对Brachyspira asperella Yu et Zhang的40个个体的测量统计表明,此种在生长发育过程中可以区分出3个生长阶段:幼年期壳体生长速度缓慢,壳形卵圆形,胎壳乳突状,壳口圆形;成年期生长迅速,壳高显著大于壳宽的增长率,壳形卵圆形-长卵圆形,...对Brachyspira asperella Yu et Zhang的40个个体的测量统计表明,此种在生长发育过程中可以区分出3个生长阶段:幼年期壳体生长速度缓慢,壳形卵圆形,胎壳乳突状,壳口圆形;成年期生长迅速,壳高显著大于壳宽的增长率,壳形卵圆形-长卵圆形,壳口卵圆形;老年期生长速度缓慢,壳形长卵圆形,壳饰强烈。这3个生长期代表了此种的个体发育过程。研究化石腹足类种的个体发育过程不仅能了解这一类群的系统发生史、生物演化过程及生物间的亲缘关系,而且能提高物种研究程度,避免分类上的错误。展开更多
Zhang Yifan is the son of gardening Master Zhang Nanyuan, and his story can only be found in Qi Biaojia's Diary. Qi recorded his communications with Zhang Yifan and Zhang's transformation over Yu Garden in det...Zhang Yifan is the son of gardening Master Zhang Nanyuan, and his story can only be found in Qi Biaojia's Diary. Qi recorded his communications with Zhang Yifan and Zhang's transformation over Yu Garden in detail, thus the diary shows high documentation value. Zhang's transformation over Yu Garden was important for others exploring and understanding the contents, style, and construction period of Zhangs' rockery gardening, and also for spreading Zhangs' style in Yuezhong(the present Shaoxing City, and Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou, including 8 counties of the former Shaoxing Prefecture). This paper summarized and verified the characteristics, contents and construction period of Zhangs' rockery gardening by analyzing the study case, and elaborated the spreading and development of Zhangs' gardening style in Yuezhong.展开更多
为阐明苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai Bonnefoi et de Barjac)和中华甲虫蒲螨(Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu,Zhang and He)分别对冷杉梢斑螟(Dioryctria abietella)老熟幼虫的杀虫效果及对酶活性的影响,以...为阐明苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai Bonnefoi et de Barjac)和中华甲虫蒲螨(Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu,Zhang and He)分别对冷杉梢斑螟(Dioryctria abietella)老熟幼虫的杀虫效果及对酶活性的影响,以冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫为研究对象,分别采用不同菌浓度苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种浸泡的饲料饲喂冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫,和接入不同数量中华甲虫蒲螨到冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫上,测定两者分别对梢斑螟死亡率以及相应酶活性影响。结果表明:苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种作用于冷杉梢斑螟致死率高达100%,致死中浓度为6584.065菌落/mL。冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫在取食不同菌浓度苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种后,对解毒酶乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶均有激活作用;对羧酸酯酶有抑制作用;过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶随苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种菌浓度的升高以及作用时间的延长,表现出逐渐抑制的作用。中华甲虫蒲螨寄生冷杉梢斑螟,致死率高达90%,半数致死数量为27.454头。中华甲虫蒲螨处理对乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶均有激活作用;虫螨数量比为1∶20、1∶30、1∶40、1∶50时,冷杉梢斑螟幼虫过氧化氢酶表现出抑制-激活-抑制的作用,虫螨数量比为1∶60时,表现为全部抑制作用;对羧酸酯酶和过氧化物酶多表现出抑制作用,虫螨数量比为1∶20、1∶30时,表现出抑制-激活的作用,虫螨数量比为1∶40、1∶50、1∶60时,表现出抑制的作用。苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种和中华甲虫蒲螨主要通过释放毒素来扰乱冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫保护解毒酶系动态平衡,干扰幼虫的正常生理代谢,从而起到毒杀冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫的作用。展开更多
文摘对Brachyspira asperella Yu et Zhang的40个个体的测量统计表明,此种在生长发育过程中可以区分出3个生长阶段:幼年期壳体生长速度缓慢,壳形卵圆形,胎壳乳突状,壳口圆形;成年期生长迅速,壳高显著大于壳宽的增长率,壳形卵圆形-长卵圆形,壳口卵圆形;老年期生长速度缓慢,壳形长卵圆形,壳饰强烈。这3个生长期代表了此种的个体发育过程。研究化石腹足类种的个体发育过程不仅能了解这一类群的系统发生史、生物演化过程及生物间的亲缘关系,而且能提高物种研究程度,避免分类上的错误。
基金Sponsored by 2017 Scientific Research Fund of Beijing Department of EducationYuyou Youth Project of North China University of Technology in 2018(18XN012-025)
文摘Zhang Yifan is the son of gardening Master Zhang Nanyuan, and his story can only be found in Qi Biaojia's Diary. Qi recorded his communications with Zhang Yifan and Zhang's transformation over Yu Garden in detail, thus the diary shows high documentation value. Zhang's transformation over Yu Garden was important for others exploring and understanding the contents, style, and construction period of Zhangs' rockery gardening, and also for spreading Zhangs' style in Yuezhong(the present Shaoxing City, and Xiaoshan District of Hangzhou, including 8 counties of the former Shaoxing Prefecture). This paper summarized and verified the characteristics, contents and construction period of Zhangs' rockery gardening by analyzing the study case, and elaborated the spreading and development of Zhangs' gardening style in Yuezhong.
文摘为阐明苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subsp.Aizawai Bonnefoi et de Barjac)和中华甲虫蒲螨(Pyemotes zhonghuajia Yu,Zhang and He)分别对冷杉梢斑螟(Dioryctria abietella)老熟幼虫的杀虫效果及对酶活性的影响,以冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫为研究对象,分别采用不同菌浓度苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种浸泡的饲料饲喂冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫,和接入不同数量中华甲虫蒲螨到冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫上,测定两者分别对梢斑螟死亡率以及相应酶活性影响。结果表明:苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种作用于冷杉梢斑螟致死率高达100%,致死中浓度为6584.065菌落/mL。冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫在取食不同菌浓度苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种后,对解毒酶乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶均有激活作用;对羧酸酯酶有抑制作用;过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶随苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种菌浓度的升高以及作用时间的延长,表现出逐渐抑制的作用。中华甲虫蒲螨寄生冷杉梢斑螟,致死率高达90%,半数致死数量为27.454头。中华甲虫蒲螨处理对乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶均有激活作用;虫螨数量比为1∶20、1∶30、1∶40、1∶50时,冷杉梢斑螟幼虫过氧化氢酶表现出抑制-激活-抑制的作用,虫螨数量比为1∶60时,表现为全部抑制作用;对羧酸酯酶和过氧化物酶多表现出抑制作用,虫螨数量比为1∶20、1∶30时,表现出抑制-激活的作用,虫螨数量比为1∶40、1∶50、1∶60时,表现出抑制的作用。苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种和中华甲虫蒲螨主要通过释放毒素来扰乱冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫保护解毒酶系动态平衡,干扰幼虫的正常生理代谢,从而起到毒杀冷杉梢斑螟老熟幼虫的作用。
