Impact Assessment of Climate Change on Haidong Agricultural Region in Qinghai and Its Adaptive Countermeasures

[Objective] The aim was to study climate changes and its effects on agriculture in Haidong agricultural region.[Method] Based on meteorology and agricultural observation data in Haidong agricultural region from 1961 to 2009,the characteristics of climate change and its effects on agriculture were analyzed,and the possible effects of future climate change on Haidong agriculture were predicted according to the future climate scenarios provided by down-scaling climate model.[Result] Annual mean temperature in Haidong agricultural region during 1961-2009 showed obvious increase trend,with the rising rate of 0.37 ℃/10 a;annual mean precipitation and annual total sunshine duration went down slightly,with the climatic tendency of 3.70 mm/10 a and-27.55 h/10 a,respectively;climate extreme event occurred less frequently but became severer in recent 49 years.In future 100 years,temperature in Haidong agricultural region would go up significantly,with the slight increase of rainfall,and climate changes would affect agricultural production environment,arrangement,structure and productivity,namely increasing yield fluctuation of agricultural production,cost and investment and changing arrangement and structure.In order to adapt climate change,it was necessary to adjust agricultural structure,strengthen management,improve agricultural infrastructure,adopt new technology,increase the resistance ability of agricultural production to climate change actively and designedly,so as to improve adaptability,furthest reduce loss and realize potential benefit.[Conclusion] Our study could provide references for the decision of government and agricultural sector.

Assessing the impacts of ecological-living-productive land changes on eco-environmental quality in Xining City on Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China

The Ecological-living-productive land(ELPL)classification system was proposed in an effort to steer China's land pattern to an ecological-centered path,with the development model shifting from a single function into more integrated multifunction land use.The focus is coordinating the man-land contradictions and developing an intensive,efficient and sustainable land use policy in an increasingly tense relationship between humans and nature.Driven by socioeconomic change and rapid population growth,many cities are undergoing urban sprawl,which involves the consumption of cropland and ecological land and threatens the ecological balance.This paper aims to quantitatively analyze the critical effects of ELPL changes on eco-environmental quality according to land use classification based on leading function of ecology,living and production from 1990 to 2015 with a case study of Xining City.Also,four future land use scenarios were simulated for 2030 using the Future Land Use Simulation(FLUS)model that couples human and natural effects.Our results show a decrease in productive land(PL)and an increase in ecological land(EL)and living land(LL)in Xining City.Forestry ecological land(FEL)covered the top largest proportion;agriculture productive land(APL)showed the greatest reduction and urban and rural living land(U-RLL)presented a dramatic increase.The eco-environmental quality improved in 1990-2010,mainly affected by the conversion of APL to FEL and GEL.However,the encroachment of U-RLL into APL,other ecological land(OEL)and FEL was the main contributor to the decline in eco-environmental quality in 2010-2015 as well as the primary reason for the increase area of lower-quality.The Harmonious Development(HD)-Scenario,characterized by a rational allocation of LL and PL and a better eco-environment,would have implications for planning and monitoring future management of ELPL,and may represent a valuable reference for local policy-makers.

Exhumation History of the Xining Basin Since the Mesozoic and Its Tectonic Significance

The Xining Basin is located in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and its continuous Cenozoic strata record the entire uplift and outgrowth history of the Tibetan Plateau during the Cenozoic. The newly obtained apatite fission track data presented here shows that the Xining Basin and two marginal mountain ranges have experienced multiphase rapid cooling since the Jurassic, as follows. In the Middle-Late Jurassic, the rapid exhumation of the former Xining Basin resulted from collision between the Qiangtang Block and the Tarim Block. During the Early-Late Cretaceous, the former Xining Basin underwent a tectonic event due to marginal compression, causing the angular unconformity between the Upper and Lower Cretaceous. In the Late Cretaceous to the Early Cenozoic, collision between the Qiangtang Block and the Lhasa Block may have resulted in the rapid exhumation of the Xining Basin and the Lajishan to the south. In the Early Cenozoic （ca. 50-30 Ma）, collision between the Indian and Eurasia plates affected the region that corresponds to the present northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. During this period, the central Qilian Block rotated clockwise by approximately 24° to form a wedge-shaped basin （i.e., the Xining Basin） opening to the west. During ca. 17-8 Ma, the entire northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau underwent dramatic deformation, and the Lajishan uplifted rapidly owing to the northward compression of the Guide Basin from the south. A marked change in subsidence occurred in the Xining Basin during this period, when the basin was tectonically inverted.

Farmers′ Perception to Farmland Conversion: A Questionnaire Survey in Xining City, Qinghai Province, China

China is experiencing a fast process of farmland conversion which is conducted mainly by local governments to fuel economic development.Social tension is aroused and policy makers take great concerns on coordinating interests among different stakeholders,especially for increasing farmers′ interest.The purpose of this study is to get some insights related to land acquisition institution by exploring farmers′ perception to farmland conversion.Participatory Rural Appraisal(PRA) was applied for the investigation in peri-urban area,of Xining City,Qinghai Province,China.The total of 519 householders from 15 villages completed valid questionnaire survey from July to November,2012.The results indicate that farmland conversion has several impacts on farmers′ life.Most farmers are gradually adapting to city life.Higher living expenses and more income are perceived by farmers with average score of 4.21 and 2.69,respectively.The average scores of 2.38 and 2.46 are for improvement of life security and more job opportunities.Farmers expect to get some stable ways of compensation in addition to lump-sum compensation in cash.Stable subsidies every year and obtaining same number of land received strong proposal.And these two options are cited by 49.6% and 43.9% of respondents.Farmland conversion brings about cleaner living condition and more amenities,but lower air visibility and drier air.Results reflect landless farmers′ economic and life pressures and various demands.Local government should pay more attention to increase farmers′ income and improve rural security system.

Variations Trend of Soil Temperature at Deep Layers in Xining from 1961 to 2010

[Objective] The aim was to analyze the changes trend of mean earth temperature at 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 m deep to the ground in Xining from 1961 to 2010. [Method] Using the data of monthly mean soil temperatures at 0.8,1.6 and 3.2 m in Xining from 1961 to 2010, the linear trend, climatic anomalous and climate abrupt of deep soil temperature during recent 50 years were analyzed by using of linear trend analysis, accumulated variance and signal noise ratio methods. [Result] In terms of linear trend, the annual mean soil temperatures at 0.8 m in recent 50 years, as well as 1.6 and 3.2 m in recent 45 years displayed a weak increasing trend in Xining. Comparing with the average air temperature in the same period, the rising range of deep soil temperature is obvious less. The average soil temperatures at 0.8 m was the highest in 1980s, but it was the lowest in the 1960s. In spring, autumn and winter in the 1980s, the average soil temperature was a little higher than many other years at 1.6 m. In four seasons in the 1980s, the average soil temperature was obvious higher at 3.2 m. The annual soil temperatures at 0.8 m were anomalous warm in 1991, and from 1987 to 1992, as well as in 1994, 2007 and 2009. The annual soil temperatures at 3.2 m were anomalous warm. In the 1990s, there were four years which were anomalous warm at 3.2 m, as well as five years at 0.8 m and five years at 1.6 m. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the development of climate changes in Xining.

A Preliminary Study on a Seismotectonic Model for the Active Faults in the Xining Urban Area

On the basis of the Xining active urban fault survey, we studied the relationship between the active urban fault and fold deformation. The result of this research shows that the Huangshuihe fault and the NW-striking fault on the northern bank of the Huangshulbe River are tensional faults on top of an anticline, the Nanchuanhe fault is a transverse tear fault resulting from differential folding on two sides of the fault, the east bank of the Beichuanhe River fault is a compressional fault developed on the core or climb of a syncline. By balance profile analysis of fold deformation and inversion of gravity anomaly data, we obtained the depth of the detachment plane and established the seismotectonic model of the ）fining urban area. Based on the seismotectonic model, we analyzed the earthquake potential of the active urban fault.

Magnetochronology of Late Miocene Mammal Fauna in Xining Basin,NE Tibetan Plateau, China

The Xining basin is located in the northeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is a rift basin formed in Mesozoic and Cenozoic and structurally belongs to the intersection of Kunlun and Qilian Mountains. Cenozoic fluvial and lacustrine sedimentary strata are continuous in the Xining basin, with a thickness of more than 800 m, completely recording the deformation uplifting, weathering and denudation history and climate change process of the northeastern plateau. Currently, early Miocene Xijia fauna, early Middle Miocene Danshuilu fauna and late Middle Miocene Diaogou fauna are discovered in the Xining basin, which provide an important basis for the stratigraphic correlation of the Cenozoic strata in the Xining basin. However, in the next few decades, there are no reports about the large mammal fossils in the Xining basin, especially about late Miocene fauna. The author discovered a large amount of mammal fossils in the Neogene sedimentary strata in Huzhu area, Xining basin. According to the identification results of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, these fossils mainly included Hipparion dongxiangense, Chilotherium sp., Parelasmotherium sp., Stephanocemas sp. and Kubanochoerus sp. and their age was early Late Miocene. Since the discovery of this set of fossils directly filled the blank that there were no large mammal fossils in the Xining basin in Late Miocene, it was very important for studying the magnetic stratigraphic chronology of fossil-forming strata and establishing the paleomagnetic chronology scale plate of mammal fossils. In this paper, the paleomagnetic data of the fossil-forming stratigraphic profile, Banyan profile, were measured and the paleomagnetic records were collected through high density sampling, and finally the paleomagnetic polarity column of the profile was established. The results showed that five positive and five negative polarity segments were recorded in Banyan profile, which corresponded well to the polarity between C3 Br.1 n-C4 n.2 n in the standard polarity column. The age of profile top was about 7.25 Ma and profile bottom was about 8.4 Ma, with an age range of 1.15 Ma. The mammal fossils discovered this time were exposed between positive and negative polarities N5 and R5 at the bottom of the profile, corresponding to C4 r.1 r at negative polarity and C4 n.2 n at positive polarity in the standard polarity column. The age of mammal fossils was about 8.3 Ma. The paleomagnetic chronology of the strata and paleontological fossils determined the absolute age of late Miocene mammal fossils and expanded the upper age of late Miocene Xianshuihe Formation(N1 xn) in the Xining basin, which had provided new basic data for further studying the stratigraphic deposition and correlation of late Cenozoic strata and regional environmental evolution.

First Report of Late Miocene Mammals Including Chilotherium in the Xining Basin,NE Tibetan Plateau,China

Objective Xining basin is located in the northeastern Qinghai- Tibetan Plateau, which tectonic location belongs to a junction of the Kunlun and Qilian mountains. The southern, northern and western parts of the basin are restricted by the Laji, Daban and Riyue mountains fault zones, and go eastward into the Longzhong basin in Gansu Province. A succession of Cenozoic lacustrine sedimentary strata has been well developed in the Xining basin, with sediments over 800 m thick.

Middle Jurassic—Tertiary Deposits and Ostracod—Charophyte fossil assemblages of Xining and Minhe Basins

The Xining and the Minhe Basins bordering on each other around Ledu innorthwestern China cover a wide area from the west of Lanzhou in Gansuprovince to the east of Xining in Qinghai province.In these inland basins,Meso-Cenozoic terrestrial deposits about 6000-7000 meters in thicknessand rich in mineral resources,such as coal,oi1 as well as salts,had beenaccumunated,which yield abundant organic remains comprising microfossils,such as nonmarine ostracods,charophytes,spores and pollen and macrofos-si1s including bivalves.gastropods,esthierians,fishes,reptiles and plants.

Test and Correction of CUACE Model in Air Quality Forecast in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau:A Case Study of Xining City

Based on the data of national monitoring points of air pollution control in Xining from 2015 to 2017,the air quality prediction of CUACE model in Xining was tested by using the method of national environmental meteorological numerical model prediction quality inspection and evaluation.The results show that the prediction accuracy of the CAUCE model for the primary pollutants in Xining region during 2015-2017 was generally higher in the winter half year,and the maximum appeared in November 2016.The prediction accuracy in 24,48 and 72 h was more than 70%.The prediction accuracy of the model in the summer half year was low.The primary pollutants in Xining area were PM_(10),PM_(2.5),O_(3),NO_(2) and CO.The prediction accuracy of PM_(10) was the highest,followed by PM_(2.5),while that of O 3 was the lowest.TS score of 24-hour forecast of light pollution was greater than 0 in the winter half year,and it was the highest in December when the unreported rate was also the highest;the empty report rate existed all year round,and was the highest from May to June.Forecast deviation was greater than 0 in the winter half year,and the maximum appeared in January.The 48-hour and 72-hour model forecast were consistent with the 24-hour forecast.The forecast effect of the model on sudden pollution weather was poor,and moderate pollution,severe pollution,and serious pollution weather occurred less frequently in Xining region,so there was fewer model forecast of this kind of pollution.Besides,among the 24-,48-and 72-hour forecast values of the model,there were many empty reports of this kind of pollution,and the empty report rate was high.

The Paleo-Environmental Significance of Sr and Ca Contained in Acid-Soluble Fraction of Plateau Loess Deposits in Xining Basin

The Xining Basin, located on northeastern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, is adjacent to the Qaidam Basin and Gobi-desert. Therefore, thick, integrated deposits of loess or paleo-sol sequence were well developed. As is well known, there is much paleo-environmental information recorded in loess and paleo|sol. So if we deal with paleo-environmental index from different angles, especially from loess geochemistry, some important and detailed paleo-environmental evolutional information will be acquired. Based on this, the authors determined the contents of Sr and Ca contained in acid-soluble fraction from the bottom to the top of the Panzishan section. This section was obtained through making a well about 17 m in depth, including S-1 paleo-sol that was developed during the last interglacial period. According to the results, it is found that variations in contents of Sr and Ca are well correlated with conversion of loess and paleo-sol. In loess deposits, the contents of Sr and Ca are higher than those in paleo-sol deposits. It is known that loess was deposited under cold-dry climate conditions and paleo-sol was developed during warm-humid climate episodes. It is concluded that due to their mobile behaviors, under cold-dry climate conditions, Sr and Ca are stagnant during weak weathering, but under warm-humid climate conditions, Sr and Ca are easily leached and transported in aqueous solution. Therefore, they can be utilized as indicators of climate changes. Moreover, variations in contents of Sr and Ca are more sensitive than susceptibility. The mobile behaviors of Sr and Ca contained in acid-soluble fraction can serve as a new quantitative index to evaluate paleo-environmental changes on the plateau.

Private Joke Xining, china

A group of Buddhist monks lighten up after hours of meditation and share a joke as they head for lunch inside Ta＇er Monastery in Xining, Qinghai Province. It is the largest Tibetan Buddhist Gelugpa Sect monastery in China outside the Tibet Autonomous Region. Built in 1577,

8th International Symposium on Test Automation & Instrumentation(ISTAI 2020) 18th-20th August 2020,Xining China

The"8th International Symposium on Test Automation and Instrumentation (ISTAI 2020)",co-sponsored by China Instrumentation&Control Society (CIS) and Beijing Information Science and Technology University,it will be held in Xining,China on August 18th-20th,2020.The symposium aims to build a platform for experts,scholars.

应用Xine播放VCD／DVD

对Linux爱好者来说，在Linux下也可以看VCD／DVD。使用Linux中强大的播放程序——Xine，不但播放VCD／DVD的效果十分优秀，而且还可播放众多的流媒体文件。它不愧为Linux下的超级解霸。下面，笔者就详细地介绍一下Xine的安装和使用。

Lhasa Restaurants Popular in Xining

ＬｈａｓａＲｅｓｔａｕｒａｎｔｓＰｏｐｕｌａｒｉｎＸｉｎｉｎｇ￥ＤＯＪＥＰｅｏｐｌｅｉｎＸｉｎｉｎｇ，ＱｉｎｇｈａｉＰｒｏｖｉｎｃｅ，ｌｏｖｅｔｏｔｅｌｌｔｈｅｉｒｆｒｉｅｎｄｓｃｏｍｉｎｇｍａｄｅｉｎ１９９５ａｎｄｙｅａｒｓｂｅｆｏｒｅ．Ｗｈｉｌｅ...

王海东治疗强直性脊柱炎经验

强直性脊柱炎是一种慢性,进行性关节炎症性疾病。王海东教授从事风湿病治疗30余年,对AS的治疗积累了丰富的经验,形成了以中药方剂补肾强督、扶助正气,配合经筋理论指导下的针刀疏经通络、调和阴阳的独特治疗体系,在临床取得良好的效果,值得推广。

西宁地区主要平菇菌株秋冬两季农艺性状和产量比较试验

目的 了解不同平菇菌株的农艺性状及产量,为西宁地区平菇产业发展提供理论支撑。方法 以西宁地区栽培的10个平菇菌株为试验材料,通过熟料袋栽方式,观测其发菌出菇情况、子实体性状及产量。结果 从发菌出菇速度来看,8105和小黑平吃料快、菌丝生长速率快,过肩时间、满袋时间和出菇时间均较短,菌丝生长表现优异。从各菌株子实体的农艺性状来看,8105和抗病3号的菌盖厚度、单袋产量和单朵鲜重最高,显著优于其他菌株,同时8105的菌盖直径亦最高,农艺性状表现最好。从单袋产量和生物学效率来看,抗病3号和8105的菌株最高,两者无显著差异,且均极显著高于其他菌株;其次是小黑平的单袋产量和总生物学效率较高。结论 从发菌出菇速度、农艺性状和产量3方面综合对比可知,8105和抗病3号可作为西宁地区平菇推广栽培的首选菌株,小黑平可作为备选菌株。

高原河谷城市浅层地下水铁锰分布特征、影响因素及其对生态环境的影响——以西宁市为例

【研究目的】高原河谷城市因受地形条件限制,生态环境脆弱,强烈的人为活动已对地下水产生剧烈影响。铁锰离子已成为典型高原河谷城市西宁市浅层地下水中超Ⅲ类地下水的主要贡献指标,威胁着当地生态环境安全及居民身体健康。深入探究高原河谷城市浅层地下水中铁、锰的分布特征和影响因素,以期为该区提出地下水污染防治措施及缓解供水水质安全问题提供技术支持。【研究方法】本文以西宁市144组浅层地下水样品水化学组分测试结果为依据,结合研究区地质、地貌、土地利用类型、水文地质调查资料与人类活动影响,研究了西宁市浅层地下水中铁锰分布特征及影响因素。【研究结果】研究区浅层地下水中铁、锰超标率分别为20.98%和9.79%,对超Ⅲ类地下水的贡献率排名较2012年分别上升2名和3名。建设用地中浅层地下水铁锰超标率比其他土地利用类型用地分别高出1.4倍和3.47倍;研究区浅层地下水水化学类型有36种,建设用地中地下水化学类型多达21种,高铁锰地下水主要富集于HCO_(3)–Ca·Mg型水、HCO_(3)·SO_(4)–Ca型水中。地下水中铁锰离子的迁移和富集,除了与上覆盖层性质、地面污染、地下水径流条件有关外,主要受控于氧化还原环境,与酸碱条件无明显相关。【结论】研究区地下水中铁锰含量升高主要是受原生沉积环境所致,而局部建设用地中浅层地下水铁锰含量升高则是受原生沉积环境和人类活动共同影响所致,因此有必要对建设用地中的地下水铁锰含量进行长期监测,制定相应的管理措施,防止未来研究区浅层地下水中铁锰含量进一步升高。