PI Ziegler-Nichols预测控制在机器人位置伺服控制中的应用

针对机器人姿态变换时伺服电机位置控制中惯量和负载转矩的变化,提出了一种PI Ziegler-Nichols预测并行控制策略。设计了PI Ziegler-Nichols控制器与预测控制器,PI Ziegler-Nichols控制可对传统PI控制器的比例、积分系数进行在线调整,抑制了参数变化和负载扰动,预测控制在误差较大时能够提高收敛速度并具有较好的跟踪能力。仿真结果表明,并行控制策略具有较好的稳定性和动态跟踪精度,当系统参量产生变化时,PI Ziegler-Nichols预测控制器可自适应调整,在机器人伺服系统中可实现较好的位置控制精度和较快的响应速度。

交流伺服系统Ziegler-Nichols PI滑模并行复合控制

针对交流位置伺服系统负载力矩和转动惯量变化大、干扰力矩强的特点,提出一种Ziegler-Nichols PI滑模并行复合控制策略,设计了位置环滑模变结构控制器和Ziegler-Nichols PI控制器的并行结构,滑模控制抑制了参数摄动和负载扰动,Ziegler-Nichols PI控制可对传统PI控制器的比例、积分系数进行在线调整,实现了系统的调整控制。仿真结果表明,所设计的并行复合控制器能够保证系统的静、动态性能。

交流伺服系统的Ziegler-Nichols PI控制

针对永磁伺服系统速度调节器性能较差的问题,提出Ziegler-Nichols PI控制方法。介绍了控制器结构组成及从理论上分析了Ziegler-Nichols PI调节原理;通过大量的仿真实验,详细研究控制器参数对系统性能的影响,得到有关参数选取及控制器设计规律。结果表明,该方法具有较强的鲁棒性及自调节能力。

Ziegler-Nichols Customization for Quadrotor Attitude Control under Empty and Full Loading Conditions

An aircraft quadrotor is a complex control system that allows for great flexibility in flight.Controlling multirotor aerial systems such as quadrotors is complex because the variables involved are not always available,known,and accurate.The inclusion of payload changes the dynamic characteristics of the aircraft,making it necessary to adapt the control system for this situation.Among the various control methods that have been investigated,proportional-integralderivative(PID)control offers good results and simplicity of application;however,achieving stability and high performance is challenging,with the most critical task being tuning the controller gains.The Ziegler-Nichols(ZN)theory was used to tune the controller gains for pitch and roll attitude command;however,the performance results were not satisfactory.The response of this system was refined,resulting in an improvement in the reference tracking and the rejection of disturbances.This particular refinement was applied to the quadrotor,and via a reverse calculation,the parameters that allow the tuning of PID gains were obtained,based on ZN.The particularization of the ZN theory applied to a quadrotor with and without a load(termed ZNAQ and ZNAQL,respectively)is proposed and results in a significant improvement in the control system response performance(up to 75%),demonstrating that ZNAQ and ZNAQL are valid for tuning the controller PID gains and are more efficient than the original ZN theory approach.

基于PI参数的二阶线性自抗扰控制参数整定

线性自抗扰控制是一种不依赖于被控过程模型的控制方法,具有很好的工程应用潜力。目前,工业控制过程中大多采用PI控制器,为了确保由调试好的PI控制器平稳切换到线性自抗扰控制器,并使系统仍保持稳定状态,需要合理设置线性自抗扰控制器的参数。为此,在分析二阶线性自抗扰控制器的二自由度等效结构的基础上,推导出其反馈控制器与PID控制器的对应关系,给出一种基于现有PI控制参数直接获取二阶线性自抗扰控制初始参数的方法。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink平台上采用若干典型传递函数和双容水箱液位控制系统进行仿真研究,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性。

基于PI建模和反步滑模控制的主动波浪补偿策略

海上起重船受风、浪、涌影响会产生剧烈的船舶姿态变化,造成起重机和货物的位姿变化,对货物和人员存在安全隐患,波浪补偿平台的稳定性控制能有效减少复杂海况下船舶运动对海上作业安全性、稳定性和精准性的影响,对浮式起重船海上设备精准装载作业极其重要。针对补偿平台的迟滞非线性导致的建模困难和控制不精确问题,本文提出基于PI(Prandtle–Ishlinskii)建模和反步滑模控制的主动波浪补偿策略。首先,通过实验得到补偿系统的迟滞效应曲线,分析系统迟滞环建立PI迟滞模型,并采用递推最小二乘法辨识模型的各个参数,从而求得系统模型。然后,基于李雅普诺夫(Lyapunov)稳定性设计反步控制补偿方法,并结合滑模控制规律加快初始控制速度。最后,将反步滑模法应用于补偿系统,采用MATLAB软件仿真在规则波和不规则波下的响应来验证算法和模型的正确性,并在工控机中用C#编写控制程序,驱动运动控制卡控制伺服电机带动电缸进行补偿运动,同时通过传感器采集系统运动的实时数据,并反馈给工控机形成闭环,以期验证补偿平台在补偿规则波和不规则波下的补偿效果。实验结果表明,所建立的斯图尔特(Stewart)浮式平台中,PI迟滞模型具有良好的精度,反步终端滑模控制算法在Stewart平台的实际控制中能够很好地补偿波浪运动,相比比例–积分–微分控制(PID)、反步法、强化学习等控制方法,反步终端滑模方法能快速较好跟踪期望位移,补偿精度达到0.9729。

DAB储能变换器双闭环模型预测控制与PI补偿控制策略研究

针对直流微电网中分布式电源输入输出功率不稳定造成的直流母线电压波动问题,鉴于双有源桥(DAB)储能变换器具有能量双向流动的特点,提出一种基于内模原理的双闭环模型预测控制策略。在分析DAB变换器扩展移相调制原理与特性基础上,重点研究电压外环和电流内环的模型预测控制策略。针对模型预测控制性能依赖电路参数准确度问题,分别从电路主要参数失配对功率传输和直流母线稳压的影响两个角度出发,深入分析模型参数敏感度。最终设置直流母线电压稳态误差灵敏度区,在误差灵敏度区外仅采用双闭环模型预测控制以保证系统的动态响应性能,在误差灵敏度区内采用双闭环模型预测控制和PI补偿控制以消除系统稳态误差。搭建实验平台进行实验验证,结果表明:在系统受到扰动时,DAB储能变换器可实现快速地充放电对系统进行补偿,混合控制策略可快速保持母线电压的稳定,实现系统功率均衡,增强系统抗扰能力。

模糊整定PI参数的双柔性机械臂振动抑制

机械臂伺服驱动系统中柔性因素的存在易导致机械臂输出转速波动,甚至引发系统谐振.为抑制系统转速波动,使机械臂传动系统性能稳定,使用模糊理论整定PI控制器参数的控制策略.根据假设模态法和拉格朗日动力学方程建立了考虑LuGre摩擦模型的双柔性机械臂传动系统动力学方程,并分析了动力学方程中耦合非线性项对系统传动特性的影响.使用极点配置策略确定PI控制器参数的取值范围,后根据模糊规则实时调整控制器参数,以减小伺服系统输出转速的波动,进而抑制系统谐振.最后,借助数值仿真分析和机械臂控制实验,与传统PI控制策略对比,发现本文所述控制策略可使电机端转角跟踪误差绝对值的平均值降低43.066%,柔性负载转角误差的标准差降低46.506%,更加验证了所提模糊规则整定PI控制器参数抑振方法的有效性.

Multivariable PI Type Generalized Predictive Control

This paper presents a multivariable generalized predictive controller with proportion and integration structure by modifying the quadratic criterion of the usual MGPC. The control performance has been improved greatly. The effectiveness of the controller is demonstrated by the simulation result.

Genetic algorithm tuned PI controller on PMSM simplified vector control

A simple control structure in servo system is occasionally needed for simple industrial application which precise and high control performance is not exessively important so that the cost production can be reduced efficiently. Simplified vector control, which has simple control structure, is utilized as the permanent magnet synchronous motor control algorithm and genetic algorithm is used to tune three PI controllers used in simplified vector control. The control performance is obtained from simulation and investigated to verify the feasibility of the algorithm to be applied in the real application. Simulation results show that the speed and torque responses of the system in both continuous time and discrete time can achieve good performances. Furthermore, simplified vector control combined with genetic algorithm has a similar perfofmance with conventional field oriented control algorithm and possible to be realized into the real simple application in the future.

基于改进灰色预测单神经元PI的全超导托卡马克核聚变发电装置快控电源电流控制

全超导托卡马克核聚变发电装置(EAST)快控电源负载电感的电流受多种不确定环境因素的影响而难以预测,灰色预测无需精确对象模型,只需少量已知信息即可实现输出电流短期预测,已在EAST快控电源中有了一定研究应用。为解决灰色预测在EAST快控电源中对突变信号边沿预测精度低和预测延时时间长的问题,提出一种改进灰色预测算法实现输出电流预测。在一个开关周期内对输出电流进行等时长间隔采样4次作为原始序列,将滚动式采样预测改为逐周期采样预测,在实现灰色预测的过程中不必依赖过去几个周期的历史采样信息,只需本周期的4个原始采样值即可实现输出电流的预测。根据预测电流与参考电流误差自适应调整单神经元比例-积分(PI)控制的输出增益,实现输出电流的快速准确控制。仿真和实验结果表明,在EAST快控电源电流预测过程中所提出的改进灰色预测,对比传统灰色预测具有更高的预测精度和更小的预测延时,改进灰色预测变增益单神经元PI控制能够在减小电流超调的同时加快输出电流响应速度。

高压输电线软体巡检机器人磁致动机制及PI滑模控制研究

为解决高压输电线刚性悬臂巡检机器人尺寸大、笨重、越障不灵活、效率低等问题,设计一种高压磁致动软体巡检机器人,利用载流线圈在高压直流环形磁场中受到的安培力驱动软体机器人以柔顺和蠕动方式高效灵活地跨越多种障碍物。对该机器人进行本体构型设计并分析其工作姿态,实现稳定巡检功能;对磁致动驱动器进行理论设计和分析,利用Comsol仿真软件对其所需驱动力进行仿真,验证理论的可实行性;通过拉格朗日法对高压磁致动软体巡检机器人进行动力学建模,构建系统动力学方程,获取机器人的关节角度、速度、加速度之间的关系;最后,通过MATLAB利用基于PI滑模控制法对简化后的高压磁致动软体巡检机器人动力学模型实行速度和角速度高精度追踪仿真。仿真结果表明:在滑模控制下,角度在1.5 s追踪上理想信号,角速度在0.3 s后追上理想信号,证明基于PI的滑模控制器能够实现对高压磁致动软体巡检机器人的有效控制。

Disturbance Observer Based Speed Control of PMSM Using Fractional Order PI Controller

In this paper, fractional order PI(FOPI) control is developed for speed control of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). Designing the parameters for FOPI controller is a challenging task, especially for nonlinear systems like PMSM.All three PI controllers in the conventional vector controlled speed drive are replaced by FOPI controllers. Design of these FOPI controllers is based on the locally linearized model of PMSM around an operating point. This operating point changes with the load torque. The novelty of the work reported here is in use of Non Linear Disturbance Observer(NLDO) to estimate load torque to obtain this new operating point. All three FOPI controllers are then designed adaptively using this new operating point. The scheme is tested on simulation using MATLAB/SIMULINK and results are presented.

IMC based robust PID controller tuning for disturbance rejection

It is well-known that the IMC-PID controller tuning gives fast and improved set point response but slow disturbance rejection. A modification has been proposed in IMC-PID tuning rule for the improved disturbance rejection. For the modified IMC-PID tuning rule, a method has been developed to obtain the IMC-PID setting in closed-loop mode without acquiring detailed information of the process. The proposed method is based on the closed-loop step set point experiment using a proportional only controller with gain K_(c0). It is the direct approach to find the PID controller setting similar to classical Ziegler-Nichols closed-loop method. Based on simulations of a wide range of first-order with delay processes, a simple correlation has been derived to obtain the modified IMC-PID controller settings from closed-loop experiment. In this method, controller gain is a function of the overshoot obtained in the closed loop set point experiment. The integral and derivative time is mainly a function of the time to reach the first peak(overshoot). Simulation has been conducted for the broad class of processes and the controllers were tuned to have the same degree of robustness by measuring the maximum sensitivity, Ms, in order to obtain a reasonable comparison. The PID controller settings obtained in the proposed tuning method show better performance and robustness with other two-step tuning methods for the broad class of processes. It has also been applied to temperature control loop in distillation column model. The result has been compared to the open loop tuning method where it gives robust and fast response.

Operator-Based Robust Nonlinear Control for SISO and MIMO Nonlinear Systems With PI Hysteresis

In this paper, operator based robust nonlinear control for single-input single-output(SISO) and multi-input multi-output(MIMO) nonlinear uncertain systems preceded by generalized Prandtl-Ishlinskii(PI) hysteresis is considered respectively. In detail, by using operator based robust right coprime factorization approach, the control system design structures including feedforward and feedback controllers for both SISO and MIMO nonlinear uncertain systems are given, respectively.In which, the controller design includes the information of PI hysteresis and its inverse, and some sufficient conditions for the controllers in both SISO and MIMO systems should be satisfied are also derived respectively. Based on the proposed conditions, influence from hysteresis is rejected, the systems are robustly stable and output tracking performance can be realized.Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method is confirmed by numerical simulations.

基于板带厚度误差PI反馈的轧机辊缝调节方法

针对轧机刚度系数未知波动影响板带厚度控制精度的问题,提出了基于板带厚度误差PI反馈的轧机辊缝调节方法。首先,建立轧机弹跳方程、液压辊缝调节动态方程,以及从辊缝设定值到板带出口厚度的动态方程;其次通过测厚仪和测压计,获取轧机出口处的板带厚度,以及轧机施加的轧制压力;然后设计基于板带厚度误差量PI反馈的辊缝大小的设定值,同时引入比例反馈增益系数与积分反馈增益系数的单参数化设计;最后将辊缝大小的设定值输入轧机液压辊缝调节系统进行辊缝调节,最终形成一套完整的轧机辊缝调节方法。该方法提高了轧制参数的预设定精度,大大减小了轧机刚度系数波动对板带厚度控制精度的影响,从而提高了板带厚度精度。

Robust PID controller design for time delay processes with peak of maximum sensitivity criteria

The motivation of this work is to obtain single PI/PID tuning formula for different types of processes with enhanced disturbance rejection performance. The proposed tuning formula consistently gives better performance in comparison to several well-known methods at the same degree of robustness for stable, integrating and unstable processes. For the selection of the closed-loop time constant(τc), a guideline is provided over a broad range of time-delay/time-constant ratios on the basis of the peak of maximum sensitivity(Ms). An analysis has been performed for the uncertainty margin with the different process parameters for the robust controller design. It gives the guideline of the Ms-value settings for the PI controller designs based on the process parameters uncertainty. Furthermore, a relationship has been developed between Ms-value and uncertainty margin with the different process parameters(k, τ and θ). Simulation study has been conducted for the broad class of processes and the controllers are tuned to have the same degree of robustness by measuring the maximum sensitivity, Ms, in order to obtain a reasonable comparison.

PI force feedback control for large flexible structure vibration with active tendons

Active tendon, consisting of a displacement actuator and a collocated force sensor, was first presented by Preumont and his co-workers to attenuate the vibration of large flexible space structures, and the control algorithm adopted by them was integral force feedback. This paper presents a new proportional-integral （PI） force feedback algorithm to achieve larger damping ratios for the structure without the requirement of structure model. Stability of the control system is shown, and simulations of a structure similar to JPL-MPI demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm for vibration control of space structures.

Composition control and temperature inferential control of dividing wall column based on model predictive control and PI strategies

The dividing wall column （DWC） is considered as a major breakthrough in distillation technology and has good prospect of industrialization. Model predictive control （MPC） is an advanced control strategy that has acquired extensive applications in various industries. In this study, MPC is applied to the process for separating ethanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol ternary mixture in a fully thermally coupled DWC. Both composition control and tem- perature inferent/al control are considered. The multiobjective genetic algor/thm function ＂gamult/obj＂ in Matlab is used for the weight tuning of MPC. Comparisons are made between the control performances of MPC and PI strategies. Simulation results show that although both MPC and PI schemes can stabilize the DWC in case of feed disturbances, MPC generally behaves better than the PI strategy for both composition control and tempera- ture inferential control, resulting in a more stable and superior performance with lower values of integral of squared error （ISE）.

有源电力滤波器补偿的PI解耦控制技术研究

电网中电压和电流波形的失真会产生谐波,导致电网功率因数降低,并影响电力系统的稳定性和可靠性。为了确保电力系统的正常工作,研究了基于有源电力滤波器补偿的比例积分(PI)解耦控制技术。设计了基于二极管钳位式的有源电力滤波器模型。结合基尔霍博电压法,降低控制谐波和解除部分变量耦合。针对设备非线性产生的谐波,分析有源电力滤波器的可逆性,获得输入雅可比矩阵,以实现滤波器旋转坐标的线性化。利用变换矩阵转换转动角速向量,输入谐波的幅度,输出电流取样延迟,完成无差PI解耦控制。试验结果表明,所提技术能够有效解耦滤波器的谐波电流成分,从而补偿电网中的失真电流。该技术可以减少谐波对电力系统的整体影响,保证设备的正常运行。