A Pharmacological Study on Action Mechanism of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction from Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases in Treating Sleep Disorders

[Objectives]To explore the molecular mechanism of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction(ZZGJD)regulating sleep disorders based on the network pharmacology.[Methods]The BATMAN-TCM server was used to predict the potential targets of ZZGJD and constructed a compound-disease-target network map,and the GeneCards database was used to search for insomnia-related targets;with the aid of Cytoscape 3.5.1 software,the compound-insomnia target interaction network and protein-protein interaction(PPI)network were constructed,and gene ontology(GO)enrichment,Reactome pathway enrichment,and biological pathway enrichment analysis based on KEGG(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Enomes)was performed.[Results]The constructed PPI network of ZZGJD involves 204 nodes and 645 interaction relationships.Key nodes involve G protein-coupled receptors,rhodopsin-like adrenaline receptor families,zinc finger proteins,nuclear hormone receptor superfamilies,ligand-binding domains of hormone receptors,voltage-gated calcium(Ca^(2+))channel IQ domains,and neuropituitary hormones.The related entries of GO enrichment analysis pathway mainly involve G protein-coupled receptor activity,neurotransmitter receptor activity,adrenergic receptor activity,ammonium ion binding,catecholamine binding,G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity,serotonin receptor activity,and steroid hormone receptors(SHRs)activity.Reactome pathway mainly involves amine ligand binding receptors,rhodopsin-like receptors,G protein-coupled receptor ligand binding,adrenergic receptors,neuronal systems and signal transduction,etc.KEGG channel analysis mainly involves neural activity ligand-receptor interaction,calcium ion messenger pathway,cAMP signaling pathway,serotonergic synapse,dopaminergic synapse,cGMP-PKG signaling pathway,and cholinergic synapse pathway,etc.[Conclusions]The potential targets of ZZGJD in the treatment of insomnia mainly involve G protein-coupled receptors,and regulate various neural receptor pathways such as calcium ion channels,serotonin,dopamine,and adrenergic receptors.INS,IGF-1,CTNNB1,ESR1,HIF-1A,etc.may be the key targets of ZZGJD in regulating sleep disorders,reflecting the multi-target and overall function characteristics of Chinese herbal compounds.ZZGJD is of great significance in the treatment of sleep disorders caused by blood sugar abnormality in patients with diabetes and perimenopausal hormones in women.This article is expected to It provide new ideas for in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of ZZGJD.

Molecular Mechanism of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction in Regulating Liver Cirrhosis Based on BATMAN-TCM Platform

[Objectives]To explore the molecular mechanism of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction in the treatment of liver cirrhosis based on the network pharmacology.[Methods]The BATMAN-TCM server was used to predict the potential targets of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction,and the GeneCards database searched for targets related to liver cirrhosis;Cytoscape 3.5.1 software was used to construct compound-cirrhosis target interaction network and protein interaction network;then gene ontology(GO)enrichment analysis,Reactome pathway enrichment analysis,and KEGG-based biological pathway enrichment analysis were performed.[Results]The compound-disease-target network of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction was constructed.The PPI network of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction targets constructed based on String contained 130 nodes and 689 interaction relationships.The key nodes mainly involved nuclear hormone receptor-like domain superfamily and ligand binding domain,serpentine type 7TM GPCR chemoreceptor and chemoreceptor Srx,rhodopsin family transmembrane receptors,zinc finger NHR/GATA type nuclear hormone receptors and ligand binding domains,PI3-kinase family p85 binding domain,phosphoinositide(PI)3-kinase catalytic domain and other categories.GO enrichment analysis pathway related entries mainly involved steroid hormone receptor activity,nuclear receptor activity,transcription factor activity,direct ligands regulation sequence-specific DNA binding,G protein-coupled amine receptor activity,steroid binding,catecholamine binding,neurotransmitter receptor activity,adrenergic receptor activity,ammonium ion binding,and oxidoreductase activity,etc.KEGG channel analysis mainly involved neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,aldosterone regulates sodium reabsorption,regulates lipolysis in adipocytes,regulates inflammatory mediators of TRP channels,tyrosine metabolism,calcium signaling pathway,cAMP signaling pathway,and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.[Conclusions]The research results suggest that Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction regulates the process of liver cirrhosis mainly through aldosterone regulation of sodium reabsorption,regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes,regulation of inflammatory mediators of TRP channels,calcium signaling pathways,and nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases.This reflects the multi-target and holistic action characteristics of the Chinese herbal compounds,and is expected to provide new ideas for further research on the molecular mechanism of Zhizi Ganjiang Decoction.

Protective effect of Zhizi Huangqi Shanzha formula(栀子黄芪山楂方)on aflatoxin poisoning in mice and its effect on intestinal flora

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the protective effect of Zhizi Huangqi Shanzha formula(栀子黄芪山楂方,ZHSF)on aflatoxin-induced liver injury.METHODS:The protective effect of ZHSF on the aflatoxin-induced liver injury was evaluated by histological observation,blood cell analysis,evaluation of liver function and immunity,and gut microbiota analysis.RESULTS:ZHSF can significantly up-regulate the percentage of lymphocytes and eosinophils in the blood of Aflatoxin B1-intoxicated mice,down-regulate the levels of serum aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,and malondialdehyde,and recover the liver tissue structure.Aflatoxin poisoning induces a variation of the intestinal flora of mice,and ZHSF may recover the variation of intestinal flora induced by Aflatoxin B1.Cluster analysis showed that the intestinal flora of mice in the intervention group was more similar to that of the control group.Correlation analysis showed that Lachnospiraceae,Desulfovibrio,and Lactobacillus may be the key flora for the pharmacological effects of ZHSF.CONCLUSIONS:ZHSF may protect against aflatoxininduced liver damage,improve immunity,and inhibit oxidative stress by regulating the composition and relative abundance of intestinal flora,which makes it a promising liver-protective candidate drug.

Effects of Zhizi Chuanxiong Capsule (栀子川芎胶囊) on Abnormal Methylation in Rabbits with Atherosclerosis

Objective： To investigate the effects of Zhizi Chuanxiong Capsule（ZCC, 栀子川芎胶囊） on abnormal DNA methylation in a rabbit model of atherosclerosis（AS）. Methods： After 1 week of adaptive feeding, 48 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 4 groups： a control group（n=12） fed with normal diet for 22 weeks; a model group（n=12） fed with high fat diet for 14 weeks followed by 8 weeks of normal diet feeding; a low-dose ZCC group（n=12） fed with high fat diet and low-dose ZCC for 14 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of normal diet and low-dose drug; a high-dose ZCC group（n=12） fed with high fat diet and high-dose drug for 14 weeks, followed by 8 weeks of normal diet and high-dose drug. After 22 weeks of feeding, blood samples were taken from the rabbit ear vein, and the genomic DNA was extracted for methylation immunoprecipitation sequencing（Medip-seq）. The aorta tissues were collected for hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining. Results： Eight rabbits died during the feeding process. HE staining showed that the size of the lipid deposition on vessel wall and atherosclerotic plaque formation were reduced in both low-and high-dose group. The Medip-seq results showed that there were 146 abnormally methylated genes（including both hypermethylated gene and hypomethylated genes） in the model group, compared with the control group. Gene Ontology（GO） and Pathway analysis showed that these abnormally methylated genes were found to be involved in multiple AS-related functions and pathways, such as protein kinase C activity, cholesterol transport, mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway, peroxisome proliferater-activated receptor signaling pathway, vascular smooth muscle contraction, inflammation and so on. The abnormal methylated genes in AS model group were altered in both low-and high-dose groups： low-dose ZCC could change 72 of the 146 abnormally methylated genes, highdose ZCC could change 71. Through GO and Pathway analysis, these altered methylated genes were involved in protein kinase C activity, inflammatory pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, vascular endothelial growth factor signaling pathway, etc. Conclusion： ZCC could treat AS through regulating the abnormal hypermethylated and hypomethylated genes in AS rabbit model.

Potential mechanism of cholagogic effect about Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis(Zhizi)-mediated increase of bile acids urinary excretion in normal rats

Objectives： Gardenia Jasminoides Ellis（Zhizi）, belonging to Rubiaceae family, has been traditionally used for treatment cholestasis and jaundice for centuries in Asian countries. In the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Zhizi could dispel dampness and heat via the urine to execute its choleretic effects. However, the potential molecular mechanism has been still poorly clarified. Here, we investigated the effect of different dose of Zhizi aqueous extract powder（0.3 g/kg/d and 0.9 g/kg/d） on urinary excretion of bile acids（BAs）, and defined the potential mechanism via renal BAs efflux transporters Mrp2 and Mrp4 in normal rats.Methods： Male Wistar rats were orally administrated with 0.3 or 0.9 g/kg/d dose of Zhizi aqueous extract powder for 2 weeks, then body weight, serum aminotransferase, total BAs concentrations in liver, bile,serum, kidney and urine, 1 h bile flow, 12-h urinary volume, biliary and urinary excretion amount of total BAs as well as protein expression of major renal BAs efflux transporter Mrp2 and Mrp4, were all evaluated.Results： Zhizi especially the high dose of Zhizi aqueous extract powder could reduce hepatic total BAs concentration. Additionally, bile flow and biliary excretion had no significant difference, but the remarkable increasing urinary excretion of BAs and 2 to 3 folds up-regulated renal Mrp2 expression were observed after administrated with Zhizi as compared with the control group.Conclusion： The findings indicate that Zhizi reduces hepatic total BAs level by increasing urinary excretion rather than the biliary excretion of BAs, which, in turn ascribed to elevated protein expression of Mrp2 at apical membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells.

基于显微特征颜色量化评价判别栀子与焦栀子

目的:建立基于显微特征颜色量化评价的栀子与焦栀子判别方法。方法:采用显微成像技术和显微特征颜色提取软件测定栀子与焦栀子显微特征颜色,利用Kruska-WallisH秩和检验、Fisher判别分析法分析栀子与焦栀子显微特征颜色差异,建立判别函数。结果:栀子与焦栀子显微特征(内果皮石细胞、内果皮纤维、种皮石细胞)的亮度值(L^(*))、红绿色值(a^(*))、黄蓝色值(b^(*))和总色度值(E_(ab)^(*))均有显著差异(P<0.01)。以种皮石细胞颜色对二者进行判别,其判别函数为y=0.678×L^(*)+0.384×a^(*)-0.576×b^(*)-9.322,y>0为栀子,y<0为焦栀子。结论:通过显微特征颜色量化评价,实现了栀子与焦栀子的有效判别,为栀子生、制饮片的判别和质量评价提供了新方法。

栀子药理作用及临床应用研究进展

栀子为茜草科植物栀子Gardenia jasminoides Ellis的干燥成熟果实,味苦,性寒,归心、肺、三焦经,具有泻火除烦、清热利湿、凉血解毒的功效,外用可消肿止痛。栀子属于我国药食两用资源,应用历史悠久,在我国多地种植生产,品种多样,使用范围广泛,药理作用显著,表现出较高的研究价值。国内外研究表明栀子具有解热、抗炎、降压、调脂、降血糖等功效,且对肝脏、血管、神经等都具有保护作用。该文通过对栀子的相关文献进行总结归纳,从中药栀子的品种资源分布及其活性成分含量影响因素、药理作用与多种成分之间的联系、古代医学专著中相关古方在临床的应用等方面阐明栀子优质资源分布、生物活性以及复方应用的研究,对栀子单药和复方配伍在未来更好的应用进行展望,以期为栀子后续相关研究和开发提供参考。

栀子治疗肝脏疾病作用机制研究进展

肝脏疾病是严重威胁我国人民生命健康的普遍疾病,目前其治疗仍面临缺乏特效药物和药物不良反应的困境。中医药在防治肝脏疾病方面表现出独特的优势,其中栀子及其有效成分在不同类型肝脏疾病治疗中疗效显著。现代药理学研究表明,栀子具有抗炎、抗血栓、抗病毒、抗氧化、调节血脂等作用,可减轻非酒精性脂肪性肝病、肝硬化、肝损伤、肝癌等多种疾病的症状。对栀子在多种肝脏疾病的作用机制相关的新近研究进行总结,以期为栀子在防治肝脏疾病中更深入的研究及临床应用提供参考依据。

基于网络药理学探讨牡丹皮-栀子治疗抑郁症作用机制

目的通过网络药理学的方法研究牡丹皮-栀子治疗抑郁症的作用机制。方法该文通过计算机技术筛选牡丹皮、栀子治疗抑郁症的主要活性成分及其潜在作用靶点,探讨其抗抑郁作用的药理学机制。应用中药系统药理学数据库与分析平台(TCMSP)和Uniport数据库整理及筛选牡丹皮、栀子的有效成分和作用靶点及对应的基因名。通过GeneCards数据库、在线人类孟德尔遗传数据库(OMIM)、靶点预测数据库(TTD)提取抑郁症(depressive disorder,DD)的相关靶点基因。进行Venn分析,将成分靶点与抑郁症疾病靶点取交集,获得共同靶点基因。构建化合物-靶点复合网络,筛选发挥抗抑郁作用的关键成分,同时用共同靶点基因构建蛋白互作网络(PPI)筛选出关键蛋白。将Metascape数据库和微生信云平台筛选得到的共同靶点基因进行京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)与基因本体(GO)通路富集分析,再通过KEGG数据库画出KEGG信号通路图。结果筛选得到牡丹皮、栀子与抑郁症有关的15个活性成分、138个对应靶点;PPI网络涉及138个节点,1648条边;GO富集主要涉及对氧气水平反应、细胞膜筏、DNA结合转录因子活性的调节。KEGG富集气泡图显示与癌症通路、脂质与动脉粥样硬化通路、PI3K-Akt信号通路等相关通路有关。结论通过网络药理学可以分析出牡丹皮、栀子在治疗抑郁症方面的有效化合物和关键通路等,为牡丹皮、栀子治疗抑郁症的临床研究提供了理论依据。

栀子炮制历史沿革及其药理作用研究进展

栀子作为一种传统药食两用中药,具有泻火除烦、清热利尿、凉血解毒之功效,临床应用广泛。该文通过整理有关栀子炮制的历代医家古籍以及现代相关文献研究,梳理了自汉代以来有关栀子的炮制方法,对栀子历代净制法、切制法、加热炮制法、加辅料炮制法进行总结,并归纳了栀子现代的主要炮制方法有炒黄法、炒焦法、炒炭法、加辅料炒法以及微波法。同时,对栀子近年来的药理作用进行汇总,主要集中在保护神经系统、保护心血管系统、抗炎、免疫调节、降血糖、保肝、抗抑郁、止血等方面。其中发挥药理作用的主要有效成分为栀子苷和西红花苷。文章系统论述了栀子的炮制历史沿革以及药理作用,以期为栀子的炮制原理、药理活性、临床应用以及新药开发提供一定的参考依据。

黄煌教授运用仲景经方治疗抑郁症经验

介绍了黄煌教授利用仲景经方加减治疗抑郁症的临床经验。黄煌教授继承、总结了仲景治疗情志病的学术思想,以半夏厚朴汤合栀子厚朴汤化裁拟定解郁除烦方。认为抑郁症以气郁痰阻,郁火内扰证为病机特点,制定了清热除烦,解郁化痰的治疗大法,以解郁除烦方为基础方,根据患者不同体质和证型,结合相关经方加减化裁治疗抑郁症,临床取得满意疗效。

栀子厚朴汤治疗老年脑卒中后抑郁伴失眠临床研究

目的:探究栀子厚朴汤治疗老年脑卒中后抑郁伴失眠临床疗效。方法:将90例老年脑卒中后抑郁伴失眠患者按随机数字表法分成对照组和观察组各45例。对照组接受常规西药治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加用栀子厚朴汤治疗。两组均治疗4周。比较两组患者治疗前后的中医证候积分、抑郁焦虑情况、认知功能、睡眠质量、多导睡眠图数据、血清炎症因子及神经递质水平,评价两组临床疗效。结果:治疗后,两组患者各中医证候积分均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01);两组精神状态评估相关量表[汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)、Barthel指数评分量表(BI)、简易精神状态检查量表(MMSE)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)]评分、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分均较治疗前改善,且观察组改善优于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后两组炎症因子[血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平均较治疗前降低,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.01);血清神经递质[5-羟色胺(5-HT)、P物质(SP)、神经肽Y(NPY)、多巴胺(DA)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、同型半胱氨酸(HCY)]水平均较治疗前改善,且观察组改善优于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后两组多导睡眠图数据指标[总睡眠时间(TST)、快速眼动睡眠期(REM)持续时间、睡眠效率(SE)及睡眠潜伏时间(SL)]均较治疗前改善,且观察组改善优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:栀子厚朴汤可有效改善老年脑卒中后抑郁伴失眠患者的临床症状、抑郁焦虑状态、认知功能、生活品质及睡眠质量,其作用机制与抑制炎症反应及改善血清神经递质水平相关。

栀子在《伤寒杂病论》中配伍应用规律探讨

栀子在《伤寒杂病论》中共涉及经方10首,根据对其相关原文以及文献资料的整理分析,对其配伍规律得出以下结论:(1)仲景对栀子的用量较为稳定,为14~15枚不等,约12.6~19.5 g,皆取生品入汤剂。(2)所伍经方主治症状多以烦、热为主,病位多在上焦,涉及中下二焦,原文提示六经多在太阳、阳明及厥阴,病机皆突出郁热内结的特点。(3)栀子的配伍甚为灵活,基于中医治疗八法分析,其配伍组方规律体现在:①以清法为主,如代表方栀子豉汤,栀子配豆豉而成清宣里热基本药对;②清中兼下-栀子配厚朴、枳实或大黄以清热通腑,利湿退黄,有栀子大黄汤、枳实栀子豉汤等;③清中兼消——栀子配茵陈、黄柏以清消湿热,解毒退黄,有茵陈蒿汤、栀子柏皮汤等;④清中兼温——即栀子干姜汤中配入干姜,寒温并用,清热温中;⑤清中兼补——即栀子甘草豉汤中配入甘草,补益中气,标本兼顾;⑥清中兼和——即栀子生姜豉汤中配入生姜以调理气机,降逆和中。仲景运用栀子灵活巧妙,药简力宏,探析其配伍规律对现代用药组方思路颇具指导性及启发性。

经典名方栀子豉汤的古代文献分析

通过检索中国基本古籍库、中医智库数据图书馆、中醫笈成、尚古汇典等中医古籍数据库,搜集中医古籍中“栀子豉汤”的相关文献记载,共获古代文献219条,筛选有效数据94条,涉及中医古籍56本。《伤寒论》首次记载栀子豉汤,由栀子、淡豆豉两味药组成。后世医家在此基础上发挥沿用,大多紧扣热郁胸膈这一核心病机,症状表现多样,有“烦”“不寐”“烦热”“痛”等。在用药剂量方面大多沿用《伤寒论》中栀子14枚、淡豆豉4合,具体用量因各朝代度量衡不同在后世医书籍中稍有变化。本方中栀子为茜草科植物栀子的干燥成熟果实,豆豉为淡味的大豆发酵物,煎法为水煎服,大多数医家认为本方的使用应中病即止。现代药理学研究发现栀子豉汤的有效成分具有抗抑郁、保护心血管、营养神经等作用,本方在临床中被广泛应用。

加味栀子豉汤联合西药治疗新型冠状病毒感染后失眠的效果

目的观察加味栀子豉汤联合西药治疗新型冠状病毒感染后失眠的效果。方法选取2022年10月至2023年6月就诊于安徽中医药大学第一附属医院脑病中心的60例新型冠状病毒感染后失眠患者为研究对象,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组和治疗组,各30例。对照组睡前口服右佐匹克隆3 mg,治疗组在对照组基础上加用加味栀子豉汤,疗程为2周。比较两组的治疗效果、睡眠质量、失眠严重程度及治疗安全性。结果停药时、停药2周后,治疗组的治疗总有效率略高于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前,两组的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、失眠严重指数量表(ISI)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);停药2周时,两组的PSQI、ISI评分低于治疗前,且治疗组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);停药时,两组的ISI评分低于治疗前,且治疗组低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);停药2周时,对照组的ISI评分高于停药时,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);停药时、停药2周时,治疗组的ISI评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组治疗期间均有患者偶尔出现头晕或头痛症状,治疗组治疗期间有1例患者出现腹泻症状;两组的肝、肾功能随访时复查无明显异常。结论加味栀子豉汤联合西药治疗新型冠状病毒感染后失眠的有效性和安全性良好,值得临床推广。

栀子甘草豉汤加味治疗联合雷贝拉唑对痰热郁阻型反流性食管炎患者中医证候及食管动力学的影响

目的:探讨栀子甘草豉汤加味治疗联合雷贝拉唑在痰热郁阻型反流性食管炎(RE)中的临床效果。方法:共66例RE患者,均为2020年1月—2023年8月我院收治,按随机数字表法分为2组(各33例)。对照组采用雷贝拉唑治疗,观察组加用栀子甘草豉汤加味治疗,持续8周。比较两组临床疗效、中医证候积分、胃肠激素水平、食管动力学、不良反应。结果:观察组总有效率较对照组高,治疗后中医证候积分较对照组低(P<0.05);观察组治疗后GAS、MOT水平较对照组高(P<0.05);观察组治疗后食管动力学优于对照组(P<0.05);两组不良反应相比无差异(P>0.05)。结论:栀子甘草豉汤加味治疗联合雷贝拉唑可提高RE治疗效果,加快食管动力学复常,促进疾病症状消失,纠正胃肠激素紊乱,安全可靠。

基于药对探讨中药复方越鞠丸抗抑郁作用配伍规律

目的以药对研究为切入点,开展中药复方越鞠丸抗抑郁作用配伍规律。方法在中药复方越鞠丸抗抑郁作用的研究基础上,通过依次拆方获得不同中药药对组合,并通过小鼠急性给药获得越鞠丸中具有抗抑郁作用的关键药对;建立慢性温和不可预知性刺激小鼠模型,进一步验证关键药对的抗抑郁作用,并探讨其分子机制。结果小鼠急性给药结果表明,栀子与川芎组合为其中发挥抗抑郁作用的关键药对;在慢性温和不可预知性刺激小鼠模型中,栀子与川芎药对组小鼠糖水消耗明显升高;悬尾实验及强迫游泳实验的不动时间明显降低;小鼠海马组织中炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α的水平以及相关炎症蛋白p-NF-κB p65、p-IκBα的表达受到抑制,BDNF、TrkB蛋白表达水平明显上调。结论栀子-川芎组合为越鞠丸发挥抗抑郁作用的关键药对,该药对可以显著降低栀子产生抗抑郁作用所需剂量,且该作用与其调节小鼠海马组织中炎症因子IL-6、TNF-α与相关炎症蛋白p-NF-κB p65、p-IκBα,以及BDNF及其受体TrkB的表达有关。

栀子柏皮汤及含栀子配伍组对免疫性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用

目的探讨栀子柏皮汤各及含栀子配伍组对刀豆蛋白(ConA)诱导免疫性损伤小鼠的保护作用及可能作用机制。方法观察栀子柏皮汤及各含栀子配伍组对尾静脉注射刀豆蛋白(ConA,20 mg·kg^(-1))诱发的免疫性肝损伤小鼠肝脏病理变化及血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)活性、肝匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)测定血清中干扰素γ(IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的水平。Western blot法检测与免疫炎症相关的NF-κB-p65的蛋白表达情况。结果栀子柏皮汤及各含栀子配伍组均能够降低血清ALT、AST及肝组织中MDA的含量;提高肝组织中SOD活性;降低NF-κB-p65及NF-κB-p-p65的表达,其中栀子柏皮汤全方组对免疫性肝损伤小鼠保护作用最佳。结论栀子柏皮汤对ConA诱导的免疫性肝损伤小鼠具有保护作用,其作用机制可能与调控免疫反应的NF-κB通路有关。

双波长HPLC测定栀子金花丸中栀子苷、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱和大黄素的含量

目的建立适用于栀子金花丸中栀子苷、黄芩苷、小檗碱和大黄素含量分析的高效液相色谱方法。方法 Zorbax Eclipse XDB-C18键合硅胶柱（4.6 mm×150 mm,5μm）;柱温为室温;以乙腈-0.2%磷酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱;流速1.0ml/min;检测波长分别为240和275 nm。结果栀子苷、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱和大黄素进样量分别在0.056-0.3360（r=0.9998）,0.208-0.624（r=0.9990）,0.116-0.696（r=0.9994）和0.040-0.240μg（r=0.9993）范围内线性关系良好,平均加样回收率分别为91.18%、91.55%、91.19%和92.29%,RSD分别为1.60%、0.75%、1.08%和1.98%。结论该方法简便、快速、灵敏、精密度高、重现性良好,结果准确,适合栀子金花丸中栀子苷、黄芩苷、盐酸小檗碱和大黄素含量分析。

栀子金花丸HPLC指纹图谱及其与体外抗氧化活性的相关性分析

目的:建立栀子金花丸指纹图谱,并分析与其体外抗氧化活性之间的相关性,为栀子金花丸的质量控制提供依据。方法:采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)。色谱柱为Sinochrom ODS-BP C_(18)(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.2%磷酸溶液(含3 mmol/L庚烷磺酸钠溶液)-乙腈(梯度洗脱),检测波长为254 nm,流速为0.8 ml/min,柱温为38℃,进样量为10μl。采用国家药典委员会"中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统软件"(2012.130723版)对12批栀子金花丸液相图谱进行相似度评价,以黄芩苷为参照峰,对各指纹共有峰进行归属。采用1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼自由基清除试验考察12批栀子金花丸的体外抗氧化活性,并对其指纹图谱与体外抗氧化活性之间的谱-效关系进行研究。结果:建立了栀子金花丸指纹图谱,12批次栀子金花丸指纹图谱与对照图谱相似度均在0.9以上(S1、S2、S3、S12除外);标记了30个共有峰,并全部归属到各成方药材中;体外抗氧化试验结果显示,不同批次栀子金花丸抗氧化能力存在差异;谱-效关系结果显示,13个共有峰与抗氧化活性呈正相关,17个共有峰呈负相关,在已知成分中发挥抗氧化活性的成分主要集中在金银花、黄芩和大黄3味药材中。结论:所建立的指纹图谱及其与抗氧化活性的谱-效关系可为该药的质量控制提供参考。