Z-shaped incision without epithelial resection in pterygium surgery

AIM:To introduce a novel surgical technique using a Z-shaped incision without epithelial resection in ophthalmic pterygia.METHODS:This was a prospective study.During pterygium surgery,all proliferative tissues were separated from the cornea and conjunctiva without resection of the tissues.The unaffected conjunctiva was incised in a Z-shape.The upper(or lower)conjunctival flap was sutured to the lower(or upper)normal conjunctiva on the limbal sclera,while the proliferative tissue was sutured to the upper conjunctiva(or lower)near the fornix.RESULTS:Ten patients with pterygia were eligible for this study.Eight patients with primary pterygia and 2 with recurrent pterygia were included.The age of patients at surgery ranged from 47 to 90y(average:71.9y).Five patients each showed right and left-sided pterygia.The postoperative follow-up periods were from 8 to 78mo(average:25.0mo).The surgery was successfully conducted and wounds were favorably reconstructed in all patients.The proliferative tissues sutured to the normal conjunctiva showed palor and attenuated neovessles,and never showed re-growth after surgery.Nine patients did not show recerrence.Recerrent pterygium was noted in 1 patient,but additional treatments were not required.CONCLUSION:The procedure involves the reconstruction of pterygial tissue and normal conjunctiva using a Z-shaped incision.The scleral limbal wound can be covered with nonaffected conjunctiva without any excision of conjunctival epithelia in patients with primary or recurrent pterygia.

Outcome Assessment of Z-shaped Osteotomy in the Management of Humeral Shaft Nonunion Secondary to Failed Plate Osteosynthesis

Restoration of fracture alignment by osteotomy is crucial for the management of humeral nonunion. In the present study, we introduced a new way of osteotomy (Z-shaped) in treating humeral shaft nonunion secondary to failed plate osteosynthesis. Clinical data of 24 patients with humeral shaft nonunion following implant failure (from 2010 to 2014) were retrospectively evaluated. These patients underwent Z-shaped osteotomy in revision surgery after the initial surgery, plate osteosynthesis, was failed. Outcomes were evaluated using visual analogue scale (VAS) and Constant and Murley score. Repeated analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical analysis. Patients were followed up for a minimum of 24 months (26.83±4.33 months). The operative time was 102.33±10.16 min, and hospital stay averaged 9.75±2.13 days. All patients achieved clinical union at the latest follow-up. Complications included radial palsy (n=1) and superficial wound infection (n=1). The postoperative VAS scores decreased significantly compared to preoperative score (F=257.99, P<0.01). Constant and Murley score increased and reached 81.33±0.95 at 24 months' follow-up 0=247.35, P<0.01). Among all the cases, 15 cases were graded as "excellent", and 9 as "good". In conclusion, Z-shaped osteotomy was easy to perform, and it provided additional medial support with more bone contact areas. Revision surgery using locking plate and Z-shaped osteotomy achieved high union rate and improved functional outcome. It was a reasonable and safe option for treating humeral nonunion following implant failure.

Quantum transport through a Z-shaped silicene nanoribbon

In this work,the electronic transport properties of Z-shaped silicene nanoribbon（ZsSiNR） structure are investigated.The calculations are based on the tight-binding model and Green＇s function method in Landauer-Biittiker formalism,in which the electronic density of states（DOS）,transmission probability,and current-voltage characteristics of the system are calculated,numerically.It is shown that the geometry of the ZsSiNR structure can play an important role to control the electron transport through the system.It is observed that the intensity of electron localization at the edges of the ZsSiNR decreases with the increase of the spin-orbit interaction（SOI） strength.Also,the semiconductor to metallic transition occurs by increasing the SOI strength.The present theoretical results may be useful to design silicene-based devices in nanoelectronics.

Effects of a bar on optical transmission through Z-shaped metallic slit arrays

We investigate the effects of a bar on optical transmission through Z-shaped metallic slit arrays by using the finite- difference time domain （FDTD） method. A new hybrid Fabry-Perot （FP） surface plasmon polariton （SPP） mode emerges when changing the geometric parameters of the bar, and this mode can be viewed as a coupling between FP mode and SPP mode. In addition, an obvious dip appears in a featured area when the bar deviates from the central line, and a small displacement of the bar leads to tremendous change of the dip. These behaviors can be attributed to the phase resonance. In short, the structure is very sensitive to the metal bar. Furthermore, it combines photonic device miniaturization with sensitivity, which is useful for making optical switches.

Four novel Z-shaped hexanuclear vanadium oxide clusters as efficient heterogeneous catalysts for cycloaddition of CO_(2) and oxidative desulfurization reactions

Chemical fixation of CO_(2)into C1 source, as a general approach, can effectively alleviate the emission of greenhouse gasses. Whereas, the challenge posed by the need for efficient catalysts with high catalytic active sites still exists. In this work, we reported a series of new hexavanadate clusters, [(C6H6ON)2(C2H8N2)2(CH3O)6VIV6O8](V6–1), [(C6H6ON)2(C3H10N2)2(CH3O)6VIV6O8](V6–2), [(C6H6ON)2(C6H14N2)2(CH3O)6VIV6O8](V6–3) and [(C6H6ON)2(C4H11N2O)2(CH3O)4VIV6O8](V6–4), assembled by 2-aminophenol and four different kinds of Lewis bases(LB), ethanediamine(en), 1,2-diaminopropane, 1,2-cyclohexanediamine and N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine(ben) together. Among them, the basic unit {V6} cluster featured Z-shaped configuration represents a brand-new example of hexanuclear vanadium clusters. Remarkably, the catalytic tests demonstrated that V6–1 as catalyst displays high catalytic activity in the cycloaddition for the CO_(2)fixation into cyclic carbonates by virtue of open V sites. As expected, for oxidative desulfurization of sulfides, V6–1 also exhibits satisfied catalytic effectiveness. Furthermore, the recycling test confirmed that catalyst V6–1 may be a bifunctional heterogeneous catalyst with great promise for both CO_(2)cycloaddition and oxidative desulfurization reactions.

Fluid-structure interaction in Z-shaped pipe with different supports

Fluid-structure interaction(FSI)has a strong relation with layout of fluid delivery system.FSI is liable to cause local damage.Thus,FSI analysis is necessary in many cases,especially for flexible pipe systems.FSI modeling consists of eight governing equations and then completely solved via the finite volume method(FVM).Friction,Poisson and joint couplings were discussed in detail to reveal the influence of a Z-shaped pipe with different supports and elbows on FSI.After the feasibility of solving FSI by FVM was verified,the different effects of free,fixed and elastic supports on FSI in the commonly used and simplified Z-shaped pipe were further analyzed.Results indicated that different support stiffness lead to various FSI responses.If coupling occurs at the elbow and less support is considered,then the pipe has a relatively large amplitude and complex pressure fluctuation.

Design of multi-channel terahertz beam splitter based on Z-shaped metasurface

A reflective beam splitter is proposed and verified. The unit cell of the beam splitter is composed of a metal pattern, a dielectric substrate, and a metallic ground. Each subarray structure of the device is composed of four unit cells, which are gradually rotated at 45°. The horizontal and vertical subarrays form a 4×4 gradient metasurface supercell. In the operating frequency band, the incident linearly polarized terahertz wave is reflected and divided into four beams of approximately equal power but different propagation directions. The proposed terahertz beam splitter based on metasurface has the advantages of small size, low cost and easy processing, and can be applied to terahertz stealth and imaging.

Research on the Application of Green Lighting Technology in Sports Lighting

With China’s continued development of society and economy, the importance of ecological environmental protection is growing. This protection has become an indispensable part of social development. The use of various green environmental protection equipment can effectively promote ecological environmental protection and reduce the adverse effects of human activities on the environment. In the field of sports lighting equipment in China, traditional lighting methods constitute an inherent danger to the environment, leading to a waste of valuable resources and environmental pollution. This study involves a multi-tile-multifunctional-function controller, which effectively solves the control problem of the control light. In the sports lighting group, the high and low-level lighting of the sports lighting group, and adjust the light from the height highly effectively to adjust each height. The low-shot mode reduces the power consumption of the system by about 33% to 60%, which significantly helps energy saving. By optimizing the performance of the lighting system, promoting the preservation of power resources, reducing the adverse effects of pollution caused by equipment utilization and energy waste, and promoting the harmonious cohabitation of human and natural environment. .

Capillary Electrophoresis for the Simultaneous Determination of Metals by Using Ethylenediamine Tetraacetic Acid as Complexing Agent and Vancomycin as Complex Selector

A new separation system of capillary electrophoresis for the simultaneous determination of metals by using ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid （EDTA） as complexing agent and employing vancomycin as complex selector was described. The Z-shape cell capillary electrophoresis was used to enhance the sensitivity for the determination of the complexes of Cu（Ⅱ）, Ni（Ⅱ）, Co（Ⅱ） and Fe（Ⅲ） with EDTA. The partial filling method （co-current mode） was used in order to increase the selectivity of the electrophoretic method, meanwhile vancomycin was not present at the detector path during the detection of metal-EDTA complexes. The vancomycin concentration, phosphate concentration and pH of the buffer strongly influenced mobility, resolution and selectivity of the studied analytes. Under the optimal condition, the relative standard deviations （n=5） of the migration time and the peak area were less than 3.14% and 7.35%, respectively. Application of the Z-shape cell capillary electrophoresis method with UV detection and vancomycin loading led to the reliable determination of these metal ions in tap water and the recoveries were 97%-101%. The detection limits based on a signal to noise ratio of 3 ： 1 were found in the range of 2-10 μg·L^-1.