Background: Anesthetic agents are commonly utilized in the handling of non‐human primates for prevent the stress caused in physical exploration or physical restrain. For this reason, the objective of this work was to...Background: Anesthetic agents are commonly utilized in the handling of non‐human primates for prevent the stress caused in physical exploration or physical restrain. For this reason, the objective of this work was to describe the effect of age and dissociative anesthetics (ketamine and tiletamine), and their combinations with acepromazine, xylazine and zolazepam, on the physiological and blood biochemical parameters in Macaca mulatta. Methods: Eighty male Macaca mulatta were divided into four experimental groups depending on the anesthetic mixture applied. Each group of 20 males was divided into five sub‐groups according to age. Physiological parameters were recorded every five minutes during a 30‐minute period. A blood sample was drawn to analyze blood biochemistry. Results: Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in the physiological parameters between the ketamine‐acepromazine and ketamine‐xylazine groups compared to the control group. The analysis of blood biochemistry found significant differences by age and by anesthetic mixture among all groups. Conclusion: These findings contribute to standardizing this animal model in biological research.展开更多
The objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of tiletamine/zolazepam-xylazine-tramadol combination for miniature pigs. Fourteen Chinese experimental miniature pigs subjected to this study received 3....The objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of tiletamine/zolazepam-xylazine-tramadol combination for miniature pigs. Fourteen Chinese experimental miniature pigs subjected to this study received 3.5 mg tiletamine/zolazepam kg-1 bw, 1.32 mg xylazine kg-1 bw and 1.8 mg tramadol kg-1 bw intramuscularly, as a mixture of the drugs. Cardiopulmonary, biochemical and haematological parameters were recorded before drug administration and after anaesthesia. The combination of the compounds resulted in anaesthesia lasting about 87 min and a satisfactory immobilization for handling. Cardiopulmonary parameters were changed after administration, but there were within biologically acceptable limits. Biochemical and haematological values decreased after drug administration, however, they returned to the baseline at 24 h. At the doses described, tiletamine/zolazepam-xylazine-tramadol combination produced good immobilization in miniature pigs with minimal changes over time in cardiopulmonary, biochemical and haematological parameters.展开更多
目的利用气相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry,GC-QTOF-MS)鉴定药物辅助性犯罪案件样品中替来他明和唑拉西泮及其代谢物组分。方法取受害人尿样,经液液萃取后浓缩供GC-QTOF...目的利用气相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry,GC-QTOF-MS)鉴定药物辅助性犯罪案件样品中替来他明和唑拉西泮及其代谢物组分。方法取受害人尿样,经液液萃取后浓缩供GC-QTOF-MS检测。通过精确质量数的测定确认碎片离子的分子式,以鉴定相关物质。结果实际案件尿样中检出替来他明、唑拉西泮、3种替来他明代谢物和2种唑拉西泮代谢物。结论 GC-QTOF-MS提供丰富准确的碎片离子质量数信息,可用于药物辅助性犯罪案件中替来他明和唑拉西泮及其代谢物的定性鉴定。展开更多
The present study was conduct to compare different oral administration of medication to induce sedation in dogs. In the domestic dogs,the drugs of tiletamine-zolazepam and acepromazine (TZA) through oral administratio...The present study was conduct to compare different oral administration of medication to induce sedation in dogs. In the domestic dogs,the drugs of tiletamine-zolazepam and acepromazine (TZA) through oral administration were used to induce sedation in dogs. Three administration methods were in order directly feeding liquid drugs,encapsulated drugs and liquid drugs mixed with cooked gravy. In the domestic dogs (n = 6),the results showed that the time to sedation score of 4 (sternal recumbency,reluctant to stand) and the capture ratio of dogs in three administration methods were 23 ± 25 min and 83%,27 ± 20 min and 83%,56 ± 27 min and 100%. The time to sedation score of 5 (lateral recumbency,unable to maintain sternal recumbency) and the capture ratio of dogs in three administration methods were 53 ± 22 min and 67%,32 ± 20 min and 83%,730 ± 25 min and 100%,respectively. In the field dogs,17 of 27 dogs feed the TZA drug mixed with cooked gravy or packaged into aspic achieved sedation score of 4 and further successfully captured. In conclusion,the drugs of tiletamine-zolazepam and acepromazine (TZA) through oral administration could be safely and successfully captured the dog in field,and furthermore the palatability of drugs would apparently affect the capturing rates.展开更多
文摘Background: Anesthetic agents are commonly utilized in the handling of non‐human primates for prevent the stress caused in physical exploration or physical restrain. For this reason, the objective of this work was to describe the effect of age and dissociative anesthetics (ketamine and tiletamine), and their combinations with acepromazine, xylazine and zolazepam, on the physiological and blood biochemical parameters in Macaca mulatta. Methods: Eighty male Macaca mulatta were divided into four experimental groups depending on the anesthetic mixture applied. Each group of 20 males was divided into five sub‐groups according to age. Physiological parameters were recorded every five minutes during a 30‐minute period. A blood sample was drawn to analyze blood biochemistry. Results: Statistical analyses revealed significant differences in the physiological parameters between the ketamine‐acepromazine and ketamine‐xylazine groups compared to the control group. The analysis of blood biochemistry found significant differences by age and by anesthetic mixture among all groups. Conclusion: These findings contribute to standardizing this animal model in biological research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30671552 and 30972227)
文摘The objective of this study was to investigate the suitability of tiletamine/zolazepam-xylazine-tramadol combination for miniature pigs. Fourteen Chinese experimental miniature pigs subjected to this study received 3.5 mg tiletamine/zolazepam kg-1 bw, 1.32 mg xylazine kg-1 bw and 1.8 mg tramadol kg-1 bw intramuscularly, as a mixture of the drugs. Cardiopulmonary, biochemical and haematological parameters were recorded before drug administration and after anaesthesia. The combination of the compounds resulted in anaesthesia lasting about 87 min and a satisfactory immobilization for handling. Cardiopulmonary parameters were changed after administration, but there were within biologically acceptable limits. Biochemical and haematological values decreased after drug administration, however, they returned to the baseline at 24 h. At the doses described, tiletamine/zolazepam-xylazine-tramadol combination produced good immobilization in miniature pigs with minimal changes over time in cardiopulmonary, biochemical and haematological parameters.
文摘目的利用气相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(gas chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry,GC-QTOF-MS)鉴定药物辅助性犯罪案件样品中替来他明和唑拉西泮及其代谢物组分。方法取受害人尿样,经液液萃取后浓缩供GC-QTOF-MS检测。通过精确质量数的测定确认碎片离子的分子式,以鉴定相关物质。结果实际案件尿样中检出替来他明、唑拉西泮、3种替来他明代谢物和2种唑拉西泮代谢物。结论 GC-QTOF-MS提供丰富准确的碎片离子质量数信息,可用于药物辅助性犯罪案件中替来他明和唑拉西泮及其代谢物的定性鉴定。
文摘The present study was conduct to compare different oral administration of medication to induce sedation in dogs. In the domestic dogs,the drugs of tiletamine-zolazepam and acepromazine (TZA) through oral administration were used to induce sedation in dogs. Three administration methods were in order directly feeding liquid drugs,encapsulated drugs and liquid drugs mixed with cooked gravy. In the domestic dogs (n = 6),the results showed that the time to sedation score of 4 (sternal recumbency,reluctant to stand) and the capture ratio of dogs in three administration methods were 23 ± 25 min and 83%,27 ± 20 min and 83%,56 ± 27 min and 100%. The time to sedation score of 5 (lateral recumbency,unable to maintain sternal recumbency) and the capture ratio of dogs in three administration methods were 53 ± 22 min and 67%,32 ± 20 min and 83%,730 ± 25 min and 100%,respectively. In the field dogs,17 of 27 dogs feed the TZA drug mixed with cooked gravy or packaged into aspic achieved sedation score of 4 and further successfully captured. In conclusion,the drugs of tiletamine-zolazepam and acepromazine (TZA) through oral administration could be safely and successfully captured the dog in field,and furthermore the palatability of drugs would apparently affect the capturing rates.
