以酸枣〔Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow.〕19个种源地的211份样本为研究对象,对其表型性状(包括13个质量性状和29个数量性状)进行观测和变异分析,并采用巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析研究数量性状的变异来...以酸枣〔Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow.〕19个种源地的211份样本为研究对象,对其表型性状(包括13个质量性状和29个数量性状)进行观测和变异分析,并采用巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析研究数量性状的变异来源、与地理气候因子的关系及能够反映酸枣表型特征的主要数量性状。结果表明:酸枣质量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为11.44%~55.21%和0.34~1.65;数量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为4.57%~85.46%和0.24~2.09,极值比为1.67~14.06。陕西佳县、内蒙古元宝山和河北复兴种源的数量性状变异程度较高,辽宁喀左、陕西延川和河北赞皇种源的数量性状多样性丰富。酸枣数量性状种源间和种源内的方差分量比例均值分别为69.86%和14.88%,表型分化系数均值为0.82。叶长、叶形指数、可食率等12个数量性状与地理气候因子存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关性。主成分分析结果表明:前9个主成分的累计贡献率为79.74%,叶形指数、叶柄长度、叶柄宽度等17个数量性状可作为评价酸枣种质资源的表型性状。基于数量性状可将19个种源分为4个类群,类群Ⅰ主要特征为叶片小、果实和果核小、出核率高;类群Ⅱ主要特征为果实和果核大、可食率高;类群Ⅲ主要特征为叶片长、枣吊长、枣吊叶片数多;类群Ⅳ主要特征为二次枝长、直刺和弯刺短。综合上述研究结果,酸枣表型多样性丰富,种源间和种源内存在不同程度的变异,种源间变异是主要变异来源,不同种源酸枣可用于选育不同表型性状酸枣品种。展开更多
To search for new and bioactive minor components from traditional Chinese medicines, a new compound, named jujuphenoside (1), was isolated from the seeds of Ziziphusjujuba var. spinosa (Bunge)Hu. The structure of juju...To search for new and bioactive minor components from traditional Chinese medicines, a new compound, named jujuphenoside (1), was isolated from the seeds of Ziziphusjujuba var. spinosa (Bunge)Hu. The structure of jujuphenoside was elucidated by spectral and chemical methods, particularly twodimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Together with the new compound, 22 known compounds were also isolated and identified from the seeds of Z. jujuba var. spinosa, among which, epiceanothic acid (2) was first obtained from natural resources, whereas compounds 7-16 were first obtained from this plant.展开更多
Using ultradry method and accelerated aging, storage behavior of Ziziphus jujuba var spinosa seeds with MC of 15-80 g/kg was studied. The results showed that seeds with MC of 24-80 g/kg could maintain the stabilizatio...Using ultradry method and accelerated aging, storage behavior of Ziziphus jujuba var spinosa seeds with MC of 15-80 g/kg was studied. The results showed that seeds with MC of 24-80 g/kg could maintain the stabilization in germination percentage, vigor, relative conductivity, and enzyme activities; and during the ageing the seed storability increased with the moisture content decreased to 24 g/kg. Thus, it was feasible for the seeds to be stored under the ultra-dried condition.展开更多
Genetic relationships between Ziziphus jujuba and Ziziphus spinosa populations were studied using RAPD data in population genetics. 275 loci were gained among which 249 loci were polymorphic by 22 primers. The polymor...Genetic relationships between Ziziphus jujuba and Ziziphus spinosa populations were studied using RAPD data in population genetics. 275 loci were gained among which 249 loci were polymorphic by 22 primers. The polymorphic loci percentage was 89% among Z.spinosa population while that of Z.jujuba population was 56%. 31 specific RAPD markers were detected on 3 Z.jujuba varieties and 15 Z.spinosa forms. Cluster analysis showed: when λ=12, the forms tested were divided into 2 groups. One included Z. jujuba cv. Zanhuangdazao, Yudichuangan, Yuanshichuangan, Xiaochuangan, Qiantai No.1, Luzhuangchuangan; the other included Z. jujuba cv. Zilingdan and 26 Z. spinosa forms. All above indicated that Z. jujuba and Z.spinosa should be regarded as two separate species.展开更多
The leaf anatomic structure of %Zizyphus jujuba% var. %spinosa% from seashore to western arid area (near 37° N latitude) of China were investigated with both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope....The leaf anatomic structure of %Zizyphus jujuba% var. %spinosa% from seashore to western arid area (near 37° N latitude) of China were investigated with both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that all provenances shared the following common features. The distribution of stomata was generally uniform on the abaxial surface, and the type of stomatal apparatus was mainly anomocytic. The upper epidermis was formed by one layer of cells with tight, regular arrangement, and the lower epidermis was also formed by one layer of cells, and the type of anticlinal cell wall on both the upper and on the lower epidermis was straight. In the contrast, there were some differences in the anatomic characteristics among the provenances. With the decrease of water content in the habitats, (1) the stomatas became smaller gradually, and the density of stomata increase gradually; (2) the cells of both the upper and the lower epidermis became smaller gradually; (3) thickness of the upper and the lower cuticle, as well as the thickness of leaf, increased gradually; (4) bifacial leaf changed to isobilateral leaf; (5) the proportion of palisade tissue increased gradually, whereas the spongy tissue decreased; (6) diameter of midrib vessels and of midrib vascular bundles increased gradually; (7) the epidermis ornament changed in an order of smoothness, strip, reticulation, and mountain-like that represented the leaf structural characteristics of xerophytes. The results also showed that the sequence of the drought resistance delicacy was thickness of upper cuticle>density of stomata in proximal surface, size of stomata in proximal surface (length/width), thickness of lower cuticle, thickness of palisade, and thickness of spongy>average length of stomata, average length/width of upper epidermis cells, thickness of leaf, value of CTR, thickness of upper epiderm cell, thickness of lower epidermic cell, layers of palisade>diameter of midrib vascular bundle, average width of stomata, the area of stomata in proximal surface, average length of lower epidermis cells, and average length/width of lower epidermis cells>average length/width of palisade tissue cell.展开更多
目的:观察酸枣仁-五味子药对醇水双提取物对PCPA所致失眠大鼠氨基酸类神经递质的影响,探讨其治疗失眠可能的作用机制。方法:腹腔注射PCPA诱导大鼠失眠模型,造模成功后,灌胃给药,1次/d,连续1 w。HE染色观察大鼠下丘脑病理变化,ELISA法测...目的:观察酸枣仁-五味子药对醇水双提取物对PCPA所致失眠大鼠氨基酸类神经递质的影响,探讨其治疗失眠可能的作用机制。方法:腹腔注射PCPA诱导大鼠失眠模型,造模成功后,灌胃给药,1次/d,连续1 w。HE染色观察大鼠下丘脑病理变化,ELISA法测定下丘脑中GABA、Glu含量,免疫组织化学法测定下丘脑中GABA和Glu蛋白的表达,RT-PCR法检测下丘脑中GABA A Rα1和GABA A Rγ2mRNA的表达。结果:与模型组比较,酸枣仁-五味子药对醇水双提物中、高剂量组不仅能显著提高GABA含量,升高GABA A Rα1和GABA A Rγ2mRNA表达,还能降低Glu水平。结论:酸枣仁-五味子药对具有较好的镇静催眠作用,其作用机制可能与调节下丘脑内氨基酸类神经递质的含量有关。展开更多
文摘以酸枣〔Ziziphus jujuba var.spinosa(Bunge)Hu ex H.F.Chow.〕19个种源地的211份样本为研究对象,对其表型性状(包括13个质量性状和29个数量性状)进行观测和变异分析,并采用巢式方差分析、相关性分析、主成分分析研究数量性状的变异来源、与地理气候因子的关系及能够反映酸枣表型特征的主要数量性状。结果表明:酸枣质量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为11.44%~55.21%和0.34~1.65;数量性状的变异系数和Shannon-Weaver多样性指数分别为4.57%~85.46%和0.24~2.09,极值比为1.67~14.06。陕西佳县、内蒙古元宝山和河北复兴种源的数量性状变异程度较高,辽宁喀左、陕西延川和河北赞皇种源的数量性状多样性丰富。酸枣数量性状种源间和种源内的方差分量比例均值分别为69.86%和14.88%,表型分化系数均值为0.82。叶长、叶形指数、可食率等12个数量性状与地理气候因子存在显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)相关性。主成分分析结果表明:前9个主成分的累计贡献率为79.74%,叶形指数、叶柄长度、叶柄宽度等17个数量性状可作为评价酸枣种质资源的表型性状。基于数量性状可将19个种源分为4个类群,类群Ⅰ主要特征为叶片小、果实和果核小、出核率高;类群Ⅱ主要特征为果实和果核大、可食率高;类群Ⅲ主要特征为叶片长、枣吊长、枣吊叶片数多;类群Ⅳ主要特征为二次枝长、直刺和弯刺短。综合上述研究结果,酸枣表型多样性丰富,种源间和种源内存在不同程度的变异,种源间变异是主要变异来源,不同种源酸枣可用于选育不同表型性状酸枣品种。
文摘To search for new and bioactive minor components from traditional Chinese medicines, a new compound, named jujuphenoside (1), was isolated from the seeds of Ziziphusjujuba var. spinosa (Bunge)Hu. The structure of jujuphenoside was elucidated by spectral and chemical methods, particularly twodimensional nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Together with the new compound, 22 known compounds were also isolated and identified from the seeds of Z. jujuba var. spinosa, among which, epiceanothic acid (2) was first obtained from natural resources, whereas compounds 7-16 were first obtained from this plant.
基金foundation projects and is supported by the National Key Project of Scientific and Technical Supporting Programs of China ( No.2006BAD09B06 and 2006BAD03A0308)the "948" Program of the Ministry of Water Resources of China( No. 200207)
文摘Using ultradry method and accelerated aging, storage behavior of Ziziphus jujuba var spinosa seeds with MC of 15-80 g/kg was studied. The results showed that seeds with MC of 24-80 g/kg could maintain the stabilization in germination percentage, vigor, relative conductivity, and enzyme activities; and during the ageing the seed storability increased with the moisture content decreased to 24 g/kg. Thus, it was feasible for the seeds to be stored under the ultra-dried condition.
文摘Genetic relationships between Ziziphus jujuba and Ziziphus spinosa populations were studied using RAPD data in population genetics. 275 loci were gained among which 249 loci were polymorphic by 22 primers. The polymorphic loci percentage was 89% among Z.spinosa population while that of Z.jujuba population was 56%. 31 specific RAPD markers were detected on 3 Z.jujuba varieties and 15 Z.spinosa forms. Cluster analysis showed: when λ=12, the forms tested were divided into 2 groups. One included Z. jujuba cv. Zanhuangdazao, Yudichuangan, Yuanshichuangan, Xiaochuangan, Qiantai No.1, Luzhuangchuangan; the other included Z. jujuba cv. Zilingdan and 26 Z. spinosa forms. All above indicated that Z. jujuba and Z.spinosa should be regarded as two separate species.
文摘The leaf anatomic structure of %Zizyphus jujuba% var. %spinosa% from seashore to western arid area (near 37° N latitude) of China were investigated with both a light microscope and a scanning electron microscope. The results showed that all provenances shared the following common features. The distribution of stomata was generally uniform on the abaxial surface, and the type of stomatal apparatus was mainly anomocytic. The upper epidermis was formed by one layer of cells with tight, regular arrangement, and the lower epidermis was also formed by one layer of cells, and the type of anticlinal cell wall on both the upper and on the lower epidermis was straight. In the contrast, there were some differences in the anatomic characteristics among the provenances. With the decrease of water content in the habitats, (1) the stomatas became smaller gradually, and the density of stomata increase gradually; (2) the cells of both the upper and the lower epidermis became smaller gradually; (3) thickness of the upper and the lower cuticle, as well as the thickness of leaf, increased gradually; (4) bifacial leaf changed to isobilateral leaf; (5) the proportion of palisade tissue increased gradually, whereas the spongy tissue decreased; (6) diameter of midrib vessels and of midrib vascular bundles increased gradually; (7) the epidermis ornament changed in an order of smoothness, strip, reticulation, and mountain-like that represented the leaf structural characteristics of xerophytes. The results also showed that the sequence of the drought resistance delicacy was thickness of upper cuticle>density of stomata in proximal surface, size of stomata in proximal surface (length/width), thickness of lower cuticle, thickness of palisade, and thickness of spongy>average length of stomata, average length/width of upper epidermis cells, thickness of leaf, value of CTR, thickness of upper epiderm cell, thickness of lower epidermic cell, layers of palisade>diameter of midrib vascular bundle, average width of stomata, the area of stomata in proximal surface, average length of lower epidermis cells, and average length/width of lower epidermis cells>average length/width of palisade tissue cell.
文摘目的:观察酸枣仁-五味子药对醇水双提取物对PCPA所致失眠大鼠氨基酸类神经递质的影响,探讨其治疗失眠可能的作用机制。方法:腹腔注射PCPA诱导大鼠失眠模型,造模成功后,灌胃给药,1次/d,连续1 w。HE染色观察大鼠下丘脑病理变化,ELISA法测定下丘脑中GABA、Glu含量,免疫组织化学法测定下丘脑中GABA和Glu蛋白的表达,RT-PCR法检测下丘脑中GABA A Rα1和GABA A Rγ2mRNA的表达。结果:与模型组比较,酸枣仁-五味子药对醇水双提物中、高剂量组不仅能显著提高GABA含量,升高GABA A Rα1和GABA A Rγ2mRNA表达,还能降低Glu水平。结论:酸枣仁-五味子药对具有较好的镇静催眠作用,其作用机制可能与调节下丘脑内氨基酸类神经递质的含量有关。
