三维单左对称代数上的Nijenhuis算子和经典Yang-Baxter方程解

为了研究三维复单左对称代数上的Nijenhuis算子,通过求解结构常数构成的二次方程组,对三维复单左对称代数上的Nijenhuis算子进行了刻画.此外,利用所得结果,给出了半直积邻接李代数上的经典Yang-Baxter方程的解.

From Hai Yao, Yang Yao to Xi Yao: Sinification of Material Medical from the West

In ancient China, Daoist philosophers developed the concepts of qi(energy), Wu Xing(five elements), and yin(feminine, dark, negative) and yang(masculine, bright, positive) opposite forces between 200 and 600 BCE. Based on these philosophies, Zhen Jiu(acupuncture), Ben Cao(materia medica), and the practice of Qi Gong(energy optimization movements) evolved as the three interrelated therapeutic regimens of Chinese medicine(Note 1). Since the time of Zhang Qian, who discovered China's western regions in the 1st century BCE, Hai Yao(the exotic elements of materia medica from the maritime Silk Road countries), had been transmitted from the ancient land and maritime routes of the Silk Road to China in the past two millennia(Note 2). Since the late 17th century, the English East India Company, later called the British East India Company, introduced Yang Yao(opium) to the Manchu Qing Empire to balance a growing trade deficit for tea export from China to the British Empire. After the First Opium War ended in 1842, enterprising expatriate chemists and druggists in the treaty ports imported Xi Yao(modern medicines from the Western world) for sale to the merchant navy and the local market. From the second half of the 19th century onwards, both Hai Yao and Xi Yao have become a fully integrated part of modern China's armamentarium for the Chinese medicine and Western hospitals and retail pharmacy sectors. This paper articulates the journey of adoption of exotic elements of materia medica from the ancient land and sea routes of the Silk Road, including the western regions and the rest of the world in the past two millennia. Opium traders, ship surgeons, medical and pharmaceutical missionaries, enterprising traders, and policymakers together transformed Ben Cao into Xi Yao during the late Manchu Qing dynasty and the early Nationalist Era.

Differential Effects of Yin- and Yang-Chinese Tonifying Herbs on Innate and Adaptive Immunity

The present study investigated the effect of treatment with methanolic extracts of Yin- and Yang-Chinese tonifying herbs on concanavalin A (Con A)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated splenocyte proliferation (adaptive immunity) and natural killer (NK) cell activity (innate immunity) in an ex vivo mouse model. The results indicated that while treatment with most Yin herbal extracts potentiated the Con A/LPS-stimulated splenocyte proliferation, only Yang (but not Yin) herbal extracts stimulated NK cell activity. The differential effects of Yin- and Yang-Chinese tonifying herbs on innate and adaptive immunity are consistent with the Chinese medicine theory which depicts the Yin and Yang functional components of Zheng Qi (vital energy), with the Yang component being responsible for the first line of defense against invading microorganisms (i.e., innate immunity) and the Yin oner serving as a follow-up defensive response (adaptive immunity).

Effects of Manganese on the Antioxidant System and Related Gene Expression Levels in the “Hong Yang” Kiwifruit Seedlings

To explore how manganese affects the antioxidant system and the expression levels of related genes of“Hong yang”seedlings,the leaves of its tissue cultured seedlings were taken as test materials,and single factor treatment was performed by changing the manganese chloride(MnCl_(2)·4H_(2)O)solution concentration when spraying the leaves.The expression levels of Mn-SOD,POD64 and POD27 genes in leaves were quantitatively analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR(qRT-PCR)at different determination times.Meanwhile,the contents of malondial-dehyde(MDA),hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)),the activities of antioxidant enzymes,including catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),and superoxide dismutase(SOD).The results showed that the SOD,CAT,POD,ascorbate peroxidase(APX),and reduced glutathione(GSH)activities in leaves were the highest at 12 h post-treatment with 50μM MnCl_(2)·4H_(2)O.Furthermore,the contents of MDA and H_(2)O_(2) in leaves also peaked when the concentration of H_(2)O_(2) is 50μM,which is the minimum value.Additionally at 50μM Mn^(2+),the Mn-SOD and POD27 expression was up-regulated as compared to the control,which promoted the expression of their respective enzyme activities.However,POD64 expression increased with the increasing Mn^(2+) concentration.Therefore,50μM is the optimal concentration of Mn when exogenously applied on“Hong yang”,which improve the antioxidant enzyme activity and regulate the plant’s physiological and biochemical functions.

Research on Yang Xiong from a Calligraphic Perspective

Yang Xiong,a cultural celebrity in ancient China,is a well-known figure in the history of Chinese literature with abundant research on his literary achievements.However,little research has been done on the presentation of his name,former residence,and prose poems in Chinese calligraphy from an iconographic perspective.This paper intends to explore how“Yang Xiong,”“Yang Ziyun,”“Ziyun Pavilion in Xishu Prefecture,”and“Yang Xiong’s prose poems”are presented in the Chinese calligraphy,especially in calligraphies by Wang Xizhi,Su Dongpo,Huang Tingjian,Mi Fu,and other famous calligraphers in the previous dynasties.Research shows that Yang Xiong influenced not only Chinese literature but also Chinese calligraphy to a certain extent.

Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of the effects of Zhenwu decoction on kidney yang deficiency pattern in chronic kidney disease

Objective:To explore the kidney yang deficiency pattern(KYDP)in a chronic kidney disease(CKD)rat model and the mechanisms underlying the effects of Zhenwu decoction(ZWD)by conducting tran-scriptomic and metabolomic analyses.Methods:Adriamycin(ADR)combined with hydrocortisone(HC)was used to induce CKD with KYDP in rats.ADR was injected into the tail vein twice.HC was injected intramuscularly for 8 weeks.ZWD was administered by gavage for 8 weeks.The general condition was observed,24-h urine protein was detected,serum corticosterone,triiodothyronine,thyroxine,TSH,testosterone,cAMP,and cGMP levels were determined,and pathological analysis was conducted.Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses were conducted to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs),differentially expressed metabolites(DEMs),and differentially expressed pathways(DEPs).The core DEMs and DEGs were input to Metab-oanalyst 5.0 to identify the pathways affected by ZWD.Results:In the HC group,KYDP symptoms were observed.Compared with control group,the levels of 24-h urine protein,TSH,and cGMP significantly increased(all P<0.01),and corticosterone,triiodothyronine,thyroxine,and cAMP significantly decreased(all P<0.01)in the HC group.After ZWD intervention,the levels of above-mentioned indicators could be reversed to some extent.Pathological analysis in the HC group revealed kidney lesions.DEGs in the ZWD group were mainly associated with pathways such as nucleotide synthesis and endocrine pathways.In the ZWD group,differences in biosynthesis of unsat-urated fatty acids and butanoate metabolism were observed.The following pathways were significantly affected by ZWD:arachidonic acid metabolism,valine,leucine,and isoleucine biosynthesis,linoleic acid metabolism,and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.Conclusion:ZWD can be used to treat KYDP in CKD through regulating arachidonic acid metabolism,valine,leucine,and isoleucine biosynthesis,linoleic acid metabolism,and alpha-linolenic acid metabolism.

k次幂等矩阵下Yang-Baxter矩阵方程所有解

令A是一个k次幂等矩阵并考虑Yang-Baxter矩阵方程AXA=XAX.基于先前关于可对角化系数矩阵的Yang-Baxter矩阵方程解的结果,可以推导得到方程的所有解.

Clinical efficacy of external treatment with Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with hormone therapy for granulomatous mastitis and its effect on cellular pyroptosis proteins

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with dexamethasone ointment in the treatment of granulomatous lobular mastitis in the mass stage and the effect on cellular pyroptosis-related proteins.Methods:Forty patients with granulomatous lobular mastitis were randomly divided into 20 cases in the observation group and 20 cases in the control group.Both groups were given dexamethasone ointment for treatment,and the observation group was treated with external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang on the basis of the control group.Breast lump vol-ume changes,breast pain and pus symptoms,pathology and histology and immunohistochemistry,cellular death-related indicators expression were compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the difference in mass volume of the observation group was significantly greater than that of the control group(16.7±21.5 in the control group and 32.9±27.4 in the experimental group)and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);the objective remission rate of the patients in the observation group(ORR=85%)was significantly higher than that of the treatment group(ORR=50%,P<0.05).In terms of pus formation rate and pain level,the breast pain score of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group after two weeks or three weeks of treatment(P<0.05);the pus formation rate of the observation group was 30%,and the pus formation rate of the control group was 20%,and the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The immunohistochemical expression levels of caspase-1 and GSDMD in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05);and in terms of the expression of cellular pyroptosis-related indexes,the expression of GSDMD,cas-pase-1,and NLRP3 in the observation group was significantly lower compared with that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The efficacy of external application of Zi Cao Yang He Tang combined with dexamethasone ointment in treating granulomatous lobular mastitis in the mass stage is remarkable,which can effectively reduce breast pain,reduce the size of the mass,de-crease the expression of cellular pyroptosisrelated indexes,and have a good anti-inflammatory effect.

A Comparative Study of YīJiàn Xiǎo Shìand A Small Incident Rendered by the Yangs

Lu Xun’s short stories play a prominent role in the history of modern Chinese literature,and a number of Sinologists have studied them and published their English translations.This paper selects“YīJiàn Xiǎo Shì”in Lu Xun’s collection“Call to Arms”as the object of study,taking hypotaxis and parataxis as the starting point,and compares the translation of Yang Hsien-yi and Gladys Yang with the original version,studying the differences between the them in the process of C-E translation.It is hoped that some flexible conversion strategies in English-Chinese translation can be learned from the translation research.

The active mechanism of the Sheng Yang San Huo decoction on diabetic peripheral neuropathy on network pharmacology

Objectives:To discuss the mechanism of Sheng Yang San Huo decoction on diabetic peripheral neuropathy using the network pharmacology method.Methods:The BATMAN-TCM database,TCM-ID database,Chinese Natural Product Chemical Composition Database,and TCMIP database were employed to screen the chemical active ingredients of each herb in Sheng Yang San Huo decoction based on the“Libinsky Drug Rules”.SwissTargetPrediction was used to screen effective action targets for each herb in the prescription.Additionally,Cytoscape 3.7.0 was utilized to construct a“drug-target”network.GeneCards,OMIM,and MaLaCards databases were utilized to gather targets related to diabetic peripheral neuropathy.VENNY 2.1 online platform was employed to match drug and disease targets,draw a Venn diagram,and construct a“drug-active compounds-common target”network using Cytoscape 3.7.0.gene ontology biological process analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis for the targets were conducted using the DAVID 6.8 database.Enrichment analysis results were visualized using the OmicShareTool online platform.Molecular docking was performed using CB-Dock2.Results:Following screening,a total of 217 active compounds and 132 potential targets were identified in Sheng Yang San Huo decoction.The effects are primarily enriched in pathways such as Lipid and Atherosclerosis,AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications,and the IL-17 signaling pathway.The binding energy of the key active ingredients to the core protein targets of DPN was favorable.Conclusion:The study reveals the characteristics of multiple targets and pathways of Sheng Yang San Huo decoction,providing new insights for the clinical application of this prescription.

一类由Hermitian Yang-Mills度量导出的半线性偏微分方程

本文研究了由一类Hermitian Yang-Mills度量的极限行为所导出的半线性方程的边值问题与全局解的径向对称性质.使用极大值原理与Leray-Schhauder不动点定理,我们得到了这个方程在R^(2)平面中全局C2解的径向对称性与这个方程的Dirichlet问题在任意有界区域内C^(2,α)解的存在性.

基于“动则生阳”理论探讨鸢尾素与慢性心力衰竭心阳虚证本质的联系

慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure, CHF)是各种原因导致的心脏疾病终末阶段,心阳不足是导致CHF恶化的关键病因。鸢尾素是一种肌动蛋白糖基化蛋白激素,是纤维连接蛋白Ⅲ型结构域5(fibronectin typeⅢdomain containing 5, FNDC5)的多肽切割产物,同时也是一种依赖于过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活物-1α(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1α, PGC-1α)的肌细胞因子。在肌肉运动时,PGC-1α通过刺激FNDC5表达,增加鸢尾素释放并介导运动相关的效应。在这一过程中产生的鸢尾素可以增加线粒体产能和脂肪褐变产热,促进葡萄糖代谢和脂肪酸氧化。“动则生阳”理论源于《易经》,其指出“动”是化生阴阳万物的起源。对于CHF心阳虚证患者,运动可振奋其心阳,促进人体气血通畅,改善CHF症状,促进疾病向愈。“动则生阳”的本质可能是运动改善了CHF心阳虚证患者的“气虚”和“寒象”状态,可能与机体运动时产生的鸢尾素调控了能量代谢及线粒体产能有关。因此,推测缺乏鸢尾素可能是CHF心阳虚证的生物学内涵。

基于“阴阳自和”理论探讨自噬在老年血脂异常中的作用

自噬是近年来的医学热点领域,在此过程中,受损细胞器、蛋白质聚集物和脂滴等通发生降解(阴),并在此过程中生成能量(阳)与机体衰老和能量代谢密切相关。自噬在维持细胞内稳态、应对细胞内应激中的作用与阴阳消长、阴阳互用实现动态平衡,从而达到阴阳自和状态的过程不谋而合。中医理论分析认为老年血脂异常为本虚标实之证,与脾肾功能相关,与机体阴阳自和能力下降相关。文章尝试以中医阴阳理论为基础,探讨细胞自噬在老年血脂异常中的作用。

从“阳化气,阴成形”探讨慢性咳嗽之因机证治

慢性咳嗽是以咳嗽为主症或唯一症状、病程持续8周以上的呼吸系统疾病。慢性咳嗽病因复杂,病程较长,病势缠绵,且极易复发。西医诊断该病过程繁琐,治疗手段有限,而中医药以整体观念和辨证论治思想为指导,在缓解临床症状、预防疾病复发方面具有独特优势。该文以“阳化气,阴成形”为抓手,分析阴阳在慢性咳嗽因机证治全周期的重要意义,认为慢性咳嗽之病机关键为“阳化气,阴成形”功能失衡,以肺之气血失和、阴阳虚损为本,阳化而气行不畅、周流有碍,阴变而凝结停滞、壅塞肺络为标。治疗上,需要补肺、脾、肾阴阳之不足,泄气滞、水湿、痰饮、瘀血、热毒之有余,以恢复“阳化气,阴成形”之平衡。具体用药方面,主张以偏纠偏,以药物气味之偏性纠正人体阴阳之偏颇。另附典型医案二例,加以验证说明,以期为中医药防治慢性咳嗽提供新的诊疗思路和方法。

基于“阳化气,阴成形”理论辨治痿证

津气两伤是痿证的病变基础,亦是“阳化气,阴成形”失衡的结果。阳化气不足,阴成形失衡,而致脏腑功能失调,水饮痰瘀内生,四肢九窍失养,发为痿证。本文基于“阳化气,阴成形”理论,探讨高颖教授采用助阳化气法治疗阳化气不足的重症肌无力,益肾调形法治疗阴成形失衡的多发性硬化,阴阳双补法治疗阴阳俱损的运动神经元病。治疗痿证,需审证求因,明辨阴阳,调整偏颇,在疾病早期给予中医药治疗,以延缓疾病演变进程、改善预后。

由“阳有余而阴不足”探讨自噬调节糖皮质激素介导的破骨分化

目前,糖皮质激素(glucocorticoids,GC)在临床上被广泛应用于抑制炎症反应与免疫系统,然而GC的长期大量应用会引起破骨细胞过度活跃,导致骨质疏松症以及相关骨折,被称为糖皮质激素性骨质疏松症(GIOP)。GIOP属于中医学“骨痿”“骨枯”的范畴,“骨痿”的发病病机与机体阴阳失衡密切相关。细胞自噬作为一种自我保护机制,对维持机体内环境平衡、调节“成骨-破骨”形成的骨稳态至关重要。成骨细胞与破骨细胞介导的骨稳态与中医理论中的阴阳自和理论不谋而合。本文基于GIOP发病的病机“阳有余而阴不足”探讨通过“调节自噬-平衡阴阳”来调控骨稳态,为防治GIOP提供新的思路。

扶阳健脾汤-滋阴养胃汤顺势给药和逆势给药对健康大鼠生理指标的影响

目的通过顺势和逆势给药大鼠扶阳健脾汤和滋阴养胃汤的研究来进一步验证中医阴阳分药分时服用方剂学理论,以及评价扶阳健脾汤和滋阴养胃汤的亚急性毒性。方法选取无特定病原体级SD大鼠48只,雌雄各半,按性别、体质量(空腹)排序,采用计算机随机法分为顺势饲喂组、逆势饲喂组、阴阳合药饲喂组和对照组,每组12只。对顺势饲喂组大鼠早上给予滋阴养胃汤颗粒制剂溶液,下午给予扶阳健脾汤颗粒制剂溶液灌胃,逆势饲喂组大鼠给药顺序与顺势饲喂组相反;阴阳合药饲喂组大鼠给予扶阳健脾汤和滋阴养胃汤合药颗粒制剂混合溶液灌胃,分早晚两次给药;给予对照组早晚灌胃等量超纯水,四组大鼠均每周给药5 d,共给药7周。分别于饲喂第1天、第10天、第20天、第30天、第45天时观察各级大鼠的皮肤毛发、行为状态、兴奋程度、激怒反应、睡眠状态、大便状态。分别于饲喂后第1周、第3周、第5周、第7周的周一、三、五测定大鼠采食量和体质量,饲喂7周后检测大鼠血液常规和血生化指标,计算脏器系数。结果饲喂第3周、第5周、第7周,顺势饲喂组日均采食量明显低于对照组;饲喂第5周、第7周,逆势饲喂组体质量明显高于对照组;饲喂7周后,顺势饲喂组和逆势饲喂组的心脏脏器系数明显低于对照组,而顺势饲喂组的脾脏脏器系数明显高于对照组;顺势饲喂组单核细胞计数明显低于对照组,顺势饲喂组和阴阳合药饲喂组的甘油三酯明显低于对照组,顺势饲喂组的血清总胆固醇明显低于对照组,顺势饲喂组、逆势饲喂组、阴阳合药饲喂组的空腹血糖明显低于对照组,顺势饲喂组、逆势饲喂组、阴阳合药饲喂组的肌酐明显高于对照组;顺势饲喂组和阴阳合药饲喂组的白蛋白明显高于对照组。结论顺势给药、逆势给药、混合给药可引起大鼠空腹血糖降低,肌酐增高;此外,顺势给药还可引起大鼠心脏脏器系数、单核细胞计数、甘油三酯、总胆固醇降低,脾脏脏器系数、白蛋白增高,表明顺势给药会促进大鼠的气血运行,有利于减少食物的摄入以及促进大鼠代谢体内的碳水化合物和蛋白质的代谢,从而进一步验证了中医阴阳分药分时服用方剂学理论。

浅谈颜红教授温阳法治疗抑郁症低动力症状

“低动力”为抑郁症的常见特征,表现为精力减退、疲劳感、反应迟缓、性欲减退等,严重影响患者的生活、工作、社交能力。作者随第七批全国老中医药专家学术经验继承老师、天津市名中医颜红教授学习,发现临床上此类症状可归为阳虚证,由于患者长期七情内伤、思虑过度,使情志失遂,进而导致阳气不振、心神失养。治以温阳之法,振奋阳气,可有效改善抑郁症患者低动力症状,值得临床推广使用。

中医滋阴潜阳法对多囊卵巢综合征伴胰岛素抵抗大鼠PI3K/Akt信号通路、性激素及胰岛素相关指标的影响

目的探讨中医滋阴潜阳法对多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovarian syndrome,PCOS)伴胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)大鼠的磷脂酰肌醇3激酶/蛋白激酶B(phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B,PI3K/Akt)信号通路、性激素及胰岛素相关指标的影响。方法以来曲唑加高脂饲料诱导建立多囊卵巢及胰岛素抵抗双重大鼠模型。采用滋阴潜阳法配合达英-35及二甲双胍干预,用免疫荧光法测定卵巢PI3K、Akt通路信号,实时荧光定量PCR检测卵巢PI3K、Akt途径信号分子mRNA表达及PI3K、Akt、胰岛素受体底物-1(insulin receptor substrate 1,IRS-1)、胰岛素受体(insulin receptor,INSR)蛋白表达,性激素、胰岛素生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor 1,IGF-1),胰岛素敏感指数(insulin sensitivity index,ISI),观察卵巢组织形态变化。结果中医滋阴潜阳法能显著增加卵巢PI3K、Akt mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),并能显著增加卵巢PI3K、Akt蛋白表达,上调IRS-1、INSR,降低血清睾酮(testos teron,T)、促黄体生成素(luteinizing hormone,LH)含量,调节ISI,增加卵巢颗粒细胞层数及黄体组织数量。结论中医滋阴潜阳法可提高PI3K/Akt通路信号表达水平,改善胰岛素抵抗及卵泡颗粒细胞功能,调节促黄体生成素/卵泡刺激素(LH/FSH)比值,控制LH异常增高,调节多囊卵巢综合征及胰岛素抵抗。

糖尿病合并肺部感染(气虚阳亏证)证治机理探析

糖尿病合并肺部感染发病率高、死亡率高,严重威胁患者的生活质量及生命安全。中医目前多从清热或者滋阴角度治疗糖尿病合并肺部感染,但此疗法对一些糖尿病后期合并肺部感染患者疗效欠佳甚至无效,从气虚阳亏的思路治疗糖尿病合并肺部感染可以取得满意的疗效。为此,本文探寻糖尿病后期合并肺部感染(气虚阳亏证)的诊治机理,指出其病机是肺脾肾气阳虚衰,尤以脾最为关键,兼寒饮内伏,治疗核心是扶助阳气以温化促气化,以恢复机体平衡。