A review and research on comprehensive characterization of microscopic shale gas reservoir space

In this paper,substantial domestic and foreign research results of microscopic shale reservoir space were systemically reviewed,the research history consisting of simple observation and qualitative classification,quantitative research,the combination of qualitative and quantitative research successively as well as the characteristics of each research stage were summarized.In addition,the current problems existing in the characterization methods of shale reservoir space were also analyzed.Furthermore,based on massive actual detection of typical core samples obtained from more than 50 global shale gas wells and relevant practical experience,a comprehensive characterization method of combining qualitative with the semiquantitative characterization was put forward.In detail,the indicators of the qualitative characterization include pore combination type and organic-matter microscopic morphology type,while the core elements of the semi-quantitative characterization include the percentage of the organic-matter area and the plane porosity of the pores of different types.Based on the reference of the naming and classification of rocks,the three-end-member diagram method was used to characterize microscopic shale reservoir space.This is achieved by plotting the three end-member diagram of 3 kinds of first-order critical reservoir spaces,i.e.,organic-matter pores,matrix pores,and micro-fractures,in order to intuitively present the features of the microscopic pore combination.Meanwhile,statistic histograms of organic-matter microscopic morphology type and the plane porosity of different types of pores were adopted to characterize the development degree of second-order pores quantitatively.By this comprehensive characterization method,the importance of both pore combination and the microscopic morphology of organic matter were emphasized,revealing the control of organic-matter microscopic morphology over the organic-matter pores.What is more,high-resolution FE-SEM was adopted to obtain semi-quantitative statistics results.In this way,the features of pore development and pore combination were quantified,not only reflecting the types and storage capacity of the microscopic shale reservoir space,but also presenting the hydrocarbongenerating potential of organic matter in shale.Therefore,the results of this research are capable of providing in-depth microscopic information for the assessment and exploration and development of shale gas resources.

鄂尔多斯盆地延长油气区山西组山2段储层物性影响因素

利用铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X线衍射及岩心和测井等各种资料,对鄂尔多斯盆地中东部延长油气区山2储层特征及影响因素进行分析。研究结果表明:研究区储层岩性主要为中细粒石英砂岩,成分成熟度较高,结构成熟度较低,储层空间以次生孔隙为主。孔隙结构以微孔微喉型为主,进汞曲线平台不明显,呈陡斜式,储层孔隙结构微观非均质性强。储层物性差,属低渗和特低渗气藏。储层特征受沉积作用和成岩作用综合影响,水下分流河道是形成有利储层的主要相带;压实作用和胶结作用是砂岩孔隙率降低的主要原因,分别造成19.5%和14%的原生孔隙丧失;溶蚀作用形成的次生孔隙在一定程度上改善了砂岩储集性能,溶蚀作用增加的孔隙率平均为1.7%。

鄂尔多斯盆地延长油气区山西组山2段储层砂岩成岩作用

根据薄片、铸体薄片、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射及化验分析等资料,对延长油气区山2段储层的岩石学特征、成岩作用类型和阶段划分及其对孔隙的影响进行了研究。研究表明,该区山2段储层砂岩以石英砂岩、岩屑质石英砂岩为主,成分成熟度较高,结构成熟度较低。成岩作用类型主要包括:压实作用、胶结作用和溶蚀作用。砂岩经历了早成岩阶段A、B期和晚成岩阶段A1、A2和B期的成岩演化阶段。压实作用和胶结作用是砂岩孔隙度降低的主要原因,分别造成19.5%和14%的原生孔隙丧失;溶解作用形成的次生孔隙在一定程度上改善了砂岩储集性能,溶蚀作用增加的新孔隙平均为1.7%。

灰色关联方法在低渗储层评价中的应用

低渗储层的评价对单井生产动态分析和经济开发具有重要的指导意义。从储层沉积环境、储层规模、储层物性、储层含油性和储层改造选取储层评价基础参数,运用聚类分析,计算各基础参数的相关性,优选出储层评价参数为砂岩厚度、泥质含量、孔隙度、渗透率、沉积微相类型。依据灰色系统理论关联分析法,确定各参数的权系数,同时对储层多个影响因素进行综合评价,计算得到综合评价指标,并依据综合评价指标对储层进行评价分类。实例应用表明,延长油田樊川区储层可分为四类,按储层品质由高到低依次为:I类储层,II类储层,III类储层和非储层。分类结果与油田实际情况相符,能够很好的解释不同区域单井生产动态的差异性。本文建立的储层评价方法立足于实际数据,通俗易懂,简便易行,值得在延长油田低渗储层区域推广。