Harmonic detection an AC excited generation system based on in-phase correlation filtering

The paper reports results of investigation on the harmonic detection technique of a complicated power supply system such as an AC excited generation system, which has a variable fundamental frequency and low order harmonics with rich sub-harmonics whose frequencies are lower than the fundamental one. The in-phase correlation filtering technique, based on the frequency shifting principle, is proposed in this paper.Theoretical analysis and experimental results validate the effectiveness of this technique for the harmonic detections of AC excited generation systems.

Role of excited states in the elliptically polarized harmonic generation

We theoretically investigate the contribution of the excited state to the ellipticity of the harmonics from H＋ at different orientation angles irradiated by a linearly polarized laser pulse. It is found that the first excited state has a significant influence to the ellipticity of the harmonics, and the contribution of higher excited states to the ellipticity can be neglected. Moreover, the conclusion is not dependent on the laser intensity.

Excited state refraction of C_(70)/toluene studied by using 4f coherent imaging system with phase object

Dynamic nonlinearities of C70/toluene solution are measured and analysed by an improved picosecond timeresolved pump-probe system based on a nonlinear imaging technique with phase object. The photophysical parameters are determined by the five-level model, which is adopted to interpret the experimental data. The change of refraction index per unit density of the excited state obtained by a numerically simulation is a critical factor to determine the nonlinear behaviour of C70 in picosecond time regime.

Generation Model of Particle Physics with Excited Rishon States

It is proposed that the Generation Model (GM) of particle physics, which describes the elementary particles, the six leptons, the six quarks and the three weak bosons, of the Standard Model (SM) as composite particles in terms of three kinds of rishons and their antiparticles may be mimicking a simpler model, employing only two kinds of rishons and their antiparticles.

Role of excited states in helium-like ions on high-order harmonic generation

We theoretically investigate high-order harmonic generation(HHG) of helium(He), lithium cation(Li+), and beryllium dication(Be2+) using the time-dependent Hartree–Fock method to solve the three-dimensional time-dependent Schr ¨odinger equation. It is found that the intensity of the HHG increases significantly from a certain harmonic order below the ionization threshold, and the initial position of the enhancement does not depend on the intensity or the wavelength of the driving laser field. Further analysis shows that excited states play an important role on this enhancement,consistent with the excited-state tunneling mechanism [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116 123901(2016)]. Our results unambiguously show that excited-state tunneling is essential for understanding the enhancement of HHG. Accordingly, a four-step model is herein proposed to illustrate the multiphoton excitation effect in helium-like ions, which enriches the physics of HHG enhancement.

MULTIPHOTON MICROSCOPIC IMAGING OF MOUSE INTESTINAL MUCOSA BASED ON TWO-PHOTON EXCITED FLUORESCENCE AND SECOND HARMONIC GENERATION

Multiphoton microscopy(MPM),based on two-photon excited fuorescence and second harmonic generation,enables direct noninvasive visualization of tissue architecture and cell morphology in live tissues without the administration of exogenous contrast agents.In this paper,we used MPM to image the microstructures of the mucosa in fresh,unfixed,and unstained intestinal tissue of mouse.The morphology and distribution of the main components in mucosa layer such as columnar cells,goblet cells,intestinal glands,and a little collagen fibers were clearly observed in MPM images,and then compared with standard H&:E images from paired specimens.Our results indicate that MPM combined with endoscopy and miniaturization probes has the potential application in the clinical diagnosis and in vivo monitoring of early intestinal cancer.

Gas generation from coal: taking Jurassic coal in the Minhe Basin as an example

The gas generation features of coals at different maturities were studied by the anhydrous pyrolysis of Jurassic coal from the Minhe Basin in sealed gold tubes at 50 MPa.The gas component yields(C1,C2,C3,i-C4,n-C4,i-C5,n-C5,and CO2);theδ13C of C1,C2,C3,and CO2;and the mass of the liquid hydrocarbons(C6+)were measured.On the basis of these data,the stage changes ofδ13C1,δ13C2,δ13C3,andδ13CO2 were calculated.The diagrams ofδ13C1–δ13C2 vs ln(C1/C2)andδ13C2–δ13C1 vsδ13C3–δ13C2 were used to evaluate the gas generation features of the coal maturity stages.At the high maturity evolution stage(T>527.6°C at 2°C/h),the stage change ofδ13C1 and the CH4 yield are much higher than that of CO2,suggesting that high maturity coal could still generate methane.When T<455°C,CO2 is generated by breaking bonds between carbons and heteroatoms.The reaction between different sources of coke and water may be the reason for the complicated stage change inδ13CCO2 when the temperature was higher than 455°C.With increasing pyrolysis temperature,δ13C1–δ13C2 vs ln(C1/C2)has four evolution stages corresponding to the early stage of breaking bonds between carbon and hetero atoms,the later stage of breaking bonds between carbon and hetero atoms,the cracking of C6+and coal demethylation,and the cracking of C2–5.Theδ13C2–δ13C1 vsδ13C3–δ13C2 has three evolution stages corresponding to the breaking bonds between carbon and hetero atoms,demethylation and cracking of C6+,and cracking of C2–5.

Optical second-harmonic generation imaging for identifying gastrointestinal stromal tumors

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GISTs)are the most common mesenchymal tumors arising in the digest tract.It brings a challenge to diagnosis because it is asymptomatic clinically.It is well known that tumor development is often accompanied by the changes in the morphology of collagen fibers.Nowadays,an emerging optical imaging technique,second-harmonic generation(SHG),can directly identify collagen fibers without staining due to its noncentrosymmetric properties.Therefore,in this study,we attempt to assess the feasibility of SHG imaging for detecting GISTs by monitoring the morphological changes of collagen fibers in tumor microenvironment.We found that collagen alterations occurred obviously in the GISTs by comparing with normal tissues,and furthermore,two morphological features from SHG images were extracted to quantitatively assess the morphological difference of collagen fibers between normal muscular layer and GISTs by means of automated image analysis.Quantitative analyses show a significant difference in the two collagen features.This study demonstrates the potential of SHG imaging as an adjunctive diagnostic tool for label-free identification of GISTs.

Multi-photon resonance enhanced super high-order harmonic generation

This paper proposes highly charged ions pumped by intense laser to produce very high order harmonics. Numerical simulations and full quantum theory of Ne^9＋ ions driven by laser pulses at 1064 nm in the power range of 109 W/cm^2 1015 W/cm^2 show that the emission spectrum corresponds to the electronic transitions from the excited states to the ground state, which is very different from the spectrum of general high-order harmonic generation. In such situation, harmonic order as high as 1000 can be obtained without producing lower order harmonics and the energy conversion efficiency is close to general high order harmonic generation of hydrogen atom in the same laser field.

Exploration of magnetic field generation of H_(3)^(2+)by direct ionization and coherent resonant excitation

Coherent electronic dynamics are of great significance in photo-induced processes and molecular magnetism.We theoretically investigate electronic dynamics of triatomic molecule H_(3)^(2+) by circularly polarized pulses,including electron density distributions,induced electronic currents,and ultrafast magnetic field generation.By comparing the results of the coherent resonant excitation and direct ionization,we found that for the coherent resonant excitation,the electron is localized and the coherent electron wave packet moves periodically between three protons,which can be attributed to the coherent superposition of the ground A′state and excited E+state.Whereas,for the direct single-photon ionization,the induced electronic currents mainly come from the free electron in the continuum state.It is found that there are differences in the intensity,phase,and frequency of the induced current and the generated magnetic field.The scheme allows one to control the induced electronic current and the ultrafast magnetic field generation.

A Study on Emotional Design for Vitamin C Dietary Supplements(Chinese Market,Generation Z Consumers)

China,recognized as the world’s largest developing nation,displays considerably lower per capita consumption of dietary supplements in comparison to Asian nations such as Japan and South Korea.However,in recent years,there has been a substantial surge in health consciousness among the Chinese populace.This trend is not confined to the middle-aged and elderly;even younger consumer demographics are exhibiting increased health awareness.Consequently,the target demographic for dietary supplements is transitioning towards a younger demographic.Within the Chinese dietary supplement industry,vitamin C has consistently held the largest market share,commanding a broad consumer base.This underscores the substantial role of vitamin C in the dietary supplement sector.In response to the trend towards a younger target demographic in the dietary supplement industry,adjustments are required to accommodate the preferences of this younger consumer group.This research,guided by Norman’s emotional design framework,executed a survey of over 200 respondents to investigate the preferences of Generation Z consumers in China.The research encompassed packaging,product forms,and brand imagery,corresponding to the emotional design’s visceral,behavioral,and reflective layers,with a primary focus on optimally meeting the emotional needs of Generation Z.The findings indicated that consumers favor products in capsule form,packaged in zip-lock.The predominant color scheme is clean white,accented by vibrant orange elements,while emphasizing the product’s health and scientific attributes.This study offers valuable insights for the continued evolution of the vitamin C dietary supplement market in China.

Granulocyte Colony—Stimulating Factor Multiplies Normal Blood ROS Generation at Less than 1 µg/l

Background: The neutrophils (PMN) are our main blood cells to combat fungi, bacteria, and fibrin. For normal function, an activated PMN generates a certain concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS). If the generated blood ROS concentration is too low, then fungi, bacteria or fibrin might threaten the life of the patient, and it could be of great medical interest to stimulate PMN by physiologic drugs. Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) is a cell hormone that increases the cell number of PMN and that stimulates the individual PMN. The blood ROS generation assay (BRGA) is an innovative physiologic test to monitor the ROS generation of PMN in blood. Here the ROS generating action of G-CSF on normal PMN is quantified. Material and Methods: 40 &mu;l 0 - 10.3 ng/ml (final conc.) G-CSF (in 5% human albumin) in black Brand? 781608 high quality polystyrene F-microwells was incubated in triplicate with 125 &mu;l Hanks’ balanced salt solution (HBSS;modified without phenol red) and 10 μl normal citrated blood. Immediately (BRGA) or after 60 min (BRGA-60-) 10 &mu;l 5 mM luminol sodium salt in 0.9% NaCl and 10 &mu;l 0 or 36 &mu;g/ml zymosan A in 0.9% NaCl was added. The photons were counted within 0 - 318 min (37&deg;C) in a photons-multiplying microtiter plate luminometer. At about 0.5 t-maxn (0.5 fold the time to normal maximum) the approx. SC200 of G-CSF was determined. Results and Discussion: The approx. SC200 of G-CSF on normal blood ROS generation was 0.2 μg/l (=20 IU/ml). In clinical situations where an increased blood ROS generation is pharmacologically required, few micrograms of G-CSF could be a sufficient dosage for an adult patient. The BRGA helps to find out the correct stimulating G-CSF dosage for each individual. An enhanced PMN function could favor a better clinical outcome in situations of wanted increase of the innate immunology or in cellular fibrinolysis. G-CSF plasma concentrations of 0.1 - 1 &mu;g/l might favor singlet oxygen generation without immunosuppression or cell fragment-induced thrombin generation.

C波段横向激励薄膜体声波谐振器设计与制备

针对未来移动通信对射频前端器件提出的多频率、高集成新要求,开展了兼具声表面波(SAW)谐振器和薄膜体声波谐振器(FBAR)技术特点的新型横向激励兰姆波谐振器研究。该文介绍了基于c轴择优取向氮化铝(AlN)压电薄膜的C波段横向激励薄膜体声波谐振器(XBAR)的结构设计、参数优化和制备方法,并进行了工艺验证。通过剥离和刻蚀等步骤制备了谐振频率4.464 GHz、品质因数3039、品质因数与频率之积(f×Q)达到1.56×10^(13)GHz、面积小于0.12 mm^(2)的低杂波XBAR谐振器,并仿真分析了其用于射频滤波器的可行性。该研究为进一步研制多频率、高集成的小型化XBAR滤波器组件提供了有效的设计技术和工艺技术支撑。

偏头痛模型大鼠三叉神经脊束核神经元兴奋性增高及蛋白激酶Cε膜转位增加

目的:探讨蛋白激酶Cε(protein kinase Cε,PKCε)对偏头痛中枢敏感化大鼠三叉神经脊束核神经元兴奋性的影响。方法:实验选取200～250 g雄性SD大鼠共60只;随机均分为正常组(N组)、假手术组(C组)、偏头痛模型组(M组)、氯仿组(L组)和PKCε抑制剂H-7组(H-7组),每组大鼠12只。进行三叉神经脊束核神经元放电记录和PKCε膜转位水平检测。结果:(1)放电频率变化百分比:造模后,三叉神经脊束核细胞外放电频率增加,造模后2 h为造模前的(325.88±47.32)%;M放电频率变化百分比高于N组和C组。L组放电频率变化百分比与M相比,差异无统计学意义;H-7组放电频率变化百分比低于M和L组。(2)膜转位水平:M组、L组PKCε膜转位水平高于N组和C组;L组与M组相比,PKCε膜转位水平无明显变化;H-7组膜转位水平低于其余四组。结论:偏头痛中枢敏感化过程中,三叉神经脊束核神经元兴奋性和PKCε膜转位增加,PKCε抑制剂H-7能减少神经元兴奋性和PKCε膜转位,说明PKCε可能参与大鼠偏头痛中枢敏感化的形成。

交流励磁调速水轮发电机负荷的优化调节

为了充分利用交流励磁水轮发电机的调节特性和水轮机的综合特性，本文提出了一种实现这种机组负荷优化调节的思路和方法．

基于模糊聚类的NExT-ERA低频振荡类噪声辨识

低频振荡模态分析为电网的安全稳定运行提供了最基本的信息要素。针对环境激励下PMU量测的类噪声信号,讨论了自然激励技术结合特征系统实现算法(NEx T-ERA)进行低频振荡模态识别的适用性,对非同步量测信号采用数据截断预处理后,利用该方法同样可以实现有效辨识。引入模糊C均值聚类算法对辨识结果中真伪模态进行自动拾取,提高了辨识精度。通过对IEEE4机11节点系统和IEEE16机68节点系统的仿真数据分析,表明所提出的方法对低频振荡类噪声信号具有较高的模态辨识能力和计算效率,在低频振荡广域监测中具有很好的应用前景。

微机械振动式陀螺接口电路设计与实现

介绍了一种电磁驱动电容检测的微机械振动式陀螺的接口电路,电路由自激驱动电路和信号检测处理电路组成。自激驱动部分利用陀螺自身的谐振特性配合反馈电路产生自激振荡,同时为检测部分提供了稳定的同步信号;检测部分利用该同步信号和陀螺的输出信号进行同步解调,得到角速度信号。最后对该电路的性能和测试结果进行了分析。

交流励磁双馈发电机的原理、能量关系和应用

本文研究了转子加有交流励磁的双馈发电机的原理，等效电路，能量关系和发电机的运行范围，为应用和设计这种电机提供了基础。

模糊聚类在水轮发电机模糊神经励磁控制器设计中的应用

本文提出了一种利用模型C均值聚类技术对模糊神经励磁控制器的初始参数和结构进行辨识的建模方法。结合水轮发电机励磁系统,本文首先利用模糊聚类方法对PID励磁调节器样本数据进行聚类分析,得出模糊神经励磁控制器的模糊划分和模糊规则,然后根据模糊划分和模糊规则建立模糊励磁调节器的初始模型,再通过参数在线辨识得到最终的调节器模型,最后得用数字仿真,对得到的调节器模型进行了系统阶跃响应分析,并与PID调节器进行了控制性能比较,从而验证了该方法的有效性。

细长体大迎角流动的非对称特性及声激励控制研究

通过测压、油流、粘贴转捩带、热线频谱采集及声激励控制等一系列试验研究,讨论了Re数、转捩带对流动非对称性的影响,分析了细长旋成体大迎角非对称流动的特点。重点对声激励控制流动的非对称性的效果进行了详细分析,提供了有无声激励时功率谱和相关系数的变化情况,并提出了所支持的细长体流动非对称性产生机制的流场的空间动力不稳定性观点。最后阐述了声激励控制非对称流动的机理。