AIM： To determine the relationship between abduction deficit and reoperation among patients with infantile esotropia （IET）. METHODS： The records of 216 patients （432 eyes） with lET who underwent surgery, from 2...AIM： To determine the relationship between abduction deficit and reoperation among patients with infantile esotropia （IET）. METHODS： The records of 216 patients （432 eyes） with lET who underwent surgery, from 2010 to 2015 were studied. Patients with lET whose deviation appeared before 6mo of age and had stable preoperative deviation in two examinations with at least 2wk apart and a minimum 3too postoperative follow up were included. Cases with early onset accommodative esotropia, congenital cataract, retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）, manifest nystagmus, fundus lesions, neurologic and ophthalmic anomalies, 6th nerve palsy and Duane＇s syndrome were excluded. Preoperative abduction deficit was considered from -1 to -3 grading scale. Three months after surgery, children were classified into no-need reoperation [deviation〈15 prism diopters （PD）], and need-reoperation groups （deviaUon〉15 PD）. RESULTS： In this retrospective study, 117 female and 99 male patients with the mean surgical age of 4.7±6.4y were included. Reoperation rate was 33.3% and 16.0% in lET patients with and without abduction deficit, respectively in patients who had a history of late surgery. Abduction deficit increased the odds of reoperation by 82% [OR=1.82, 95% confidence interval （CI） =1.05 to 3.19, P=0.003] in patients who had a history of late surgery （〉2 years old, P=0.021）. Abduction deficit was improved significantly after operation （P〈0.001）. CONCLUSION： Based on our results, abduction deficit can be considered as a risk factor of reoperation in lET patients who are operated at the age of more than 2y.展开更多
DNA adduction with nicotine-derived nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3- pyridy1)-1 -butanone (NNK) in mice at doses equivalent to human exposure has been studied using 14C-label by accelerator mass spectrometry(A...DNA adduction with nicotine-derived nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3- pyridy1)-1 -butanone (NNK) in mice at doses equivalent to human exposure has been studied using 14C-label by accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS). A detection limit of DNA adducts of 1 adduct Per 1010 nucleotides has been achieved. This sensitivity of AMS measurement is 3 or more orders of magnitude improved than that of radioimmunoassay.Formation of DNA adducts is linearly dependent on dose down to an exposure of 100 ng Per kg of body weight .The ultimate cheeical form of carcinogen NNK binding to DNA is speculated.展开更多
The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical behavior changes of femoral head necrosis(FHN)by increasing lower extremity abduction(LEA)angle,offering scientific basis on choosing the LEA procedure for th...The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical behavior changes of femoral head necrosis(FHN)by increasing lower extremity abduction(LEA)angle,offering scientific basis on choosing the LEA procedure for the exact classifications.Methods:Thirty computational models were constructed and used to simulate six different abducent angles with five different progresses of FHN.The initial model was validated by the bony density distribution in X-rays images and the photograph of the cadaver bone in cross-section.The stress transfer path(STP)of each model was analyzed and the contact stresses were assessed.Results:During the midstance phase,STP of type A showed strong similarities with the healthy level;STP distribution was from the top of the femoral head to the calcar;the damage area of STP of type B was approximately 25%of the healthy.While STPs in both type C1 and C2 were broken off.As the increase of the abduction angle,STP of type B transformed into type A,STP of type C1 transformed into type B.STP of type C2 transformed into type C1.There was no significant difference in contact stress between the four settings of FHN and normal femoral head.Conclusions:We found computational biomechanical technique to be a sensitive and useful method for distinguishing the biomechanical difference of FHN during abduction gait.These results showed that LEA motion could effectively reduce collapse risk and interrupt the disease pathway of FHN deteriorated into osteoarthritis.Furthermore,our findings indicated that the LEA procedure was suitable for type A,B and C1,while type C2 of FHN involved surgical intervention might get a better clinical outcome.展开更多
Language communication is the key of the ideological- political education. By using the field investigation method and grounded theory approach, the study analyzes the current situation and main reasons. Discourse dif...Language communication is the key of the ideological- political education. By using the field investigation method and grounded theory approach, the study analyzes the current situation and main reasons. Discourse differences in ideological-political education of universities are revealing ＂ significance crisis ＂, acceptance obstacles and channel retardation. One reason is the necessary vitality in the content of discourses between the system and the real world during the ideological-political education. The second reason is because of lacking effective interaction in discourse. The third reason is the lack of the systematic intercourse and the fusion value between the discourse-communicating channel and the message delivery of the audience expeetations. The results show that it is vital to achieve an organic unity between the academic discourse and the practical words in the ideological-poEtical education.展开更多
目的设计一种三维角度仪,将其应用在全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中,以测量髋臼臼杯把持杆的倾斜角度,评估其是否能提高髋臼臼杯植入角度(外展角和前倾角)的精准度。方法将2020年9月至2022年10月武汉中西医结合骨科医院...目的设计一种三维角度仪,将其应用在全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中,以测量髋臼臼杯把持杆的倾斜角度,评估其是否能提高髋臼臼杯植入角度(外展角和前倾角)的精准度。方法将2020年9月至2022年10月武汉中西医结合骨科医院收治的30例患者分成测量仪组(采用三维角度仪辅助进行THA组,15例)和传统组(传统THA组,15例),两组术前规划髋臼臼杯置入的外展角为38º、前倾角为20º,比较两组术后X线片上所测得髋臼臼杯置放的角度(外展角和前倾角)与其术前所规划臼杯置入角度之间的误差。结果测量仪组术后髋臼臼杯置放的角度(外展角和前倾角)与术前所规划角度的误差明显小于传统组。结论相对于传统THA术中医生用肉眼瞄髋臼臼杯置入方向而言,采用此三维角度仪辅助进行THA,能在术中对髋臼臼杯置入的方向进行刻度化测量,能提高髋臼臼杯置入角度的精准度,其操作简单,值得推广。展开更多
目的评价无托槽隐形矫治器远中移动成年患者上颌磨牙的临床疗效,以提高正畸医生对疗效的预估性。方法检索Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、Pubmed、万方数据库、知网数据库、维普数据库公开发表的隐形矫治器远移成年患...目的评价无托槽隐形矫治器远中移动成年患者上颌磨牙的临床疗效,以提高正畸医生对疗效的预估性。方法检索Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、Pubmed、万方数据库、知网数据库、维普数据库公开发表的隐形矫治器远移成年患者上颌磨牙疗效的研究。检索时限为建库以来至2023年8月1日。共3名研究者进行文献筛选及质量评估,将满足质量标准的文献进行Meta分析。结果本研究共纳入13个前后对照试验,总样本量281例。Meta分析结果显示,治疗后颌骨矢状向及垂直向指标与治疗前相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后上颌第一磨牙远中移动量MD=-2.34,95%CI(-2.83,-1.85),压低移动量MD=-0.95,95%CI(-1.34,-0.56),远中倾斜量MD=-2.51,95%CI(-3.56,-1.46),与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后上颌切牙平均内收距离MD=-0.82,95%CI(-1.54,-0.09),唇倾度减小MD=-1.61,95%CI(-2.86,-0.36),与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论隐形矫治器能够有效远中移动上颌磨牙并控制磨牙垂直向位置,磨牙远移的同时伴有一定的压低及远中倾斜移动,对高角型患者有利。上颌切牙的矢状向内收有利于患者侧貌的改善。展开更多
In Chinese medicine, practitioners assess patients’ complaints, analyze their underlying problems, identify causes and come to a diagnosis, which then directs treatment. What is not obvious and not recorded in a cons...In Chinese medicine, practitioners assess patients’ complaints, analyze their underlying problems, identify causes and come to a diagnosis, which then directs treatment. What is not obvious and not recorded in a consultation is the clinical reasoning process that practitioners use. The research filmed three practitioners in the UK while they conducted a consultation and treatment on new patients. The practitioners and researchers viewed the films and used them as aide-memoirs while the reasoning process throughout was discussed. In order to determine the pattern, practitioners used the four examinations to gather information from the patient in an iterative process;their aesthetic reasoning was highly developed. Through triangulation they checked the information they received against a detailed understanding of the qi-dynamic. They used highly analytical strategies of forward(inductive) and backward(deductive) reasoning against the prototypes of the signs and symptoms that indicate a specific Zheng. This was achieved through an abductive process that linked description with explanation and causal factors with pathological mechanisms. The feedback loop with the patient continued through the consultation and into the treatment. A process of translation and interpretation was needed to turn the patient’s story into the practitioner’s story of qi-dynamics that then directed the treatment. Awareness of our clinical reasoning process will mitigate against biases, improve our diagnoses and treatment choices and support the training of students.展开更多
检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库中有关喉返神经损伤(RLNI)在甲状腺手术中的研究。关键词包括喉返神经修复、注射喉成形术、Ⅰ型甲状腺成形术、杓状软骨内收术、神经组织工程技术等。总结和比较目前RLNI的常见治疗方法。...检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库中有关喉返神经损伤(RLNI)在甲状腺手术中的研究。关键词包括喉返神经修复、注射喉成形术、Ⅰ型甲状腺成形术、杓状软骨内收术、神经组织工程技术等。总结和比较目前RLNI的常见治疗方法。结果显示,喉返神经直接缝合是目前修复的首选术式,颈袢-喉返神经吻合术最常用于临床,其他修复方式各有其优、缺点。大多数治疗方法可在一定程度上获得不同的效果,但仍存在需进一步克服的缺点。此外神经组织工程技术及中医康复治疗值得进一步探索关注。展开更多
文摘AIM： To determine the relationship between abduction deficit and reoperation among patients with infantile esotropia （IET）. METHODS： The records of 216 patients （432 eyes） with lET who underwent surgery, from 2010 to 2015 were studied. Patients with lET whose deviation appeared before 6mo of age and had stable preoperative deviation in two examinations with at least 2wk apart and a minimum 3too postoperative follow up were included. Cases with early onset accommodative esotropia, congenital cataract, retinopathy of prematurity （ROP）, manifest nystagmus, fundus lesions, neurologic and ophthalmic anomalies, 6th nerve palsy and Duane＇s syndrome were excluded. Preoperative abduction deficit was considered from -1 to -3 grading scale. Three months after surgery, children were classified into no-need reoperation [deviation〈15 prism diopters （PD）], and need-reoperation groups （deviaUon〉15 PD）. RESULTS： In this retrospective study, 117 female and 99 male patients with the mean surgical age of 4.7±6.4y were included. Reoperation rate was 33.3% and 16.0% in lET patients with and without abduction deficit, respectively in patients who had a history of late surgery. Abduction deficit increased the odds of reoperation by 82% [OR=1.82, 95% confidence interval （CI） =1.05 to 3.19, P=0.003] in patients who had a history of late surgery （〉2 years old, P=0.021）. Abduction deficit was improved significantly after operation （P〈0.001）. CONCLUSION： Based on our results, abduction deficit can be considered as a risk factor of reoperation in lET patients who are operated at the age of more than 2y.
文摘DNA adduction with nicotine-derived nitrosamine, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3- pyridy1)-1 -butanone (NNK) in mice at doses equivalent to human exposure has been studied using 14C-label by accelerator mass spectrometry(AMS). A detection limit of DNA adducts of 1 adduct Per 1010 nucleotides has been achieved. This sensitivity of AMS measurement is 3 or more orders of magnitude improved than that of radioimmunoassay.Formation of DNA adducts is linearly dependent on dose down to an exposure of 100 ng Per kg of body weight .The ultimate cheeical form of carcinogen NNK binding to DNA is speculated.
基金The authors received grants from Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2014A030310214),Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province(2014A020221041),and the Medical Science and Technology Foundation of Guangdong Province(A2015039).
文摘The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical behavior changes of femoral head necrosis(FHN)by increasing lower extremity abduction(LEA)angle,offering scientific basis on choosing the LEA procedure for the exact classifications.Methods:Thirty computational models were constructed and used to simulate six different abducent angles with five different progresses of FHN.The initial model was validated by the bony density distribution in X-rays images and the photograph of the cadaver bone in cross-section.The stress transfer path(STP)of each model was analyzed and the contact stresses were assessed.Results:During the midstance phase,STP of type A showed strong similarities with the healthy level;STP distribution was from the top of the femoral head to the calcar;the damage area of STP of type B was approximately 25%of the healthy.While STPs in both type C1 and C2 were broken off.As the increase of the abduction angle,STP of type B transformed into type A,STP of type C1 transformed into type B.STP of type C2 transformed into type C1.There was no significant difference in contact stress between the four settings of FHN and normal femoral head.Conclusions:We found computational biomechanical technique to be a sensitive and useful method for distinguishing the biomechanical difference of FHN during abduction gait.These results showed that LEA motion could effectively reduce collapse risk and interrupt the disease pathway of FHN deteriorated into osteoarthritis.Furthermore,our findings indicated that the LEA procedure was suitable for type A,B and C1,while type C2 of FHN involved surgical intervention might get a better clinical outcome.
文摘Language communication is the key of the ideological- political education. By using the field investigation method and grounded theory approach, the study analyzes the current situation and main reasons. Discourse differences in ideological-political education of universities are revealing ＂ significance crisis ＂, acceptance obstacles and channel retardation. One reason is the necessary vitality in the content of discourses between the system and the real world during the ideological-political education. The second reason is because of lacking effective interaction in discourse. The third reason is the lack of the systematic intercourse and the fusion value between the discourse-communicating channel and the message delivery of the audience expeetations. The results show that it is vital to achieve an organic unity between the academic discourse and the practical words in the ideological-poEtical education.
文摘目的设计一种三维角度仪,将其应用在全髋关节置换术(total hip arthroplasty,THA)中,以测量髋臼臼杯把持杆的倾斜角度,评估其是否能提高髋臼臼杯植入角度(外展角和前倾角)的精准度。方法将2020年9月至2022年10月武汉中西医结合骨科医院收治的30例患者分成测量仪组(采用三维角度仪辅助进行THA组,15例)和传统组(传统THA组,15例),两组术前规划髋臼臼杯置入的外展角为38º、前倾角为20º,比较两组术后X线片上所测得髋臼臼杯置放的角度(外展角和前倾角)与其术前所规划臼杯置入角度之间的误差。结果测量仪组术后髋臼臼杯置放的角度(外展角和前倾角)与术前所规划角度的误差明显小于传统组。结论相对于传统THA术中医生用肉眼瞄髋臼臼杯置入方向而言,采用此三维角度仪辅助进行THA,能在术中对髋臼臼杯置入的方向进行刻度化测量,能提高髋臼臼杯置入角度的精准度,其操作简单,值得推广。
文摘目的评价无托槽隐形矫治器远中移动成年患者上颌磨牙的临床疗效,以提高正畸医生对疗效的预估性。方法检索Web of Science、The Cochrane Library、Embase、Pubmed、万方数据库、知网数据库、维普数据库公开发表的隐形矫治器远移成年患者上颌磨牙疗效的研究。检索时限为建库以来至2023年8月1日。共3名研究者进行文献筛选及质量评估,将满足质量标准的文献进行Meta分析。结果本研究共纳入13个前后对照试验,总样本量281例。Meta分析结果显示,治疗后颌骨矢状向及垂直向指标与治疗前相比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后上颌第一磨牙远中移动量MD=-2.34,95%CI(-2.83,-1.85),压低移动量MD=-0.95,95%CI(-1.34,-0.56),远中倾斜量MD=-2.51,95%CI(-3.56,-1.46),与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后上颌切牙平均内收距离MD=-0.82,95%CI(-1.54,-0.09),唇倾度减小MD=-1.61,95%CI(-2.86,-0.36),与治疗前相比差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论隐形矫治器能够有效远中移动上颌磨牙并控制磨牙垂直向位置,磨牙远移的同时伴有一定的压低及远中倾斜移动,对高角型患者有利。上颌切牙的矢状向内收有利于患者侧貌的改善。
基金This research was self-funded as part of an Education Doctorate at the Institute of Education,University College London.
文摘In Chinese medicine, practitioners assess patients’ complaints, analyze their underlying problems, identify causes and come to a diagnosis, which then directs treatment. What is not obvious and not recorded in a consultation is the clinical reasoning process that practitioners use. The research filmed three practitioners in the UK while they conducted a consultation and treatment on new patients. The practitioners and researchers viewed the films and used them as aide-memoirs while the reasoning process throughout was discussed. In order to determine the pattern, practitioners used the four examinations to gather information from the patient in an iterative process;their aesthetic reasoning was highly developed. Through triangulation they checked the information they received against a detailed understanding of the qi-dynamic. They used highly analytical strategies of forward(inductive) and backward(deductive) reasoning against the prototypes of the signs and symptoms that indicate a specific Zheng. This was achieved through an abductive process that linked description with explanation and causal factors with pathological mechanisms. The feedback loop with the patient continued through the consultation and into the treatment. A process of translation and interpretation was needed to turn the patient’s story into the practitioner’s story of qi-dynamics that then directed the treatment. Awareness of our clinical reasoning process will mitigate against biases, improve our diagnoses and treatment choices and support the training of students.
文摘检索PubMed、Web of Science、中国知网等数据库中有关喉返神经损伤(RLNI)在甲状腺手术中的研究。关键词包括喉返神经修复、注射喉成形术、Ⅰ型甲状腺成形术、杓状软骨内收术、神经组织工程技术等。总结和比较目前RLNI的常见治疗方法。结果显示,喉返神经直接缝合是目前修复的首选术式,颈袢-喉返神经吻合术最常用于临床,其他修复方式各有其优、缺点。大多数治疗方法可在一定程度上获得不同的效果,但仍存在需进一步克服的缺点。此外神经组织工程技术及中医康复治疗值得进一步探索关注。
