Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common type of birth defect,representing a significant cause of peri-natal morbidity and mortality.Early diagnosis of such anomalies is crucial for improving outcomes.Current p...Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common type of birth defect,representing a significant cause of peri-natal morbidity and mortality.Early diagnosis of such anomalies is crucial for improving outcomes.Current pro-tocols recommend a qualitative assessment of cardiac structures using two-dimensional ultrasound(2DUS)and color Doppler imaging.In cases of suspected abnormalities,quantitative assessments through cardiac structure measurements and reference curves can aid in accurate diagnosis.Similar to centiles widely employed in obste-trics,Z-scores provide more precise quantification of various cardiac structures,particularly at the extremes of the curve.While the development of reference curves and Z-scores has progressed over the past two decades,a lack of standardization in measurements and statistical methodology for their determination is evident.Establishing reference curves requires adherence to specific recommendations to improve their accuracy.The purpose of this study is to provide a narrative review of the major studies that have generated reference values for cardiac struc-tures using 2DUS and Z-scores,to evaluate their methodology,and to provide a summary of the results.展开更多
近年来,随着科技的发展,科技企业迅速发展壮大,但复杂的内外部环境使得科技企业在经营过程中面临诸多风险。为了我国科技上市公司健康、持续发展的目标,需对其进行财务危机预警研究。本文利用SPSS软件对400家科技上市公司的21个财务指...近年来,随着科技的发展,科技企业迅速发展壮大,但复杂的内外部环境使得科技企业在经营过程中面临诸多风险。为了我国科技上市公司健康、持续发展的目标,需对其进行财务危机预警研究。本文利用SPSS软件对400家科技上市公司的21个财务指标变量进行筛选,确定模型变量和判别系数,建立科技上市公司修正的Z-Score预警模型,运用建模样本、检验样本对所建模型的适用性进行检验,可以发现,该模型对我国科技上市公司财务危机的发生具有比较好的警示作用。In recent years, with the development of technology, technology companies have grown rapidly. However, the complex internal and external environment has led to numerous risks for these companies in their operations. In order to achieve the goal of healthy and sustainable development for our country’s technology listed companies, it is necessary to conduct research on financial crisis warning. This article utilizes SPSS software to screen 21 financial indicator variables of 400 technology listed companies, determine model variables and discriminatory factors, and establish a modified Z-Score warning model for technology listed companies. The applicability of the model is tested using modeling and testing samples, and it is found that the model has a good warning effect on the occurrence of financial crises in China’s technology listed companies.展开更多
The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycle...The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.展开更多
文摘Congenital heart disease(CHD)is the most common type of birth defect,representing a significant cause of peri-natal morbidity and mortality.Early diagnosis of such anomalies is crucial for improving outcomes.Current pro-tocols recommend a qualitative assessment of cardiac structures using two-dimensional ultrasound(2DUS)and color Doppler imaging.In cases of suspected abnormalities,quantitative assessments through cardiac structure measurements and reference curves can aid in accurate diagnosis.Similar to centiles widely employed in obste-trics,Z-scores provide more precise quantification of various cardiac structures,particularly at the extremes of the curve.While the development of reference curves and Z-scores has progressed over the past two decades,a lack of standardization in measurements and statistical methodology for their determination is evident.Establishing reference curves requires adherence to specific recommendations to improve their accuracy.The purpose of this study is to provide a narrative review of the major studies that have generated reference values for cardiac struc-tures using 2DUS and Z-scores,to evaluate their methodology,and to provide a summary of the results.
文摘近年来,随着科技的发展,科技企业迅速发展壮大,但复杂的内外部环境使得科技企业在经营过程中面临诸多风险。为了我国科技上市公司健康、持续发展的目标,需对其进行财务危机预警研究。本文利用SPSS软件对400家科技上市公司的21个财务指标变量进行筛选,确定模型变量和判别系数,建立科技上市公司修正的Z-Score预警模型,运用建模样本、检验样本对所建模型的适用性进行检验,可以发现,该模型对我国科技上市公司财务危机的发生具有比较好的警示作用。In recent years, with the development of technology, technology companies have grown rapidly. However, the complex internal and external environment has led to numerous risks for these companies in their operations. In order to achieve the goal of healthy and sustainable development for our country’s technology listed companies, it is necessary to conduct research on financial crisis warning. This article utilizes SPSS software to screen 21 financial indicator variables of 400 technology listed companies, determine model variables and discriminatory factors, and establish a modified Z-Score warning model for technology listed companies. The applicability of the model is tested using modeling and testing samples, and it is found that the model has a good warning effect on the occurrence of financial crises in China’s technology listed companies.
基金The authors are grateful for support from the National Social Science Fund of China(21AJL015).
文摘The Rural Minimum Living Standard Guarantee(Rural Dibao)is an important unconditional cash transfer program to alleviate poverty in rural China.Despite the importance of children’s nutrition in breaking poverty cycles,little is known about the impact of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes.Using China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),this paper examines the effects of Rural Dibao on child nutrition outcomes and investigates potential pathways and heterogeneous effects.We exploit propensity score matching and difference-in-differences techniques to evaluate the effects of the Rural Dibao program on child nutrition outcomes.Our results suggest that Rural Dibao significantly impacts the nutrition outcomes of children up to 15 years of age.Specifically,our results suggest that Rural Dibao improves child height-to-age z-scores by 1.05 standard deviations and lowers the probability of stunting by 11.9 percentage points.Additional analyses suggest that increased protein intake is the main pathway through which Rural Dibao participation contributes to better nutrition outcomes.We also find that the effect of the program is more pronounced among girls,children who are non-left-behind or live with highly educated mothers,and those from low-income families and poor areas.Our findings suggest that Rural Dibao participation helps improve child nutrition outcomes through improving diet quality.
