研究了在加压和FeCl3/ZnCl2催化下,4-氯苯甲酰氯和苯发生Friedel-Crafts反应制备4-氯二苯甲酮的工艺。157.6 g苯、88.2 g 4-氯苯甲酰氯和1.3 g FeCl3/ZnCl2混合于1 L的高压釜中,在压力为(0.85～1.1)×106Pa、温度为175～185℃的条...研究了在加压和FeCl3/ZnCl2催化下,4-氯苯甲酰氯和苯发生Friedel-Crafts反应制备4-氯二苯甲酮的工艺。157.6 g苯、88.2 g 4-氯苯甲酰氯和1.3 g FeCl3/ZnCl2混合于1 L的高压釜中,在压力为(0.85～1.1)×106Pa、温度为175～185℃的条件下反应8 h,经纯化处理得到4-氯二甲苯酮93.1 g,摩尔收率为86.2%,w(4-氯二苯甲酮)=99.8%(HPLC)。探讨了压力、催化剂和投料比等对收率的影响。经过一次性投料4-氯苯甲酰氯175 kg的生产型中试验证,4-氯二苯甲酮摩尔收率为82.7%。展开更多
In this work, xylene removal from waste gas streams was investigated via catalytic oxidation over Pd/ carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts. Acti- vated carbon was obtained from pine cone chemically activate...In this work, xylene removal from waste gas streams was investigated via catalytic oxidation over Pd/ carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts. Acti- vated carbon was obtained from pine cone chemically activated using ZnC12 and modified by HaPO4. Natural zeolite of clinoptilolite was with HC1, while nano-ceria modified by acid treatment was synthesized via redox method. Mixed supports of carbon-zeolite and carbon- ceria were prepared and palladium was dispersed over them via impregnation method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray emission scanning electron diffraction （XRD）, field microscopy （FESEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area （BET）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and thermogravi- metric （TG） techniques. Characterization of nanocatalysts revealed a good morphology with an average particle size in a nano range, and confirmed the formation ofnano-ceria with an average crystallite size below 60 nm. BET analysis indicated a considerable surface area for catalysts （-1000 m^2·g^-1）. FTIR patterns demonstrated that the surface groups of synthesized catalysts are in good agreement with the patterns of materials applied in catalyst synthesis. The performance of catalysts was assessed in a low-pressure catalytic oxidation pilot in the temperature range of 100℃-250℃. According to the reaction data, the synthesized catalysts have been shown to be so advantageous in the removal of volatile organic compounds （VOCs）, represent- ing high catalytic performance of 98% for the abatement of xylene at 250℃. Furthermore, a reaction network is proposed for catalytic oxidation of xylene over nanocata- lysts.展开更多
The copolymerizations of ethylene with 1-hexene or 1-0ctene by using TiC14/MgCI2/THF catalysts modified with different metal halide additives （ZnCI2, SIC14, and the combined ZnC12-SiCl4） were investigated based on c...The copolymerizations of ethylene with 1-hexene or 1-0ctene by using TiC14/MgCI2/THF catalysts modified with different metal halide additives （ZnCI2, SIC14, and the combined ZnC12-SiCl4） were investigated based on catalytic activity and copolymer properties. It was found that the catalyst modified with mixed ZnC12-SiC14 revealed the highest activities for both ethylene/1-hexene and ethylene/1-0ctene copolymerization. The increase in activities was due to the formation of acidic sites by modifying the catalysts with Lewis acids. Based on the FTIR measurements, the characteristic C--O--C peaks of the catalysts modified with metal halide additives were slightly shifted to lower wavenumber when compared to the unmodified catalyst. This showed that the modified catalysts could generate more acid sites in the TiC14/MgC12/THF catalytic system leading to an increase in activities as well as comonomer insertion （as proven by IaC-NMR）. However, Lewis acid- modifications did not affect the microstructure of the copolymers obtained. By comparison on the properties of copolymers prepared with the unmodified catalyst, it was found that polymers with ZnC12 and/or SIC14 modification exhibited a slight decrease in melting temperature, crystallinity and density. It is suggested that these results were obtained based on the different amount of ct-olefins insertion, regardless of the types of Lewis acids and comonomer.展开更多
文摘研究了在加压和FeCl3/ZnCl2催化下,4-氯苯甲酰氯和苯发生Friedel-Crafts反应制备4-氯二苯甲酮的工艺。157.6 g苯、88.2 g 4-氯苯甲酰氯和1.3 g FeCl3/ZnCl2混合于1 L的高压釜中,在压力为(0.85～1.1)×106Pa、温度为175～185℃的条件下反应8 h,经纯化处理得到4-氯二甲苯酮93.1 g,摩尔收率为86.2%,w(4-氯二苯甲酮)=99.8%(HPLC)。探讨了压力、催化剂和投料比等对收率的影响。经过一次性投料4-氯苯甲酰氯175 kg的生产型中试验证,4-氯二苯甲酮摩尔收率为82.7%。
文摘In this work, xylene removal from waste gas streams was investigated via catalytic oxidation over Pd/ carbon-zeolite and Pd/carbon-CeO2 nanocatalysts. Acti- vated carbon was obtained from pine cone chemically activated using ZnC12 and modified by HaPO4. Natural zeolite of clinoptilolite was with HC1, while nano-ceria modified by acid treatment was synthesized via redox method. Mixed supports of carbon-zeolite and carbon- ceria were prepared and palladium was dispersed over them via impregnation method. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray emission scanning electron diffraction （XRD）, field microscopy （FESEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area （BET）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and thermogravi- metric （TG） techniques. Characterization of nanocatalysts revealed a good morphology with an average particle size in a nano range, and confirmed the formation ofnano-ceria with an average crystallite size below 60 nm. BET analysis indicated a considerable surface area for catalysts （-1000 m^2·g^-1）. FTIR patterns demonstrated that the surface groups of synthesized catalysts are in good agreement with the patterns of materials applied in catalyst synthesis. The performance of catalysts was assessed in a low-pressure catalytic oxidation pilot in the temperature range of 100℃-250℃. According to the reaction data, the synthesized catalysts have been shown to be so advantageous in the removal of volatile organic compounds （VOCs）, represent- ing high catalytic performance of 98% for the abatement of xylene at 250℃. Furthermore, a reaction network is proposed for catalytic oxidation of xylene over nanocata- lysts.
基金financially supported by the Dusadeepipat scholarship at Graduate school of Chulalongkorn Universitythe Thailand Research Fund(TRF)+1 种基金the Higher Education Promotion and National Research University Development(AM1088A)the office of the Higher Education Commission(CHE)
文摘The copolymerizations of ethylene with 1-hexene or 1-0ctene by using TiC14/MgCI2/THF catalysts modified with different metal halide additives （ZnCI2, SIC14, and the combined ZnC12-SiCl4） were investigated based on catalytic activity and copolymer properties. It was found that the catalyst modified with mixed ZnC12-SiC14 revealed the highest activities for both ethylene/1-hexene and ethylene/1-0ctene copolymerization. The increase in activities was due to the formation of acidic sites by modifying the catalysts with Lewis acids. Based on the FTIR measurements, the characteristic C--O--C peaks of the catalysts modified with metal halide additives were slightly shifted to lower wavenumber when compared to the unmodified catalyst. This showed that the modified catalysts could generate more acid sites in the TiC14/MgC12/THF catalytic system leading to an increase in activities as well as comonomer insertion （as proven by IaC-NMR）. However, Lewis acid- modifications did not affect the microstructure of the copolymers obtained. By comparison on the properties of copolymers prepared with the unmodified catalyst, it was found that polymers with ZnC12 and/or SIC14 modification exhibited a slight decrease in melting temperature, crystallinity and density. It is suggested that these results were obtained based on the different amount of ct-olefins insertion, regardless of the types of Lewis acids and comonomer.
