A non-dimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) to perturbation of four climate variables in Tao'er River Basin of the northeaste...A non-dimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) to perturbation of four climate variables in Tao'er River Basin of the northeastern China. Mean monthly ET0 and yearly ET0 from 1961 to 2005 were estimated with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Equation. A 45-year historical dataset of average monthly maximum/minimum air temperature, mean air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity from 15 meteorological stations was used in the analysis. Results show that: 1) Sensitivity coefficients of wind speed, air temperature and sunshine hours were positive except for those of air tem- perature of Arxan Meteorological Station, while those of relative humidity were all negative. Relative humidity was the most sensitive variable in general for the Tao'er River Basin, followed by sunshine hours, wind speed and air tem- perature. 2) Similar to climate variable, monthly sensitivity coefficients exhibit large annual fluctuations. 3) Sensitivity coefficients for four climate variables all showed significant trends in seasonal/yearly series. Also, sensitivity coefficients of air temperature, sunshine hours and wind speed all showed significant trends in spring. 4) Among all sensitiv- ity coefficients, the average yearly sensitivity coefficient of relative humidity was highest throughout the basin and showed largest spatial variability. Longitudinal distribution of sensitivity coefficients for air temperature, relative hu- midity and sunshine hours was also found, which was similar to the distribution of the three climate variables.展开更多
Climate change has significantly affected hydrological processes and increased the frequency and severity of water shortage,droughts and floods in northeast China.A study has been conducted to quantify the influence o...Climate change has significantly affected hydrological processes and increased the frequency and severity of water shortage,droughts and floods in northeast China.A study has been conducted to quantify the influence of climate change on the hydrologic process in the Tao’er River Basin(TRB),one of the most prominent regions in northeast China for water contradiction.The Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model was calibrated and validated with observed land use and hydro-climatic data and then employed for runoff simulations at upper,middle and lower reaches of the river basin for different climate change scenarios.The results showed that a gradual increase in temperature and decrease in annual precipitation in the basin was projected for the period 2020-2050 for both representative concentration pathways(RCP)4.5 and 8.5 scenarios.The climate changes would cause a decrease in annual average runoff at basin outlet by 12 and 23 million m^(3) for RCP4.5 and 8.5,respectively.The future runoff in the upstream and midstream of the basin during 2020-2050 would be-10.8% and-12.1% lower than the observed runoff compared to the base period for RCP4.5,while those would be-5.3% and-10.7%lower for RCP8.5.The future runoff will decrease at three hydrology stations for the assumed future climate scenarios.The results can help us understand the future temperature and precipitation trends and the hydrological cycle process under different climate change scenarios,and provide the basis for the rational allocation and management of water resources under the influence of future climate change in the TRB.展开更多
The source rock model used in this project was developed by French Petroleum Research Institute. The total organic carbon content was estimated primarily and directly by using continuous conventional logging curves (s...The source rock model used in this project was developed by French Petroleum Research Institute. The total organic carbon content was estimated primarily and directly by using continuous conventional logging curves (such as sonic and resistivity curves), which are calibrated through the laboratory analysis data of organic carbon of cores, cuttings or sidewall cores. Regional evaluations have been carried out in downwarping basins abroad. The Haila′er Basin is a faulted basin and the evaluation of such a basin is a new subject. On the basis of a regional evaluation method for the downwarping basins, a new method suitable to faulted basins was developed. The effect is satisfactory when this new method is applied to the Wu′erxun Sag and the Bei′er Sag.展开更多
In recent years, climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental issues globally. Morocco, like many other countries, has been significantly affected by these changes, particularly over the past d...In recent years, climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental issues globally. Morocco, like many other countries, has been significantly affected by these changes, particularly over the past decade. In this context, we aim to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall as a hydrological indicator to understand its impact on the hydrological dynamics of the upper Oum Er-Rbia basin. The Oum Er-Rbia basin is one of the largest watersheds in Morocco in terms of water resources, after the Sebou basin. Besides, the studied area covers an area of 6965 km2. The altitudes are between 2410 m and 415 m. Oum Er-Rbia river takes its source from the Middle Atlas at 2400 m altitude and crosses the Middle Atlas range, the Tadla plain. It shows diversity in relief with diverse structural forms. It is fed by several permanent and seasonal tributaries. The present study consists of analyzing the variations of rainfall events through a statistical analysis of rainfall data provided by the reference stations in the Upper Oum Erbia basin for a chronicle of (1934-2023), and spatializing the precipitation at different scales, annual and monthly, through the rainfall data, provided by 33 rainfall stations, with a chronicle of 30 years, inter-station period (1984-2013). From a methodological point of view, this study places us within a palette of concepts of spatialization that are said to be normative or traditional and are part of the set of methods existing in the field of spatialization. The main objective of this paper is to extract all the information that can inform us about the rainfall characteristics of this period, to determine the rainfall trends and to identify the spatial and temporal rainfall distributions. All this is in order to follow, understand and determine the nature of the impact of climate variability on the hydrological functioning in the upper basin of Oum Er-Rbia.展开更多
【目的】对生态水文联系分区以表征不同空间范围内的变异情势,进而为流域生态水文联系的良性维持提供理论支撑。【方法】统计渭河流域21个站点水文序列的水文改变指标(IHA),应用变化范围(Range of Variability Approach,RVA)法对其不同...【目的】对生态水文联系分区以表征不同空间范围内的变异情势,进而为流域生态水文联系的良性维持提供理论支撑。【方法】统计渭河流域21个站点水文序列的水文改变指标(IHA),应用变化范围(Range of Variability Approach,RVA)法对其不同时间段的生态水文联系改变程度进行评估,并分析其空间分布规律。基于IHA构建分区指标体系,依据不同站点的生态水文联系变异程度,运用层次聚类法进行分区,并与主成分分析结果进行对比以验证其合理性。【结果】依据渭河流域内各站点的生态水文联系变异情况,将渭河流域划分为强烈变异区、中度变异区与轻度变异区3个变异区,不同分区可反映其生态水文联系综合变异的变异情势。根据各分区内的主导变异成分,可将3个分区再细化成5个变异小区,在强烈变异区中,将高、低脉冲流量和丰水期流量为主导变异成分的站点划为强烈变异区Ⅰ,极端流量和流量变化率为主导变异成分的站点划为强烈变异区Ⅱ;在中度变异区中,将高、低脉冲流量和流量变化率为主导变异成分的站点划为中度变异区Ⅰ,将最小极端流量、高脉冲流量和丰水期流量为主导变异成分的站点划为中度变异区Ⅱ;由于轻度变异区各主导变异成分均较轻,故未进一步细分。基于层次聚类法的生态水文联系的变异分区结果较为合理,与主成分分析结果基本吻合。【结论】各变异分区可表征不同分区的综合变化强度和主导变异成分,通过该分区可基本了解渭河流域不同区域河流生态水文联系的变化情况。展开更多
首先研究了大型沉积盆地对地表重力异常的影响,然后基于Parker-Oldenburg迭代算法,利用经过沉积层改正的布格重力异常数据反演了中国西部的Moho面深度。结果表明,地壳浅层密度异常对地表重力异常和Moho面深度结果的影响较大,利用简化的...首先研究了大型沉积盆地对地表重力异常的影响,然后基于Parker-Oldenburg迭代算法,利用经过沉积层改正的布格重力异常数据反演了中国西部的Moho面深度。结果表明,地壳浅层密度异常对地表重力异常和Moho面深度结果的影响较大,利用简化的三层沉积层模型,计算出的中国西部沉积盆地的重力异常改正最大可达25 m Gal,由此引起的Moho面深度可达2.2 km,Moho面深度最终计算结果与区域最新研究成果相符合,因此,利用重力异常反演Moho面深度时,应考虑沉积层的影响以提高反演精度。展开更多
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40571029)
文摘A non-dimensional relative sensitivity coefficient was employed to predict the responses of reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) to perturbation of four climate variables in Tao'er River Basin of the northeastern China. Mean monthly ET0 and yearly ET0 from 1961 to 2005 were estimated with the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith Equation. A 45-year historical dataset of average monthly maximum/minimum air temperature, mean air temperature, wind speed, sunshine hours and relative humidity from 15 meteorological stations was used in the analysis. Results show that: 1) Sensitivity coefficients of wind speed, air temperature and sunshine hours were positive except for those of air tem- perature of Arxan Meteorological Station, while those of relative humidity were all negative. Relative humidity was the most sensitive variable in general for the Tao'er River Basin, followed by sunshine hours, wind speed and air tem- perature. 2) Similar to climate variable, monthly sensitivity coefficients exhibit large annual fluctuations. 3) Sensitivity coefficients for four climate variables all showed significant trends in seasonal/yearly series. Also, sensitivity coefficients of air temperature, sunshine hours and wind speed all showed significant trends in spring. 4) Among all sensitiv- ity coefficients, the average yearly sensitivity coefficient of relative humidity was highest throughout the basin and showed largest spatial variability. Longitudinal distribution of sensitivity coefficients for air temperature, relative hu- midity and sunshine hours was also found, which was similar to the distribution of the three climate variables.
基金the Key R&D Projects of Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Department(20200403070SF)Young Top-Notch Talent Support Program of National High-level Talents Special Support Plan+2 种基金National Key R&D Program of China(NO.2017YFC0403506)China Water Resource Conservation and Protection Project(No.126302001000150005)Strategic Consulting Projects of Chinese Academy of Engineering(NO.2016-ZD-08-05-02)。
文摘Climate change has significantly affected hydrological processes and increased the frequency and severity of water shortage,droughts and floods in northeast China.A study has been conducted to quantify the influence of climate change on the hydrologic process in the Tao’er River Basin(TRB),one of the most prominent regions in northeast China for water contradiction.The Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model was calibrated and validated with observed land use and hydro-climatic data and then employed for runoff simulations at upper,middle and lower reaches of the river basin for different climate change scenarios.The results showed that a gradual increase in temperature and decrease in annual precipitation in the basin was projected for the period 2020-2050 for both representative concentration pathways(RCP)4.5 and 8.5 scenarios.The climate changes would cause a decrease in annual average runoff at basin outlet by 12 and 23 million m^(3) for RCP4.5 and 8.5,respectively.The future runoff in the upstream and midstream of the basin during 2020-2050 would be-10.8% and-12.1% lower than the observed runoff compared to the base period for RCP4.5,while those would be-5.3% and-10.7%lower for RCP8.5.The future runoff will decrease at three hydrology stations for the assumed future climate scenarios.The results can help us understand the future temperature and precipitation trends and the hydrological cycle process under different climate change scenarios,and provide the basis for the rational allocation and management of water resources under the influence of future climate change in the TRB.
文摘The source rock model used in this project was developed by French Petroleum Research Institute. The total organic carbon content was estimated primarily and directly by using continuous conventional logging curves (such as sonic and resistivity curves), which are calibrated through the laboratory analysis data of organic carbon of cores, cuttings or sidewall cores. Regional evaluations have been carried out in downwarping basins abroad. The Haila′er Basin is a faulted basin and the evaluation of such a basin is a new subject. On the basis of a regional evaluation method for the downwarping basins, a new method suitable to faulted basins was developed. The effect is satisfactory when this new method is applied to the Wu′erxun Sag and the Bei′er Sag.
文摘In recent years, climate change has emerged as one of the most pressing environmental issues globally. Morocco, like many other countries, has been significantly affected by these changes, particularly over the past decade. In this context, we aim to examine the spatial and temporal distribution of rainfall as a hydrological indicator to understand its impact on the hydrological dynamics of the upper Oum Er-Rbia basin. The Oum Er-Rbia basin is one of the largest watersheds in Morocco in terms of water resources, after the Sebou basin. Besides, the studied area covers an area of 6965 km2. The altitudes are between 2410 m and 415 m. Oum Er-Rbia river takes its source from the Middle Atlas at 2400 m altitude and crosses the Middle Atlas range, the Tadla plain. It shows diversity in relief with diverse structural forms. It is fed by several permanent and seasonal tributaries. The present study consists of analyzing the variations of rainfall events through a statistical analysis of rainfall data provided by the reference stations in the Upper Oum Erbia basin for a chronicle of (1934-2023), and spatializing the precipitation at different scales, annual and monthly, through the rainfall data, provided by 33 rainfall stations, with a chronicle of 30 years, inter-station period (1984-2013). From a methodological point of view, this study places us within a palette of concepts of spatialization that are said to be normative or traditional and are part of the set of methods existing in the field of spatialization. The main objective of this paper is to extract all the information that can inform us about the rainfall characteristics of this period, to determine the rainfall trends and to identify the spatial and temporal rainfall distributions. All this is in order to follow, understand and determine the nature of the impact of climate variability on the hydrological functioning in the upper basin of Oum Er-Rbia.
文摘【目的】对生态水文联系分区以表征不同空间范围内的变异情势,进而为流域生态水文联系的良性维持提供理论支撑。【方法】统计渭河流域21个站点水文序列的水文改变指标(IHA),应用变化范围(Range of Variability Approach,RVA)法对其不同时间段的生态水文联系改变程度进行评估,并分析其空间分布规律。基于IHA构建分区指标体系,依据不同站点的生态水文联系变异程度,运用层次聚类法进行分区,并与主成分分析结果进行对比以验证其合理性。【结果】依据渭河流域内各站点的生态水文联系变异情况,将渭河流域划分为强烈变异区、中度变异区与轻度变异区3个变异区,不同分区可反映其生态水文联系综合变异的变异情势。根据各分区内的主导变异成分,可将3个分区再细化成5个变异小区,在强烈变异区中,将高、低脉冲流量和丰水期流量为主导变异成分的站点划为强烈变异区Ⅰ,极端流量和流量变化率为主导变异成分的站点划为强烈变异区Ⅱ;在中度变异区中,将高、低脉冲流量和流量变化率为主导变异成分的站点划为中度变异区Ⅰ,将最小极端流量、高脉冲流量和丰水期流量为主导变异成分的站点划为中度变异区Ⅱ;由于轻度变异区各主导变异成分均较轻,故未进一步细分。基于层次聚类法的生态水文联系的变异分区结果较为合理,与主成分分析结果基本吻合。【结论】各变异分区可表征不同分区的综合变化强度和主导变异成分,通过该分区可基本了解渭河流域不同区域河流生态水文联系的变化情况。
文摘首先研究了大型沉积盆地对地表重力异常的影响,然后基于Parker-Oldenburg迭代算法,利用经过沉积层改正的布格重力异常数据反演了中国西部的Moho面深度。结果表明,地壳浅层密度异常对地表重力异常和Moho面深度结果的影响较大,利用简化的三层沉积层模型,计算出的中国西部沉积盆地的重力异常改正最大可达25 m Gal,由此引起的Moho面深度可达2.2 km,Moho面深度最终计算结果与区域最新研究成果相符合,因此,利用重力异常反演Moho面深度时,应考虑沉积层的影响以提高反演精度。
