development time from egg to larval stages and adult, as well as generation time can be predicted from the equation for egg development ( α=411/24) by appropriately multipling the constant (α) with a proportion. The development was not isochronal over the whole larval period. Durations of naupliar stages were short and quasi-isochronal, which favored their non-feeding development. In contrast, durations of copepodid stages (C) were long. CV had the longest duration followed by CI, both of which are considered as the critical stages in the larval development. The acclimation effect of the seasonal temperature on the development rate was also observed.

Distribution and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Surface Seawater of the Western Xiamen Harbor

The concentration of PAHs in the surface seawater of the western Xiamen Harbor has been analysed in the paper. The PAHs concnetration at 9 station locations varies greatly within the range of 106.1ng/L ~ 4365ng/L. But PAHs pollution is slight as compared with that in similar areas in other parts of the world. PAHs stem mainly from oil pollution, urban and industrial discharges, and combustion of fuels.

Ecological features of phytoplankton in red tide outburst area in the Xiamen Harbor

The results from the 38 cruises of phytoplankton surveys in the red tide outburst area in the XiamenHarbor in 1987 indicate 41 species of red tide organisms among 110 species of phytoplankton identified. Species composition was dominant by eurytopic species and warm water species. Species diversity apparently changed with (coldand warm) seasons. There was a high diversity in warm seasons, 63 species in August. Average annual number ofphytoplankton reached 1 119 × 103 ind. /dm3 which was 2 to 2. 6 times that in 2 control monitoring stations. Thenumber of phytoplankton in horizonal distribution displayed an obvious increasing tendency from the harbour mouthto the inner harbor. The phytoplankton number always changed with time, but with 3 peak values in the year round.The daily change of the phytoplankton number with tide exhibited a negative relativity. Moreover phytoplanktonspotes and their number showed a vertical movement during day and night. Futhermore, 10 predominant specieschanged with seasons was noted in the present paper.

Numerical Investigations on Harbor Oscillations Induced by Falling Objects

In this paper,the open-sourced computational fluid dynamics software,OpenFOAM~?,is used to study the fluctuation phenomenon of the water body inside a horizontally one-dimensional enclosed harbor basin with constant water depth triggered by falling wedges with various horizontal falling positions,initial falling velocities and masses.Based on both Fourier transfo rm analysis and wavelet spectrum analysis for the time series of the free surface elevations inside the harbor basin,it is found for the first time that the wedge falling inside the harbor can directly trigger harbor resonance.The influences of the three factors(including the horizontal falling position,the initial falling velocity,and the mass)on the response amplitudes of the lowest three resonant modes are also investigated.The results show that when the wedge falls on one of the nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be remarkably suppressed.Conversely,when the wedge falls on one of the anti-nodal points of a resonant mode,the mode would be evidently triggered.The initial falling velocity of the wedge mainly has a remarkable effect on the response amplitude of the most significant mode,and the latter shows a gradual increase trend with the increase of the former.While for the other two less significant modes,their response amplitudes fluctuate around certain constant values as the initial falling velocity rises.In general,the response amplitudes of all the lowest three modes are shown to gradually increase with the mass of the wedge.

The collagen type Ⅰ alpha 1 chain gene is an alternative safe harbor locus in the porcine genome

Efficient and stable expression of foreign genes in cells and transgenic animals is important for gain-of-function studies and the establishment of bioreactors.Safe harbor loci in the animal genome enable consistent overexpression of foreign genes,without side effects.However,relatively few safe harbor loci are available in pigs,a fact which has impeded the development of multi-transgenic pig research.We report a strategy for efficient transgene knock-in in the endogenous collagen type I alpha 1 chain(COL1A1)gene using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated protein 9(CRISPR/Cas9)system.After the knock-in of a 2A peptide-green fluorescence protein(2A-GFP)transgene in the last codon of COL1A1 in multiple porcine cells,including porcine kidney epithelial(PK15),porcine embryonic fibroblast(PEF)and porcine intestinal epithelial(IPI-2I)cells,quantitative PCR(qPCR),Western blotting,RNA-seq and CCK8 assay were performed to assess the safety of COL1A1 locus.The qPCR results showed that the GFP knock-in had no effect(P=0.29,P=0.66 and P=0.20 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)on the mRNA expression of COL1A1 gene.Similarly,no significant differences(P=0.64,P=0.48 and P=0.80 for PK15,PEF and IPI-2I cells,respectively)were found between the GFP knock-in and wild type cells by Western blotting.RNA-seq results revealed that the transcriptome of GFP knock-in PEF cells had a significant positive correlation(P<2.2e–16)with that of the wild type cells,indicating that the GFP knock-in did not alter the global expression of endogenous genes.Furthermore,the CCK8 assay showed that the GFP knock-in events had no adverse effects(P_(24)h=0.31,P_(48)h=0.96,P_(72)h=0.24,P_(96)h=0.17,and P_(120)h=0.38)on cell proliferation of PK15 cells.These results indicate that the COL1A1 locus can be used as a safe harbor for foreign genes knock-in into the pig genome and can be broadly applied to farm animal breeding and biomedical model establishment.

Mathematical Modeling of Moored Ship Motion in Arbitrary Harbor utilizing the Porous Breakwater

The motion of the moored ship in the harbor is a classical hydrodynamics problem that still faces many challenges in naval operations,such as cargo transfer and ship pairings between a big transport ship and some small ships.A mathematical model is presented based on the Laplace equation utilizing the porous breakwater to investigate the moored ship motion in a partially absorbing/reflecting harbor.The motion of the moored ship is described with the hydrodynamic forces along the rotational motion(roll,pitch,and yaw)and translational motion(surge,sway,and heave).The efficiency of the numerical method is verified by comparing it with the analytical study of Yu and Chwang(1994)for the porous breakwater,and the moored ship motion is compared with the theoretical and experimental data obtained by Yoo(1998)and Takagi et al.(1993).Further,the current numerical scheme is implemented on the realistic Visakhapatnam Fishing port,India,in order to analyze the hydrodynamic forces on moored ship motion under resonance conditions.The model incorporates some essential strategies such as adding a porous breakwater and utilizing the wave absorber to reduce the port’s resonance.It has been observed that these tactics have a significant impact on the resonance inside the port for safe maritime navigation.Therefore,the current numerical model provides an efficient tool to reduce the resonance within the arbitrarily shaped ports for secure anchoring.

“避风港”规则的实践困境与完善路径

“避风港”规则是判定网络侵权责任的重要规则之一,在互联网发展早期较好地平衡了权利保护与产业发展的关系。但随着新技术新业态的快速发展,“避风港”规则在新技术环境下面临着一系列实践困境:网络内容分享平台驶入“避风港”的条件不明确,对特定侵权内容的通知处置难以遏制重复侵权,公法审查义务可能会架空“避风港”规则的适用。摆脱这些困境,就应该在《民法典》解释论框架下,合理划定新技术环境下平台应尽的注意义务,适当扩展解释“必要措施”以遏制重复侵权,澄清私法注意义务与公法审查义务的关系。

论短视频版权侵权行为中平台责任的认定

长视频版权方与短视频平台之间的矛盾是愈演愈烈的长短视频之争中需要首先解决的问题,短视频版权侵权行为中平台责任的认定亟须得到明确。合理使用情形的排除是平台担责的前提,重点是对“适当引用”条款的理解,应通过非实质性引用和比例原则检验引用是否适当。避风港规则是判断平台是否被归责的标准,红旗原则是排除避风港规则适用的例外。平台对用户上传内容的实质审查义务取决于平台对内容的版权性接触事实或接触可能,但平台对内容的合规审查义务并不必然触发其对内容版权合法性的审查义务。提供网络服务的类型是平台担责的基础,平台身份越靠近网络中介服务提供者,越有可能通过避风港规则免责;反之,平台身份越靠近网络内容提供者,越难以通过避风港规则免责。

三维水沙模型在航道减淤措施中的应用

山东滨州港港区于2015年11月经历一次大风骤淤过程,造成原有3万t级航道严重淤积,建设和发展滨州港,航道的骤淤治理是关键。基于三维潮流泥沙模型FVCOM及波浪模型SWAN,考虑水动力和泥沙间的相互作用,建立了基于新型三维辐射应力的三维水沙模型,依据2014年全潮水文观测资料对此三维水沙模型进行潮流场、波浪场及悬沙场的模拟和分析,验证了模型的可靠性,并计算了大风条件下现状航道淤积量和延长出水堤堤头位置至7.5 m方案和9.0 m方案的淤积量,分析了导致航道淤积的原因。模拟结果的对比论证表明,出水堤延伸越远,航道减淤量越大,但出水堤继续延伸后单宽减淤量会逐渐降低。本研究可为航道淤积治理及减淤措施设计等提供参考。

基于特征价格模型的大城市绿色基础设施外部性影响与布局优化路径

公益主导的要素特征和指标导向的规划模式,往往导致绿色基础设施的经济价值被低估和生态服务低效等问题。以福建省厦门市为例,应用特征价格法,研究大城市绿色基础设施的影响范围、交互机制并评估其服务效益。研究发现:1)林地、水体、公园绿地等不同类型绿色基础设施的有效服务范围依次递减。2)多种类型绿色基础设施的交互可产生正向增益作用,但随着叠加类型的增多,增益幅度减弱。3)厦门市中心区绿色基础设施的服务已趋向全覆盖,但局部多类型多要素的服务叠加带来一定程度的土地价值流失;近远郊生态服务的均等化则需进一步加强。基于此,提出构建山海城湾生态格局,挖掘自然要素服务功能,优化公园绿地空间布局等建议,研究旨在为大城市绿色基础设施高质量发展和高效益服务提供参考。

厦门湾口海域夏季游泳动物多样性和群落结构

【目的】研究厦门湾口海域游泳动物多样性和群落结构。【方法】本文根据2023年8月在厦门湾口海域开展的渔业资源底拖网调查资料,应用相对重要性指数、资源密度指数、生物多样性指数和聚类分析等方法,研究游泳动物的种类组成、优势种、资源密度、物种多样性和群落结构特征等。【结果】表明,厦门湾口海域夏季共捕获游泳动物147种,隶属于4纲19目63科107属,其中鱼类92种、头足类8种、口足类8种、虾类13种、蟹类26种。游泳动物渔获平均重量密度和平均数量密度分别为450.58 kg/km^(2)、4.42×10^(4) ind/km^(2)。优势种为哈氏仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis hardwickii)、刀额仿对虾(Parapenaeopsis cultrirostris)、口虾蛄(Oratosquilla oratoria)和须赤虾(Metapenaeopsis barbata)等4种。Margalef丰富度指数D的变动范围为5.68~10.23,基于个体数量的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′N、Pielou均匀度指数J′N变动范围分别为1.47~3.34、0.38~0.88,基于生物量的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数H′W、Pielou均匀度指数J′W变动范围分别为2.09~3.41、0.54~0.87。等级聚类(CLUSTER)和非度量多维尺度分析(NMDS)表明,夏季厦门湾口游泳动物群落可划分为南、北2个组群,哈氏仿对虾和刀额仿对虾是2个组群的主要相异贡献种。【结论】本次调查种类数多于近些年厦门湾内及九龙江口游泳动物调查种类数,优势种均为小型、低营养层次和短生命周期的物种,平均物种多样性指数属于中等水平,渔获物小型化比较明显。受鱼类资源衰退的影响,生命周期短、繁殖力强的虾类资源成为渔业资源的重要补充。【意义】本研究补充了厦门湾口海域游泳动物群落研究基础资料,对该海域生态系统多样性的保护和管理提供了科学依据。

高桩码头群桩绕流水动力特性数值分析

为探究高桩码头桩基础形式下的群桩水动力特征,基于Flow-3D软件对来流速度为0.25~1.50 m/s的3×3群桩阵列绕流的湍流流场进行三维数值模拟。研究结果表明:桩柱的两侧均形成高速区,随着来流速度的增加,高速区范围显示出逐渐扩大的趋势。上游桩后方的回流区范围较大,而中游桩和下游桩的回流区大小基本相同,均小于上游桩的回流区。随着来流速度的增加,剪切力和流体力逐渐增大,并随来流速度呈非线性增长趋势,且上游桩受力最大,下游桩次之,中游桩受力最小。随着来流速度的增加,群桩尾涡核心区的涡量随之增大,中游桩和下游桩后方的尾涡强度明显比上游桩的弱,中游桩和下游桩的尾迹涡长度保持稳定。随着来流速度的增加,漩涡强度显著提高,前桩与后桩之间的漩涡相互纠缠。研究成果对于理解群桩绕流的水动力特性具有重要意义,可为工程设计和实际应用提供参考。

基于供需匹配的厦门岛骑行环境优化策略研究

慢行交通系统是城市交通网络的重要组成部分,良好的慢行交通系统有助于与营造出舒适、安全、便捷的城市环境。近年来,在绿色健康城市理念之下,骑行环境作为城市慢行交通系统的重要组成部分,开始被众多城市重视并且得到了快速的发展,居民骑行需求的区域分异特征及骑行环境的趋适性是发展骑行交通的基础。然而,目前已建成的骑行环境是否满足城市发展需要以及如何科学构建城市骑行环境成为人们关注的热点问题。选择厦门岛作为研究对象,借助共享单车大数据与城市用地类型,通过ArcGIS平台,分别测度了居民骑行的现状需求、潜在需求及其空间上存在的差异,同时通过城市建成环境中与骑行相关的十个指标分析了城市骑行环境建设的空间差异。进而通过对城市骑行环境供需的IPA分析,将厦门岛划分为四类骑行区。通过总结四类骑行区的建成环境特征,并进一步将四类骑行区内的现状、潜在骑行需求与表征骑行便捷性、骑行安全性与骑行舒适性的十个因子进行相关性分析,发现目前岛内的骑行环境建设并没有显著符合骑行需求。基于该研究结果以及各类骑行区的供需匹配关系进一步提出岛内骑行环境优化策略。本文提出了城市骑行需求的一种量化方法与骑行环境建成特征的评估体系,发现骑行需求与骑行环境建设均存在空间差异且二者不完全相关。将两者结合进行供需对比分析,能够有效地确定城市中各地区骑行发展的必要性与重要性,进而为城市骑行环境建设提供建议。

气候风险视阈下上市公司高管合规义务新探

ESG运动背景下气候变化的复杂性及不确定性带来前所未有的风险和挑战,气候诉讼使得气候侵权责任救济及上市公司信披合规与监管问题愈加凸显。为此,通过聚焦气候变化引发的治理风险及高管气候合规义务扩展的困局分析,提出如下解决之道:(1)基于私法分配正义理论,合理切分“牺牲责任的边界”,将公司法信义义务一般条款适当延伸,形成“忠实+勤勉+ESG合规”义务三元化的制度框架。(2)气候信息披露规范化方面不宜“一刀切”,披露主体方面可根据不同行业不同市值规模企业予以差异化配置,即针对碳排放达到一定域值和达到一定市值的上市公司予以强制性规范配置,为高管合规经营提供刚性标尺;针对中小型上市企业气候信披仍以倡导性、自愿性规范配置为主;披露内容上应从注重企业对环境产生的影响转向对企业可持续发展影响,可借鉴财务披露的重大性标准完善非财务性信息披露规则,完善双重重要性原则;披露实施机制方面注重发挥软法“遵守与解释”模式的优势(完善市场声誉惩戒机制)。(3)为加强“漂绿”行为监管,应完善“漂绿”行为的定义和问责标准,现阶段仍以配置适度的行政责任和高管职业保险机制为应对气候风险之上策。(4)为激励公司治理绿色转型,应在公司法绿色条款的硬法体系建设基础上加强ESG合规之规的软法供给,譬如可设立本土化的“安全港规则”,以为司法豁免/减免高管责任裁判提供参佐。