Acute Coronary Syndrome of Young Subjects at the Luxembourg Mother-Child University Hospital in Bamako

Introduction: Acute coronary syndrome is often the first event of coronary disease of young subjects. Objective: To study sociodemographic, clinical, paraclinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of acute coronary syndrome of young subjects. Patients and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study with prospective recruitment from October 01, 2020 to March 31, 2022. Were included all patients admitted for acute coronary syndrome whose age was less or equal to 45 years and who had undergone coronary angiography at the Mother-Child University Hospital on Luxembourg from Bamako. Results: During the study period, we collected 60 patient files out of 198. These 60 patient files met our inclusion criteria. Hospital frequency was 30.30%. Average age of patients was 40.43 ± 3.9 years. Sex ratio M/F was 5.3. Main cardiovascular risk factor was smoking tobacco (23.42%), followed by dyslipidemia (13.92%). Functional signs were dominated by angina 62% followed by dyspnea 25.3%. Persistent ST-segment elevation on electrocardiogram was present in 76.4%. Left ventricular systolic dysfunction was present in 26.5%. Time to first medical contact was more than 12 hours in 62.7% of cases. Radial approach was adopted in 94% of cases. Coronary angiography was pathological in 85% (n = 51) of cases. Lesions were single-vessel disease in 47.1% and culprit artery was anterior interventricular in 51% of cases. Dual anti-platelet aggregation was aspirin and ticagrelor in 91.8% of cases. Angioplasty was performed in all patients who had significant abnormalities at coronary angiography. In-hospital mortality was 3.9%. Conclusion: Acute coronary syndromes exist in young Africans with a male predominance. Main cardiovascular risk factor is smoking tobacco. Coronary lesions are single vessel disease in the majority of case. Most of patients meet medical team after 12 hours. Time to first medical contact is a main challenge in our country.

Correlation between psychological traits and the use of smart medical services in young and middle-aged adults: An observational study

BACKGROUND Psychological problems affect economic development.However,there is a huge gap between mental health service resources and mental health service needs.Existing mental health service technology and platforms cannot meet all the diverse mental health needs of people.Smart medicine is a new medical system based online that can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of medical services and make mental health services accessible.AIM To explore the level of intelligent medical use among young and middle-aged people and its correlation with psychological factors.METHODS Convenience sampling was used to select 200 young and middle-aged patients with medical experience at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu between January 2022 and January 2023 as the research subjects.The general condition Questionnaire,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire,Symptom Checklist-90,General Health Questionnaire,and Smart Medical Service Use Intention Questionnaire were used to collect data.Pearson’s correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the participants’willingness to use smart medical services and their personality characteristics,psychological symptoms,and mental health.RESULTS The results revealed that the mental health of young and middle-aged people was poor,and some had psycho-logical problems such as anxiety,depression,and physical discomfort.Familiarity,acceptance,and usage of smart healthcare in this population are at a medium level,and these levels correlate with psychological characteristics.Acceptance was positively correlated with E,and negatively correlated with P,anxiety,fear,anxiety/insomnia,and social dysfunction.The degree of use was negatively correlated with P,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,hostility,paranoia,and somatic symptoms.CONCLUSION The familiarity,acceptance,and usage of smart medical services among the middle-aged and young groups are related to various psychological characteristics.

Study on the association of multimorbidity with sleep and diet in young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing region,China

Background:The prevalence of multimorbidity is increasing,with a notable shift towards younger age groups.Methods:Convenience sampling was employed to select 15,988 young and middle-aged adults in Chongqing as the study population.The Apriori algorithm was used to identify the multimorbidity patterns within this population,while an unordered binary logistic regression model was applied to assess the association between sleep,diet and the risk of multimorbidity.Results:The study population had an average age of 39.2±10.1 years.Apriori association rules revealed that the most prevalent binary chronic disease multimorbidity pattern was dyslipidaemia+hypertension(14.78%),while the most common ternary chronic disease multimorbidity pattern was diabetes+dyslipidaemia+hypertension(9.66%).The logistic regression analysis revealed that a lower rating of sleep quality was associated with an elevated risk of multimorbidity(odds ratio(OR)=1.17,95%confidence interval(CI):1.01,1.36).Individuals who adhere to a meat-based diet(OR=1.45,95%CI:1.25,1.68)and those with elevated salt intake(OR=1.22,95%CI:1.01,1.47)were also observed to have an increased risk of multimorbidity.Additionally,a greater likelihood of multimorbidity was observed among those following a spicy diet(OR=1.3,95%CI:1.11,1.52)and consuming more oil(OR=1.16,95%CI:1.01,1.33).Conclusion:A poor sleep quality and a dietary preference for meat-based,salt,spicy and oils were found to be associated with an increased risk of multimorbidity progression among young and middle-aged populations.It is recommended that young and middle-aged adults should pay attention not only to sleep duration but also to sleep quality and improve dietary habits to reduce the likelihood of multimorbidity.

The Relationship between Mental Health Literacy and Subjective Well-Being of Young and Middle-Aged Residents: Perceived the Mediating Role of Social Support and Its Urban-Rural Differences

This study investigates mental health literacy among young and middle-aged urban and rural residents and the differences in mental health literacy,perceived social support and subjective well-being.From January to February 2022,620 participants(320 rural and 300 urban residents)from three provinces of China were selected by con-venience sampling.A general data questionnaire,mental health literacy scale,perceived social support scale and subjective well-being scale were administered.The mental health literacy scores of urban residents were 3.34±0.57 and those of rural residents were 2.73±0.79.The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the mental health literacy scores of rural residents were more significant than those of urban residents in terms of sex and age,while urban residents’mental health literacy scores were more significant than those of rural resi-dents in terms of monthly income.Mental health literacy,perceived social support and subjective well-being of young and middle-aged urban and rural residents were all positively correlated(P<0.01).While the level of mental health literacy is better among urban residents than rural residents,perceived social support plays a partial mediating role between mental health literacy and subjective well-being of both urban and rural residents,and should be the focus of researchers seeking to improve the level of well-being of residents.

Effect of Age and Sex on Stroke Mortality of Young and Middle-aged Adults in China,2002–2019,and Predictions to 2030

Objective This study aimed to examine the trends in stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults in China.Methods Data were obtained from the China national vital registration system.Significant changes in mortality were assessed by Joinpoint regression.Age-period-cohort analysis was used to explain the reasons for the changes.Future mortality and counts were predicted by the Bayesian age-period-cohort model.Results Between 2002 and 2019,a total of 6,253,951 stroke mortality in young and middle-aged adults were recorded.The age-adjusted mortality rates(AAMRs)of women showed a downward trend.The annual percent changes(APC)were-3.5%(-5.2%,-1.7%)for urban women and-2.8%(-3.7%,-1.9%)for rural women.By contrast,the AAMRs per 100,000 for rural men aged 25–44 years continued to rise from 9.40 to 15.46.The AAMRS for urban men aged 25–44 years and urban and rural men aged 45–64years did not change significantly.Between 2020 and 2030,the projected stroke deaths are 1,423,584 in men and 401,712 in women.Conclusion Significant sex and age disparities in the trends of stroke mortality among young and middle-aged adults were identified in China.Targeted health policy measures are needed to address the burden of stroke in the young generation,especially for rural men,with a focus on the prevention and management of high risk factors.

Influencing factors of fatigue in young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease:a cross-sectional study

Objective:To examine the present state of fatigue in young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease(CHD)and to identify the elements that may be affecting it.Methods:From December 2020 to June 2021,240 young and middle-aged patients with CHD who were being treated in the cardiology department of a tertiary care hospital in Suzhou were chosen using a convenience sampling method in order to gather data on the patients’sociodemographic status,fatigue,social support,and stress.Results:Of the 240 disseminated questionnaires,220 valid responses were returned,resulting in an effective recovery rate of 91.67%.The frequency of exhaustion was 51.8%,and the fatigue score was(5.27±2.77).The stress score was(11.15±3.36),while the overall social support score was(39.13±4.72).Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that age,exercise,staying up late,stress,social support,high-sensitivity troponin T,high-density lipoprotein,and ejection fraction were independent risk factors for fatigue in young and middle-aged patients with CHD(P<0.05).Conclusions:Fatigue is more prevalent in young and middle-aged patients with CHD.Clinical nurses can create a unique management plan for patients based on their lifestyle and behavioral patterns,stress levels,social support,and clinical signs to reduce fatigue.

Association of fatigue with short-term prognosis in young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease

Background:To investigate the effect of fatigue on the short-term prognosis of young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease(CHD).Methods:A cross-sectional,observational survey was distributed at a tertiary hospital in Suzhou,China.Patients were assessed for fatigue and their prognosis was assessed at 3 and 6 months after discharge.General Information Questionnaire,Fatigue Scale and Seattle Angina Questionnaire(SAQ)were used for the survey.The Cox proportional hazard model was used to analyze the impact of fatigue on the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events(MACEs)at 3 and 6 months after discharge.Multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the effect of fatigue on health-related quality of life(HRQoL)at 3 and 6 months after discharge.Results:199 patients were followed up with in the end.43 patients(21.6%)with MACE three months after discharge had a total SAQ score of(399.76±39.61).The overall SAQ score was(425.14±22.66)and 52 patients(26.1%)experienced MACE six months after discharge.Fatigue was identified as a risk factor for MACE 6 months after discharge by the Cox proportional hazard model(HR=2.939,95%CI:0.177~0.655,P=0.001)and as an independent risk factor for quality of life 3 and 6 months after discharge by multiple linear regression(P<0.001).Conclusions:In individuals who are young or middle-aged and have coronary heart disease,fatigue is a risk factor for the short-term prognosis.It is advised that clinical professionals prioritize patient fatigue assessment and improve management of fatigue symptoms.

Mortality from Stroke in Young People in Brazzaville

Introduction: Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are an absolute neurovascular emergency and the main cause of mortality and acquired disability in adults. In the Congo, stroke is the leading cause of mortality and the leading cardiovascular emergency, with a hospital frequency of between 49.74% and 56.2%. The aim of the study was to identify the mortality factors associated with stroke in young people in Brazzaville. Patients and Methods: This is a longitudinal analytical study conducted from February to period from February to September 2019 in the neurology, general intensive care and medical emergency departments of the Brazzaville University Hospital (CHUB). All subjects aged 18 - 55 years of completed age, admitted for arterial stroke confirmed by brain imaging, were included. Study variables were: age, gender, socioeconomic level, laterality, time to admission and CT scan, vascular risk factors, history of cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation, TIA (transient ischemic attack) or stroke, NIHSS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score, Glasgow score, blood pressure, temperature, heart rate, occurrence or non-occurrence of complications, blood glucose, creatinine, lipid profile and blood count. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software. Descriptive analyses were performed using SPSS 21 software. Results: 103 patients were included in the study, of whom 45 (43.7%) had ischemic stroke and 58 (56.3%) with hemorrhagic stroke. Mortality was high at 29.1% in our study, and mainly concerned hemorrhagic strokes (73.7%). Two-week mortality in our study accounted for 63.33% of total lethality. After simple logistic regression, the factors associated with death within two weeks were age between 40 - 44 years (OR (odds ratio) = 2.95;p = 0.01), hemorrhagic stroke (OR = 1.41;p = 0.07), mass effect (OR = 3.26;p < 0.01), ventricular flooding (OR = 2.86;p < 0.001), Glasgow score (OR = 2.95 (0.92 - 9.43);p = 0.06), NIHSS score on admission > 15 (OR = 5.89 (2.90 - 11.95);p < 0.001) and bronchopulmonary infection (OR = 30, 95 (4.04 - 236.88), p < 0.001). From multivariate logistic regression, only NIHSS score on admission > 15 emerged as a predictor of death within two weeks (OR = 5.89 (2.90 - 11.95);p Conclusion: This study confirms the basic data of the African literature concerning stroke, as several factors were identified as independent factors associated with mortality.

Factors associated with financial support in old age for young and middle-aged rural residents in China

This study examined the factors associated with financial support in old age from three primary mechanisms-personal savings,family support,and social insurance-to explore the implications for the future development of China's rural social welfare system.Cross-sectional surveys of 1392 young and middle-aged rural residents were conducted in July and August2012.The results showed that while social insurance was increasingly acceptable,personal savings and family support still had fundamental value.Combining the three mechanisms,the rural old-age welfare system presented nontraditional features.China's new rural endowment insurance is discussed as a means to address the need for financial support among the rural aging population.

Public Square Dancing Intervention on Subjective Well-Being of Middle-Aged and Elderly People:A Meta-Analysis

Objective:To understand the influence of public square dancing on the subjective well-being of middle-aged and elderly people.Methods:According to the principle of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses(PRISMA)guidelines,we search Chinese databases,such as CNKI,Wanfang Data,and VIP,and English databases,such as Proquest,Web of Science,Pubmed,Cochrane,and ScienceDirect,and collect relevant articles at home and abroad from 2006 to December 2019 for meta-analysis in January 2020.Result:A total of 10 articles were included.The meta-analysis results showed that the well-being of middle-aged and elderly people in the public square dancing intervention group was significantly higher than that of the other exercise group and control group(both P<0.01).The results of the subgroup analysis showed the following:Different durations of intervention significantly influence the intervention effect(P<0.01).No difference was found between the effect of the mixed-gender intervention and the individual female intervention(P>0.05).No significant difference was found between the groups with weekly intervention frequency(P>0.05).Conclusion:Public square dancing intervention is effective for middle-aged and elderly people’s subjective well-being.Neither mixed intervention nor the times of weekly intervention have an impact on the intervention effect.However,the length of duration of intervention influences the intervention effect.

Psychosocial Adaptation Level and Work Participation Rate of Young and Middle-aged Patients with Coronary Heart Disease after PCI

[Objectives]The research aimed to understand the psychosocial adjustment to illness of young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after PCI and their participation situation in work.[Methods]210 young and middle-aged patients aged 18-59 years with coronary heart disease treated by PCI in a tertiary hospital of Suzhou from July of 2020 to November of 2022 were selected,and general information of patients in three days after operation was registered.Self-report psychosocial adjustment to illness scale(PAIS-SR)was used to investigate the psychosocial adjustment to illness of patients in 1,3 and 6 months after operation and the participation rate of work.[Results]The psychosocial adjustment to illness of young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after PCI was different in gender,age,education level,marital status,hypertension,diabetes,postoperative cardiac color Doppler ultrasound results(left ventricular ejection fraction)and the number of stents(P<0.05).[Conclusions]The psychosocial adjustment to illness of young and middle-aged patients with coronary heart disease after PCI needs to be improved.The psychosocial adjustment to illness of men is higher than that of women.The older the age is,the lower the psychosocial adjustment to illness is.The psychosocial adjustment to illness of patients with high educational background is higher than those with low educational background,while the psychosocial adjustment to illness of married people is higher than unmarried people.The psychosocial adjustment to illness of patients with hypertension and/or diabetes is lower.

Correlation of blood uric acid level with the degree of anxiety as well as the neurotransmitter and cytokine secretion in young and middle-aged patients with anxiety disorder

Objective:To study the correlation of blood uric acid level with the degree of anxiety as well as the neurotransmitter and cytokine secretion in young and middle-aged patients with anxiety disorder.Methods: The young and middle-aged patients diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder in our hospital between March 2015 and February 2018 were selected as the anxiety group, and the healthy subjects receiving physical examination during the same period were selected as the control group. Peripheral blood was collected to determine the contents of uric acid, neurotransmitters and cytokines, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) was adopted to judge the degree of anxiety.Results: The blood uric acid level of anxiety group was obviously higher than that of control group and the higher the HAMA scores, the more significant the rising of blood uric acid levels;serum 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-17 and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) contents of anxiety group were significantly higher than those of control group whereas neuropeptide Y (NPY), IL-4 and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) contents were significantly lower than those of control group;blood uric acid level of the anxiety group was positively correlated with 5-HT, NE, DA, IL-1 , IL-17 and IFN-γ contents, and negatively correlated with NPY, IL-4 and TGF-β contents.Conclusion: The rise of blood uric acid level in young and middle-aged patients with anxiety disorder is related to the aggravation of anxiety degree as well as the abnormal secretion of neurotransmitters and cytokines.

Experience of Treating Hypertension from Liver and Spleen Among Middle-Aged and Young Patients:A Summary

Qi deficiency of the spleen and stomach,transportation,phlegm and dampness generate endogenous and turbid phlegm that violates the position of yang clearance.As a result,dizziness cis resulted.The author believes that the incidence of middle-aged and young patients with hypertension is mostly related to the dysfunction of liver and spleen.Liver depression and qi stagnation is the beginning of the onset;spleen deficiency and dyskinesia is the norm of the onset;and liver and spleen imbalance is the origin of the onset.It is advocated that regulating the liver and spleen to restore the rise and fall,harmonizing qi and blood and preventing lesions are the main treatment methods for the treatment of middle-aged and young people’s hypertension,which is conducive to the development of more clinical diagnosis and treatment ideas for hypertension amomg middle-aged and young people.

Epidemio-Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutive Aspects of Pulmonary Embolism in Young Subject in the Cardiology Department in Point “G” Hospital University Center Bamako

Objective: The purpose of this work was to determine the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary aspects of the pulmonary embolism of the young person in the cardiology department of the University Hospital Center (CHU) Point G in Bamako-Mali. Methodology: This was an analytical study from January 01, 2018 to December 31, 2018 in the CHU Point G cardiology department, including all patients hospitalized during this period. Results: Of 1379 hospitalized patients, 19 patients were concerned by pulmonary embolism of the young person. The prevalence of pulmonary embolism of the young person was 1.37%. The most affected age group was 21 - 30 (47.4%) of patients. The predominance was female (89.47%) with a gender ratio of 0.11 in favour of women. The average age in the series was 29.79 years with extremes of 16 years and 40 years. Factors predisposing to pulmonary embolism were dominated by peri partum, cardiomyopathy and obesity with 47.3%, 31.57% and 21.1%, respectively. The dominant signs were chest pain and dyspnea in 94.7% and 89.5% of cases respectively. Pulmonary embolism was unlikely in 60.52% according to the Geneva and Wells score simplified. At the thoracic angioscanner, the embolism was bilateral in 52.6% of cases and distal in 36.8% of patients;in 10 patients who performed cardiac ultrasound, pulmonary arterial hypertension (70%), dilation of the right ventricle (20%) and left ventricular dilation (40%). Hyper leucocytosis (47.4%), anemia and low prothrombin rate (TP) (22.2%) were the most found biological abnormalities. More than 2/3 (68.5%) our patients had an intermediate mortality risk according to the PESI (Pulmonary Embolism Severity Index) score. The average hospital stay was 10 days. Hospital mortality was 10.5%. Conclusion: The pulmonary embolism of the young person is a frequent, serious and multifactorial pathology and the female sex is most affected especially during peri partum periods, hence the need for preventive measures. Clinical signs are not specific and based on the assessment of clinical probability. Pulmonary angioscanner remains the confirmation review in our context.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia of del 17p in a Young Subject: About a Case and Reviewed a Literature

Objective: To report a case of Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia in a 28-year-old young subject, with variable clinical features and a TP53 mutation, diagnosed and followed up in the Onco-Hematology department of the HNN. Observation: 28-year-old patient, having consulted for polyadenopathy and physical asthenia, whose clinical examination found a conscious patient, submaxillary, laterocervical, axillary and inguinal lymphadenopathy, bilateral, symmetrical, painless and non-compressive whose largest measures 3 cm in diameter. Hepato-splenomegaly and epistaxis. Predominantly lymphocyte hyperleukocytosis, immunophenotyping revealed low CD19+, CD5+, CD23+, CD20 monoclonal B lymphoid proliferation. The Matutes score was 4. A karyotype showed a three-chromosome translocation;the short arm of a chromosome 2, the long arm of a chromosome 11 and the long arm of a chromosome 13, and a translocation between the long arm of a chromosome 6 and the long arm of a chromosome 18. A FISH objectified a led 17p. The diagnosis of Binet Stage C CLL with positive del 17p and complex karyotype was retained. Despite the poor prognosis, the R-C (Rituximab-Chlorambucil) protocol was instituted with once-weekly transfusions. The patient is still alive in partial clinical and biological remission. Conclusion: Despite therapeutic progress, the presence of the deletion of chromosome 17p with TP53 mutation and the young age of the patient does not change the patient’s prognosis.

Estimation of Glomerular Filtration Rate: Which Formula to Apply in G-Spot Subjects Aged 1 - 17 Years?

Introduction: Morbidity and mortality in paediatric practice is dominated in Africa by malaria, diarrhoeal diseases and acute respiratory infections. Aim: In order to evaluate the Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) with the formulas commonly used by medical laboratories, we proposed to undertake this study. Patients and Method: This was a descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study conducted at the PA and KA medical biology laboratory in Bamako Hamdalaye ACI 2000 in collaboration with the medical biology and hospital hygiene laboratory service at the Point G University Hospital. Results: During the study period, we recruited 360 subjects, 189 of whom were male (52.5%) and 171 female (47.5%). The mean age was 8.75 ± 4.8 years with extremes of 1 and 17 years. Subjects aged 15 to 17 years were the most numerous. The reference means GFR of the subjects according to age was with the SCHWARTZ formula 179.16 ± 50.47 with extremes of 173.93 and 184.39;with CKD-Epi 37.63 ± 11.25 with extremes of 36.46 and 38.79;with MAYO 107.87 ± 18.11 with extremes of 105.99 and 109.75 and MDRD 350.83 ± 251.15 with extremes of 324.79 and 376.86. Conclusion: The Mayo formula showed a better distribution around the mean than other formulas for estimating the glomerular filtration rate.

Atypical Coarctation of the Aorta Revealed by Arterial Hypertension in a 22-Year-Old Young Man

Non-isthmic coarctation of the aorta is a rare congenital malformation in adults. Arterial hypertension is a frequent circumstance of discovery. We reported the case of a 22-year-old Guinean man who had been followed for 5 years for hypertension. Clinically, he presented with hypertension of the upper limbs with a systolic pressure gradient of 100 mmHg. The diagnosis was confirmed by thoracic angioscan, which showed a 65.8% coarctation of the abdominal aorta. He was on triple antihypertensive therapy combining Atenolol 100 mg, Amlodipine 10 mg and Perindopril 10 mg. He is awaiting interventional treatment. His blood pressure is stable at around 140/90 mmHg.

Ischemic Stroke Revealing Infective Endocarditis in a Young Subject: About a Clinical Case

Introduction: Neurological complications are possible during infective endocarditis. They are often life-threatening and can be a source of sequelae. Case Presentation: We report the case of an 11-year-old patient admitted to the cardiology department of the CHU-ME “LUXEMBOURG” in Bamako for functional impotence of the left hemibody, accompanied by fever and NYHA stage II dyspnea. The clinical examination on admission shows the poor general condition, normal consciousness, and sensory-motor deficit of the pyramidal type of the left hemibody. The cardiovascular examination notes a systolic murmur at the mitral focus, hepato-jugular reflux, hepatomegaly, and slight edema in the lower limbs. Brain CT showed localized hypodensity in favor of an ischemic stroke. The electrocardiogram shows a sinus rhythm. Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography revealed mitral insufficiency with vegetation of 17 × 14 mm on the anterior mitral valve, with left ventricular ejection fraction estimated at 75%. Dual antibiotic therapy associated with conventional treatment for heart failure was initiated. The clinical evolution was marked by the persistence of the deficit of the left upper limb, the cardiac Doppler echography of control after 6 weeks of treatment found the same vegetation. A discussion with the heart team with a view to a surgical cure has been initiated for the rest of the treatment. Conclusion: A motor deficit associated with fever related to an ischemic vascular accident should lead to a search for infective endocarditis on cardiac Doppler ultrasound.

社会网络对中青年群体养老责任认同的影响研究——基于CGSS 2018年数据的检验

从人口代际更迭的角度看,我国目前的中青年群体步入老年阶段后将面临重度老龄化和高龄老龄化并存的养老困境,亟须通过前瞻性制度规划和资源准备避免养老压力的代际叠加。由于认知是意愿形成和行为选择的前提与基础,中青年群体对养老责任归属的态度直接关系未来规模庞大的老年人口的养老方式,厘清其对养老责任主体的倾向与偏好可以在一定程度上预判未来潜在的养老需求,从而在养老资源总量不足、结构不均的情况下实现“有备而老”的积极老龄化目标。同时,我国是典型的人情关系社会,人们往往会借助血缘、亲缘、地缘等社会关系网络及相应资源降低养老活动的运行成本,尤其在家庭养老功能日趋萎缩的背景下,社会网络正在成为个体应对养老风险的重要支持力量,以互联网为代表的新型社交形式日益普及,也为保障老年福祉提供了新的可能。但目前学界相关研究对中青年群体和社会网络因素关注不足,仍然存在研究内容和研究维度上的缺位。基于此,本研究使用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,分析我国中青年养老责任认同的变迁趋势,采用无序多分类Logistic回归模型探究社会网络各因素对中青年养老责任认同的作用机制,并以倾向得分匹配法(PSM)对结果进行稳健性检验。研究发现:在家庭赡养功能持续弱化的宏观背景下,传统的代际责任伦理在我国中青年群体中仍具有相当强的生命力,同时其对社会养老机制和自我养老机制的接受度逐渐提高。而社会关系网络能够发挥非正式保险的效用,对正式养老制度形成补充,进而降低社会风险对家庭的冲击。其中,以朋友交往为代表的强关系对子女养老发挥强有力的替代作用,弱关系网络主要具有补充功能,说明群体信任更强的强关系网络具备弱关系无法比拟的养老资源优势。而互联网作为社会网络中交往行为和互动关系的新表征形态,通过信息传递与政策普及,增强互助养老意识,社会信任则代表个体获取社会关系网络中信息与资源的能力,通过建构社会资本,弱化人们对子女和家庭养老的依赖。因此,以社会支持网络对现有养老实践作出补充,或将在有限养老资源的约束下缓解我国持续加剧的养老压力。

女性生理内裤优化设计与压力舒适性评价

以市售女性三角款生理内裤为基础进行优化设计,选取10名体态正常、穿着165/72A号型内裤的在校女大学生进行着装试验。使用柔性薄膜压力传感器测试系统测得受试者在站立、坐直、全奠这3种日常姿势下各部位的压力值,并进行主观压力舒适性评价,采用CLO3D软件进行内裤虚拟试穿以及压力分布模拟,通过主观评价、客观压力测试以及CLO3D压力模拟验证生理内裤优化效果。通过SPSS软件进行主客观评价数据分析与模型建立,探究影响生理内裤穿着舒适性的关键因素。结果表明:优化后的生理内裤主观舒适度评分更高,内裤对下体的压力分布均匀,整体穿着舒适感更佳。