Grassland degradation is influenced by climate change and human activities,and has become a major obstacle for the development of arid and semi-arid areas,posing a series of environmental and socio-economic problems.A...Grassland degradation is influenced by climate change and human activities,and has become a major obstacle for the development of arid and semi-arid areas,posing a series of environmental and socio-economic problems.An in-depth understanding of the inner relations among grassland vegetation dynamics,climate change,and human activities is therefore greatly significant for understanding the variation in regional environmental conditions and predicting future developmental trends.Based on MODIS(moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer)NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index)data from 2000 to 2020,our objective is to investigate the spatiotemporal changes of NDVI in the Xilin Gol grassland,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Combined with 12 natural factors and human activity factors in the same period,the dominant driving factors and their interactions were identified by using the geographic detector model,and multiple scenarios were also simulated to forecast the possible paths of future NDVI changes in this area.The results showed that:(1)in the past 21 a,vegetation cover in the Xilin Gol grassland exhibited an overall increasing trend,and the vegetation restoration(84.53%)area surpassed vegetation degradation area(7.43%);(2)precipitation,wind velocity,and livestock number were the dominant factors affecting NDVI(the explanatory power of these factors exceeded 0.4).The interaction between average annual wind velocity and average annual precipitation,and between average annual precipitation and livestock number greatly affected NDVI changes(the explanatory power of these factors exceeded 0.7).Moreover,the impact of climate change on NDVI was more significant than human activities;and(3)scenario analysis indicated that NDVI in the Xinlin Gol grassland increased under the scenarios of reduced wind velocity,increased precipitation,and ecological protection.In contrast,vegetation coverage restoration in this area was significantly reduced under the scenarios of unfavorable climate conditions and excessive human activities.This study provides a scientific basis for future vegetation restoration and management,ecological environmental construction,and sustainable natural resource utilization in this area.展开更多
Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance is imperative for regionally arranging animal husbandry production while ensuring sustainable grassland-ecosystem service use.The Xilin Gol ste...Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance is imperative for regionally arranging animal husbandry production while ensuring sustainable grassland-ecosystem service use.The Xilin Gol steppe is an important native grassland resource in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.This study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of the forage-livestock balance in the Xilin Gol steppe during the period 2000–2015.We evaluated the forage production and corresponding livestock carrying capacity(LCC)in the growing seasons of 2000–2015 using remote sensing data and field surveys.The spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance were then assessed at regional,city(including city,county and banner),and village scales using statistical and household survey data.The results showed that both forage production and LCC decreased in the Xilin Gol steppe from east to west.During the period 2000–2015,the regional average forage production and corresponding LCC fluctuated without following a distinct trend,but were consistent with the variations in precipitation.The forage-livestock balance varied with time,space,and scale.At the regional scale,steppes were overgrazed in the early 2000s,but a forage-livestock balance or even grazing potential was achieved in other years.At the city scale,approximately half of the region exhibited a"forage-livestock balance"since 2000.However,about half of the region still experienced overgrazing,which mainly located in the southwest sandy zones.Such changes may have been affected by the variations in grassland quality,forage production,compensation payment,and so on.We suggest a location-specific management scheme for grazing constraints,ecological compensation payment,and industry development to aid in harmonizing animal husbandry and environmental restoration,while promoting sustainable development goals by 2030.展开更多
内蒙古草原是我国重要的生态保护屏障,部分区域是农牧交错带的重要组成部分。锡林郭勒草原位于内蒙古东中部,属典型温性草原,深入开展退耕还草对其植被总初级生产力(GPP)的影响、探究相关环境因子,对深入了解退耕还草过程中区域植被生...内蒙古草原是我国重要的生态保护屏障,部分区域是农牧交错带的重要组成部分。锡林郭勒草原位于内蒙古东中部,属典型温性草原,深入开展退耕还草对其植被总初级生产力(GPP)的影响、探究相关环境因子,对深入了解退耕还草过程中区域植被生长状况变化和生物固碳潜力时空分布以及制定更加科学精准的退耕政策具有重要意义。基于遥感、气象观测和土地利用数据,采用残差分析和相关性分析方法,系统研究了2010—2015年间锡林郭勒草原退耕还草区域的植被GPP变化特征,并探讨了不同环境因子对GPP变化量的影响,揭示了退耕还草活动造成的GPP变化特征及其受环境因子影响的作用机制。结果发现:(1)锡林郭勒盟退耕还草区域5年内GPP平均变化量为0.47 g C/m^(2),其中GPP增加面积占退耕还草总面积的67.2%,退耕还草初期GPP变化不显著;(2)退耕还草区域内,土壤含水量和土壤有机碳与GPP变化量显著负相关,而气温、降水、高程和坡度均与GPP变化量显著正相关;(3)坡度和土壤含水量与GPP变化量的相关程度最强,对退耕还草后GPP变化的影响程度较高。展开更多
Food safety is an important issue for the development of the national economy and society.Studying regional food supply and demand from the perspective of land resource carrying capacity can provide new references for...Food safety is an important issue for the development of the national economy and society.Studying regional food supply and demand from the perspective of land resource carrying capacity can provide new references for regional resource sustainability.This study uses the data from farmer and herdsmen household questionnaires,statistical data,land use data,and other sources to construct a land resource carrying capacity(LCC)assessment framework,targeting the food supply and demand of residents in representative areas,specifically the typical grassland pastoral areas,sandy pastoral areas and agro-pastoral areas on the Xilin Gol grassland transects.The three food nutritional indicators of calories,protein and fat were selected for analyzing the balance of land resource carrying capacity.We found that:1)Along the Xilin Gol grassland,the main local food supply showed a shift from meat and milk to grains,vegetables and fruits.2)From north to south along the grassland transects,the calorie intake increased gradually,while the intake of protein and fat was highest in pastoral areas and lowest in agricultural areas.3)The overall land resource carrying capacity of the Xilin Gol grassland transects was in a surplus state,but the land carrying capacity of typical grassland pastoral area was higher than the two other types of areas.This study provides an empirical reference for the sustainable development of regional food nutrition.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31500384,31971464)the Young Science and Technology Talents Support Program in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJYT-19-B31)the Liaoning Province Joint Fund Project(2020-MZLH-11)。
文摘Grassland degradation is influenced by climate change and human activities,and has become a major obstacle for the development of arid and semi-arid areas,posing a series of environmental and socio-economic problems.An in-depth understanding of the inner relations among grassland vegetation dynamics,climate change,and human activities is therefore greatly significant for understanding the variation in regional environmental conditions and predicting future developmental trends.Based on MODIS(moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer)NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index)data from 2000 to 2020,our objective is to investigate the spatiotemporal changes of NDVI in the Xilin Gol grassland,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.Combined with 12 natural factors and human activity factors in the same period,the dominant driving factors and their interactions were identified by using the geographic detector model,and multiple scenarios were also simulated to forecast the possible paths of future NDVI changes in this area.The results showed that:(1)in the past 21 a,vegetation cover in the Xilin Gol grassland exhibited an overall increasing trend,and the vegetation restoration(84.53%)area surpassed vegetation degradation area(7.43%);(2)precipitation,wind velocity,and livestock number were the dominant factors affecting NDVI(the explanatory power of these factors exceeded 0.4).The interaction between average annual wind velocity and average annual precipitation,and between average annual precipitation and livestock number greatly affected NDVI changes(the explanatory power of these factors exceeded 0.7).Moreover,the impact of climate change on NDVI was more significant than human activities;and(3)scenario analysis indicated that NDVI in the Xinlin Gol grassland increased under the scenarios of reduced wind velocity,increased precipitation,and ecological protection.In contrast,vegetation coverage restoration in this area was significantly reduced under the scenarios of unfavorable climate conditions and excessive human activities.This study provides a scientific basis for future vegetation restoration and management,ecological environmental construction,and sustainable natural resource utilization in this area.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41971130)。
文摘Understanding the spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance is imperative for regionally arranging animal husbandry production while ensuring sustainable grassland-ecosystem service use.The Xilin Gol steppe is an important native grassland resource in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China.This study aimed to elucidate the dynamics of the forage-livestock balance in the Xilin Gol steppe during the period 2000–2015.We evaluated the forage production and corresponding livestock carrying capacity(LCC)in the growing seasons of 2000–2015 using remote sensing data and field surveys.The spatiotemporal patterns of the forage-livestock balance were then assessed at regional,city(including city,county and banner),and village scales using statistical and household survey data.The results showed that both forage production and LCC decreased in the Xilin Gol steppe from east to west.During the period 2000–2015,the regional average forage production and corresponding LCC fluctuated without following a distinct trend,but were consistent with the variations in precipitation.The forage-livestock balance varied with time,space,and scale.At the regional scale,steppes were overgrazed in the early 2000s,but a forage-livestock balance or even grazing potential was achieved in other years.At the city scale,approximately half of the region exhibited a"forage-livestock balance"since 2000.However,about half of the region still experienced overgrazing,which mainly located in the southwest sandy zones.Such changes may have been affected by the variations in grassland quality,forage production,compensation payment,and so on.We suggest a location-specific management scheme for grazing constraints,ecological compensation payment,and industry development to aid in harmonizing animal husbandry and environmental restoration,while promoting sustainable development goals by 2030.
文摘内蒙古草原是我国重要的生态保护屏障,部分区域是农牧交错带的重要组成部分。锡林郭勒草原位于内蒙古东中部,属典型温性草原,深入开展退耕还草对其植被总初级生产力(GPP)的影响、探究相关环境因子,对深入了解退耕还草过程中区域植被生长状况变化和生物固碳潜力时空分布以及制定更加科学精准的退耕政策具有重要意义。基于遥感、气象观测和土地利用数据,采用残差分析和相关性分析方法,系统研究了2010—2015年间锡林郭勒草原退耕还草区域的植被GPP变化特征,并探讨了不同环境因子对GPP变化量的影响,揭示了退耕还草活动造成的GPP变化特征及其受环境因子影响的作用机制。结果发现:(1)锡林郭勒盟退耕还草区域5年内GPP平均变化量为0.47 g C/m^(2),其中GPP增加面积占退耕还草总面积的67.2%,退耕还草初期GPP变化不显著;(2)退耕还草区域内,土壤含水量和土壤有机碳与GPP变化量显著负相关,而气温、降水、高程和坡度均与GPP变化量显著正相关;(3)坡度和土壤含水量与GPP变化量的相关程度最强,对退耕还草后GPP变化的影响程度较高。
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41671517)The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC0503700)The Strategic Priority Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA20010202)
文摘Food safety is an important issue for the development of the national economy and society.Studying regional food supply and demand from the perspective of land resource carrying capacity can provide new references for regional resource sustainability.This study uses the data from farmer and herdsmen household questionnaires,statistical data,land use data,and other sources to construct a land resource carrying capacity(LCC)assessment framework,targeting the food supply and demand of residents in representative areas,specifically the typical grassland pastoral areas,sandy pastoral areas and agro-pastoral areas on the Xilin Gol grassland transects.The three food nutritional indicators of calories,protein and fat were selected for analyzing the balance of land resource carrying capacity.We found that:1)Along the Xilin Gol grassland,the main local food supply showed a shift from meat and milk to grains,vegetables and fruits.2)From north to south along the grassland transects,the calorie intake increased gradually,while the intake of protein and fat was highest in pastoral areas and lowest in agricultural areas.3)The overall land resource carrying capacity of the Xilin Gol grassland transects was in a surplus state,but the land carrying capacity of typical grassland pastoral area was higher than the two other types of areas.This study provides an empirical reference for the sustainable development of regional food nutrition.
