Removal of dolomite and potassium feldspar from apatite using simultaneous flotation with a mixed cationic-anionic collector

This study aims to investigate the effect of a cationic-anionic mixed collector(dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide/sodium oleate(DTAB/NaOL)on the selective separation of apatite,dolomite,and potassium feldspar.Herein,several experimental methods,including flotation experiments,zeta-potential detection,microcalorimetry detection,XPS analysis and FTIR measurements,were used.The flotation tests showed that dolomite and potassium feldspar can be successfully removed from apatite simultaneously when the molar ratio of DTAB to NaOL was 2:1 with pH 4.5.Zeta-potential and microcalorimetry detection suggested that NaOL and DTAB were adsorbed on the surface of dolomite and potassium feldspar respectively,and part of NaOL and DTAB formed co-adsorption on the surface of potassium feldspar to enhance the floatability of potassium feldspar.The XPS and FTIR spectra analysis demonstrated that the cationic collector,DTAB,was first adsorbed on the surface of potassium feldspar through electrostatic attraction in the DTAB/NaOL mixture system.Subsequently,the anionic NaOL collector and cationic DTAB collector form an electron neutralisation complex,thereby resulting in co-adsorption on the surface of potassium feldspar.NaOL was chemically reacted and adsorbed on dolomite surface,but almost no collector was adsorbed on apatite surface.Finally,the adsorption models of different collectors on mineral surface were obtained.

An in situ ATR-FTIR study of mixed collectors BHA/DDA adsorption in ilmenite-titanaugite flotation system

This paper researched the enhanced flotation separation performance of ilmenite and titanaugite using the mixed collector benzhydroxamic acid/dodecylamine(BHA/DDA).The interface assembly mechanism was mainly investigated through in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared(ATRFTIR)spectroscopy combined with the two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy(2D-COS)and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).It has been found that BHA/DDA mixed collectors successfully separate ilmenite from titanaugite at a molar ratio of 8:1.Zeta potential experiments suggested that,in the presence of mixed collector system,the BHA-DDA complex adsorbed on the ilmenite surface via the chemically adsorbed BHA and the electrostatically adsorbed DDA,however,the complex adsorbed on the surface of titanaugite unstably.According to in situ ATR-FTIR combined with 2D-COS and XPS results,the interface assembly mechanism of BHA/DDA is summarized as:the function group of BHA molecules first binds to the metal sites on minerals to form bidentate ligand,then DDA co-adsorbed with BHA on the surface of minerals through hydrogen bonding.DDA may change the adsorption modes of some BHA on the ilmenite surface from four-membered ring to five-membered ring,while the modes on the titanaugite surface is true opposite.Finally,recommended adsorption configurations of the BHA/DDA complex on the two mineral surfaces are proposed.

Study on Mixing Power and Mathematics Model of Flotation Cell

The mixing mechanism of flotation cells is studied, and the mathematics model for mixing power is established. The model can be used to calculate the power consumption of the whole mechanism, as well as the power composition of each individual part. The power magnitude and the ratio between the macroscopic convection diffusion and the turbuleut diffusion, which are closely related to the performance of a cell, are also analyzed.

CFD simulation of single-phase flow in flotation cells:Effect of impeller blade shape,clearance,and Reynolds number

A series of numerical simulations of turbulent single-phase flows are performed to understand the flow and mixing characteristics in a laboratory scale flotation tank.Four impeller blade shapes covering a wide range of surface areas and lip lengths are considered to highlight and contrast the flow behavior predicted in the impeller stream.The mean flow close to the impeller is fully characterized by considering velocity components along the axial direction at different radial locations.Normalized results suggest the development of a comparatively stronger axial velocity component for a blade design with the smallest lip length,called big-tip impeller here.Normalized turbulent kinetic energy profiles close to the impeller reveal the existence of an asymmetric trailing vortex pair.The highest turbulence kinetic energy dissipation rates are observed close to the impeller blades and stator walls where the radial jet strikes the stator walls periodically.Furthermore,liquid phase mixing in the flotation cell is studied using transient scalar tracing simulations providing mixing time data.Finally,pumping capacity and efficiency of different impeller designs are calculated based on which the impeller blade design with a rectangular blade design is found to perform most efficiently.

STUDY ON MECHANISM OF MIXED COLLECTORS IN SEPARATION OF FELDSPAR AND QUARTZ

Acidless and fluoless flotation is a new method for sepa-rating feldspar from quartz at the natural pH value of tap water in the ab-sence of any acid and fluoride and other inorganic reagents. The paper discusses the mechanism of mixed collectors in separation of feldspar and quartz by means of mono-mineral flotation experiment, determination of surface-tension, analisis of fluorescence, infrared spectrum, Auger elec-tron sepectrum , and quantum chemistry calculation.

Flow of gas-liquid-solid system and its application in packed flotation column

A packed flotation column, which is packed with multiple board ripple packings, was described. Based on comprehensive steady state models, chemical reactor developed previously in chemical engineering subjects, have been extended to packed flotation column for mineral separation. The experimental results verify that tanks in series model is better than axially dispersed plug flow model to describe flow pattern in the collection zone of column by RTD (residence time distribution), and the error of experimental data and calculated data of both models are 0.07% ～ 0.1% and 0.18% ～ 0.45% respectively. And, RTD of gas phase was also considered, results also show that gas in the whole column appears plug flow. The cleaning process through adding wash water in froth zone of column was described, and the effect of superficial air velocity and superficial wash water velocity on the cleaning action of froth zone were discussed. Flotation experiment for single column was conducted for phosphate ores. The recovery for P 2O 5 was 85.8%, and the grade was 26.8%.

内蒙古某含碳高硫锌锡矿石选矿试验研究

内蒙古某含碳高硫锌锡矿石锌品位1.02%、锡品位0.86%,硫和碳含量分别为14.02%、1.68%。矿石矿物组成较复杂,主要有用矿物为闪锌矿、锡石和黄铁矿,脉石矿物主要为石英、绿泥石和绢云母等。为确定矿石合理的开发利用工艺,采用预先脱碳—浮重联合工艺流程开展选矿试验研究。结果表明,矿石经预先脱碳、1粗1扫1精锌硫混选、1粗1扫3精锌硫分离浮选流程处理,闭路试验可得到Zn品位为45.16%、Zn回收率为71.19%的锌精矿,S品位为46.92%、S回收率81.91%的硫精矿;浮选尾矿采用摇床重选,经粗选、精选、复选和中矿再选,可获得Sn品位45.52%、Sn回收率81.99%的锡精矿,以及Sn品位3.13%、Sn回收率11.09%的锡中矿。所设计试验流程较好地解决了矿石中有机碳对浮选的不利影响,综合回收了有价矿物,可为同类矿石的开发利用提供理论借鉴。

分子动力学模拟在矿物浮选中的研究进展

浮选药剂是实现矿物选择性分离的关键,尤其是组合药剂在矿物浮选中应用广泛。药剂性能的发挥与其在三相界面的微观吸附结构及组装行为密切相关,从微观层面探索药剂的作用机制成为近年来的研究热点。随着高性能计算的飞速发展,分子动力学模拟逐渐成为研究矿物浮选行为的有利工具。本文以硅酸盐矿物浮选体系为例,论述近年来组合捕收剂在硅酸盐浮选分离中的应用,阐述研究者对药剂在水溶液体系、气-水界面及矿物-水界面的分子动力学模拟研究进展,指出目前模拟研究中存在的问题,并对分子动力学在矿物浮选中的应用发展前景进行展望。

河南某含金银硫化铜矿选矿试验研究

对河南某含金银硫化铜矿开展了工艺矿物学和选矿试验研究。结果表明:矿石中主要有用元素铜含量为0.82%,伴生的有益组分为硫、金和银,主要有用金属矿物为黄铜矿、辉铜矿和黄铁矿,脉石矿物主要为石英。试验以新型药剂TB1021为铜硫分离捕收剂,采用混合浮选—铜硫分离工艺获得铜精矿和硫精矿,硫精矿再经摇床重选回收部分微细粒铜精矿。混合浮选采用丁基黄药和丁铵黑药组合捕收剂,总药剂用量为120 g/t,采用一粗两精三扫工艺流程;铜硫分离浮选采用新型捕收剂TB1021,采用一粗三精三扫工艺流程。最终获得铜品位为15.21%、铜回收率为80.13%,金品位为3.02 g/t、金回收率为66.51%,银品位为160.43 g/t、银回收率为41.82%的铜精矿,以及硫品位为49.13%、回收率为54.34%的硫精矿。

云南某贫细硫化铜矿石选矿工艺优化研究

云南某低品位细粒嵌布的铜矿石铜、硫品位分别为0.161%和9.704%,有价铜矿物嵌布粒度细,铜硫分离富集难度较大。为实现该硫化铜矿石资源的高效开发利用,在选厂原选矿流程及原矿工艺矿物学研究基础上,进行了系统的磨浮试验。结果表明:矿石采用磨矿—1粗2扫铜硫混合浮选—混浮粗精矿再磨—1粗3精2扫铜硫分离浮选闭路流程处理,可获得铜品位14.69%、铜回收率63.15%的铜精矿,硫品位29.16%、硫回收率75.10%的硫精矿,试验铜精矿品位较现场提高近3个百分点,铜回收率提高15个百分点以上,显著优于现场生产指标,达到了理想的综合回收铜硫效果。研究结果可作为工艺流程优化的依据。

十二醇对黑龙关难浮煤泥浮选的强化作用研究

为提高难浮煤泥的精煤回收率,以黑龙关煤泥为研究对象,选用正癸醇、十二醇、十四醇三种长链脂肪醇,采用直接添加和与煤油复配的方式,进行了浮选试验。借助接触角、XPS、润湿热,分析了长链脂肪醇的作用机理。结果表明,无论是单独添加还是配制成复合捕收剂,十二醇的浮选效果最好,复配可以节省药剂用量。在捕收剂用量2 kg/t时,与煤油相比,15%比例复配药剂可将精煤产率提高23.89%,尾煤灰分提高9.53%,可燃体回收率提高28.23%。此外,十二醇处理过的煤泥接触角增加12.44°,润湿热降低5.37 J/g,亲水基团O—C=O含量降低3.25%。十二醇通过降低煤粒亲水性官能团含量,提高煤粒表面疏水性,十二醇复配药剂通过十二醇极性成分和煤油非极性成分的协同作用增大煤表面疏水面积提高浮选效果。

HYIC捕收剂强化鞍千混合磁选精矿反浮选效果试验

鞍千选矿厂为了优化选别工艺中的反浮选效果,取浮选入选的混合磁选精矿进行浮选试验,进行了抑制剂、活化剂、捕收剂用量及常规捕收剂TD-Ⅱ与新型捕收剂HYIC浮选效果对比试验。试验结果表明:固定矿浆pH值为11.5、抑制剂淀粉用量1200 g/t、活化剂CaO用量500 g/t、粗选捕收剂用量800 g/t、精选捕收剂用量300 g/t,采用常规捕收剂TD-Ⅱ时,闭路试验获得了精矿铁品位68.20%、铁回收率88.73%的选别指标;采用新型捕收剂HYIC时,闭路试验获得了精矿铁品位68.25%、铁回收率90.04%的选别指标;使用捕收剂HYIC比采用捕收剂TD-Ⅱ所获得的浮选精矿产率、铁品位、铁回收率分别高0.91,0.05,1.31个百分点,捕收剂HYIC可以强化反浮选效果,提高选厂的经济效益。

某低品位铅锌铜多金属硫化矿富集与分离试验研究

云南某低品位铅锌铜多金属硫化矿铅品位0.61%、锌品位3.28%、铜品位0.25%,伴生Au、Ag品位分别为0.09、18.04 g/t。矿石嵌布粒度较细,共生关系复杂。为高效开发利用该低品位矿石,进行了系统的浮选试验。结果表明:矿石采用铜铅混合浮选—铜铅分离—锌浮选工艺处理,获得了铜品位21.97%、铜回收率80.85%、金品位1.60 g/t、银品位189.00 g/t、铅品位1.80%的铜精矿,铅品位76.22%、铅回收率88.72%、金品位0.75 g/t、银品位1433.00 g/t、铜品位1.87%的铅精矿,锌品位52.18%、锌回收率93.03%的锌精矿,主要有价成分铅、锌、铜的分离与富集效果较好,金、银一定程度富集在铜精矿、铅精矿中;铜精矿锌含量偏高与黄铜矿、闪锌矿间的嵌布关系异常密切有关;原矿Au、Ag品位低,且在矿石中分散程度高是造成金银综合回收指标偏低的原因。

某石英砂浮选降铁工艺及机理研究

对某石英砂沉降脱泥洗矿后浮选除铁工艺进行研究,考察调浆酸种类、矿浆pH值、调浆时间、捕收剂用量、浮选矿浆浓度等条件对石英砂精矿中铁含量的影响。结果表明:捕收剂采用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)反浮选脱除该石英砂中赤铁矿可以达到降铁的目的;浮选降铁较优的工艺条件为,石英砂原矿经脱泥后分级,106~450μm粒级的石英砂入浮,盐酸调节矿浆pH值至3、调浆时间2 min、浮选矿浆浓度20%、捕收剂SDS用量400 g/t、起泡剂松油醇用量25 g/t。最终可获得SiO2含量达98.84%、Fe2O3含量仅0.022%的石英砂精矿,满足无色玻璃工业的入料要求。此外,通过动电位测试发现,矿浆pH值约为3时处于石英和赤铁矿的等电点中间位置,此时捕收剂阴离子会选择性地作用于赤铁矿表面,从机理上初步解释了该pH值条件下赤铁矿得到较好脱除的原因。

氰化尾渣综合回收试验研究

辽宁某氰化尾渣金品位2.01 g/t,银品位36.23 g/t,铜、铅、锌品位分别为0.33%、1.91%、3.01%。针对该氰化尾渣进行铜铅锌混合浮选试验及优先选铅—尾矿选锌浮选试验。铜铅锌混合浮选试验可获得金品位13.72 g/t、银品位281.70 g/t、铜品位3.63%、铅品位16.01%、锌品位36.92%,金、银、铜、铅、锌回收率分别为50.09%、57.22%、80.69%、61.33%、90.88%的混合精矿;优先选铅—尾矿选锌浮选试验可获得铅品位48.95%、铅回收率52.29%的铅精矿,锌品位43.21%、锌回收率89.45%的锌精矿,铅精矿中金、银、铜品位分别为54.02 g/t、891.42 g/t、5.92%,锌精矿中金、银、铜品位分别为2.43 g/t、134.79 g/t、2.19%,总金、总银、总铜回收率分别为62.39%、73.43%、77.76%。选别指标良好,为该类氰化尾渣资源的综合回收利用提供了参考依据。

辽宁某含金银铜硫矿选矿试验研究

辽宁某含金银铜硫矿石中主要硫化矿物为黄铁矿和黄铜矿,二者粒度粗细不均,且密切共生,金银均以微细粒为主。采用铜硫混选—混合精矿再磨—铜硫分离的试验流程进行试验,在一段磨矿细度-0.074 mm矿物含量占59.7%,再磨细度-0.074mm矿物含量占96.9%,铜硫混合浮选以碳酸钠为pH调整剂、丁基黄药为捕收剂,铜硫分离以石灰为抑制剂,乙基黄药为捕收剂。获得铜精矿铜品位为27.52%、铜回收率为83.46%,铜、硫精矿硫品位分别为38.48%和49.62%,铜、硫精矿硫回收率分别为13.89%和80.98%,硫总回收率为94.87%;铜精矿中伴生金、银回收率分别为50.70%和53.78%的效果。实现了铜硫分离与回收及伴生元素金、银的有效回收。

刚果金某含碳硫氧混合铜矿石浮选试验

刚果金某含碳硫氧混合铜矿铜品位1.27%,矿石氧化率25.98%,选别过程中存在药剂消耗量高、易泥化、选别指标低等问题。为实现该混合铜矿资源的高效利用,对其开展浮选试验研究。研究结果表明:在硫氢化钠用量为460 g/t、丁基黄药用量为190 g/t、Z200用量为120 g/t、2号油用量为180 g/t的条件下,采用两粗两扫三精的混合浮选工艺流程,可获得铜品位17.10%、铜回收率80.76%的铜精矿。

某多金属矿工艺选别流程的确定

某多金属矿经过两种选矿试验流程(“全优先浮选流程”和“铜铅混合浮选—混合精矿铜铅分离—铜铅混选尾矿浮选锌”)均取得了较好的产品指标。从工程设计的角度对两种试验流程进行对比,从精矿指标、尾矿指标、主要设备选型、药剂消耗量、综合成本等多方面因素来说明两种浮选流程的优缺点。最终在此次可行性研究的设计过程中,采用了更为经济可靠的部分混合浮选流程。

浮选柱在四川某难选铜镍硫化矿中的试验研究与应用

使用浮选柱替代传统浮选机在铜镍混合浮选工艺中提高镍精矿品位的可行性。研究表明,对Ni品位为2.37%,Cu品位为0.63%的某铜镍粗精矿进行混合精选试验,经过浮选柱一段选别,取得了混合精矿Ni品位为8.55%,Cu品位为3.56%的选矿指标;同比试验浮选机,浮选柱一段混合精选,作业回收率与浮选机基本持平的情况下,精矿镍品位提高了3.1个百分点,铜品位提高了1.46个百分点。

甘肃某金矿选矿试验研究

针对甘肃某金矿进行了浮选试验。试验采用碳酸钠为调整剂,硫酸铜为活化剂,丁基黄药+丁铵黑药为混合捕收剂,2号油为起泡剂,经过两次粗选、两次扫选、三次精选闭路试验,可获得金品位为251.27 g/t、金回收率为96.67%的精矿产品。该技术指标优异,为该类型金矿的选别提供技术依据。