该文提出一种基于双辅助网络(dual auxiliary network,DAN)的宽软开关范围周波变换类型的高频链逆变(cycloconverter-type high frequency link inverter,CHFLI)电路,简称DAN-CHFLI电路。原边侧采用对称型无源辅助网络(passive auxiliar...该文提出一种基于双辅助网络(dual auxiliary network,DAN)的宽软开关范围周波变换类型的高频链逆变(cycloconverter-type high frequency link inverter,CHFLI)电路,简称DAN-CHFLI电路。原边侧采用对称型无源辅助网络(passive auxiliary network,PAN)解决了传统CHFLI电路在空载、轻载及输出电压较小时原边侧开关管无法实现软开关的问题,拓宽了软开关范围,保证了其在任意负载条件下的零电压导通(zero voltage switching,ZVS)。副边侧有源辅助网络(active auxiliary network,AAN)由钳位电容和H桥组成,可以解决漏感与开关管寄生电容谐振造成的电压振荡问题,并辅助周波变换器换流。针对AAN电路,提出一种移相钳位策略:AAN开关管与原边开关管类似,也采用固定占空比方波信号移相调制;且相比原边开关管,AAN开关管延迟导通以实现软开关。文中详细分析了DAN-CHFLI拓扑结构、换流过程、PAN和AAN工作原理及开关管的软开关特性,并设计实验样机验证了理论分析的正确性。展开更多
Fertilizer-intensive agriculture is a leading source of reactive nitrogen(Nr)emissions that damage climate,air quality,and human health.Biochar has long been studied as a soil amendment,but its influence on Nr emissio...Fertilizer-intensive agriculture is a leading source of reactive nitrogen(Nr)emissions that damage climate,air quality,and human health.Biochar has long been studied as a soil amendment,but its influence on Nr emissions remains insufficiently characterized.More recently,the pyrolysis of light hydrocarbons has been suggested as a source of hydrogen fuel,resulting in a solid zero-valent carbon(ZVC)byproduct whose impact on soil emissions has yet to be tested.We incorporate carbon amendment algorithms into an agroecosystem model to simulate emission changes in the year following the application of biochar or ZVC to the US.fertilized soils.Our simulations predicted that the impacts of biochar amendments on Nr emissions would vary widely(−17%to+27%under 5 ton ha^(−1) applications,−38%to+18%under 20 ton ha^(−1) applications)and depend mostly on how nitrification is affected.Low-dose biochar application(5 ton ha^(−1))stimulated emissions of all three nitrogen species in 75%of simulated agricultural areas,while high-dose applications(20 ton ha^(−1))mitigated emissions in 76%of simulated areas.Applying zero-valent carbon at 20 ton ha^(−1) exhibited similar effects on nitrogen emissions as biochar applications at 5 ton ha^(−1).Biochar amendments are most likely to mitigate emissions if applied at high rates in acidic soils(pH<5.84)with low organic carbon(<55.9 kg C ha^(−1))and inorganic nitrogen(<101.5 kg N ha^(−1))content.Our simulations could inform where the application of carbon amendments would most likely mitigate Nr emissions and their associated adverse impacts.展开更多
文摘该文提出一种基于双辅助网络(dual auxiliary network,DAN)的宽软开关范围周波变换类型的高频链逆变(cycloconverter-type high frequency link inverter,CHFLI)电路,简称DAN-CHFLI电路。原边侧采用对称型无源辅助网络(passive auxiliary network,PAN)解决了传统CHFLI电路在空载、轻载及输出电压较小时原边侧开关管无法实现软开关的问题,拓宽了软开关范围,保证了其在任意负载条件下的零电压导通(zero voltage switching,ZVS)。副边侧有源辅助网络(active auxiliary network,AAN)由钳位电容和H桥组成,可以解决漏感与开关管寄生电容谐振造成的电压振荡问题,并辅助周波变换器换流。针对AAN电路,提出一种移相钳位策略:AAN开关管与原边开关管类似,也采用固定占空比方波信号移相调制;且相比原边开关管,AAN开关管延迟导通以实现软开关。文中详细分析了DAN-CHFLI拓扑结构、换流过程、PAN和AAN工作原理及开关管的软开关特性,并设计实验样机验证了理论分析的正确性。
基金The Carbon Hub at Rice University provided funding for this study.
文摘Fertilizer-intensive agriculture is a leading source of reactive nitrogen(Nr)emissions that damage climate,air quality,and human health.Biochar has long been studied as a soil amendment,but its influence on Nr emissions remains insufficiently characterized.More recently,the pyrolysis of light hydrocarbons has been suggested as a source of hydrogen fuel,resulting in a solid zero-valent carbon(ZVC)byproduct whose impact on soil emissions has yet to be tested.We incorporate carbon amendment algorithms into an agroecosystem model to simulate emission changes in the year following the application of biochar or ZVC to the US.fertilized soils.Our simulations predicted that the impacts of biochar amendments on Nr emissions would vary widely(−17%to+27%under 5 ton ha^(−1) applications,−38%to+18%under 20 ton ha^(−1) applications)and depend mostly on how nitrification is affected.Low-dose biochar application(5 ton ha^(−1))stimulated emissions of all three nitrogen species in 75%of simulated agricultural areas,while high-dose applications(20 ton ha^(−1))mitigated emissions in 76%of simulated areas.Applying zero-valent carbon at 20 ton ha^(−1) exhibited similar effects on nitrogen emissions as biochar applications at 5 ton ha^(−1).Biochar amendments are most likely to mitigate emissions if applied at high rates in acidic soils(pH<5.84)with low organic carbon(<55.9 kg C ha^(−1))and inorganic nitrogen(<101.5 kg N ha^(−1))content.Our simulations could inform where the application of carbon amendments would most likely mitigate Nr emissions and their associated adverse impacts.
