Railway transportation system is a critical sector where design methods and techniques are defined by international standards in order to reduce possible risks to an acceptable minimum level. CENELEC 50128 strongly re...Railway transportation system is a critical sector where design methods and techniques are defined by international standards in order to reduce possible risks to an acceptable minimum level. CENELEC 50128 strongly recommends the utilization of finite state machines during system modelling stage and formal proof methods during the verifi- cation and testing stages of control algorithms. Due to the high importance of interlocking table at the design state of a sig- nalization system, the modelling and verification of inter- locking tables are examined in this work. For this purpose, abstract state machines are used as a modelling tool. The developed models have been performed in a generalized structure such that the model control can be done automatically for the interlocking systems. In this study, NuSMV is used at the verification state. Also, the consistency of the developed models has been supervised through fault injection. The developed models and software components are applied on a real railway station operated by Metro Istanbul Co.展开更多
We retrospect three abstract models for heat engines which include a classic abstract model in textbook of thermal physics,a primary abstract model for finite-time heat engines,and a refined abstract model for finite-...We retrospect three abstract models for heat engines which include a classic abstract model in textbook of thermal physics,a primary abstract model for finite-time heat engines,and a refined abstract model for finite-time heat engines.The detailed models of heat engines in literature of finite-time thermodynamics may be mapped into the refined abstract model.The future developments based on the refined abstract model are also surveyed.展开更多
The postal savings lately opened has made great progress.But what is the original advantage of the postal savings? In the last few years, many experts have considered that the advantage lies in the large number of pos...The postal savings lately opened has made great progress.But what is the original advantage of the postal savings? In the last few years, many experts have considered that the advantage lies in the large number of postal offices. This paper proposes a new view point—the Postal Individual Finance (PIF) and discuss its characteristics.Then, we'll set up and describe the abstract models of PIF.Finally, we'll point out the influence of PIF on the structure of personal investment and flow of the national currency.展开更多
The concept of institution of variable truth values is introduced and somemain results about institutions are generalized. In particular, some propertiesof institutions of variable truth vaues preserved by change of t...The concept of institution of variable truth values is introduced and somemain results about institutions are generalized. In particular, some propertiesof institutions of variable truth vaues preserved by change of truth values areestablished.展开更多
The problem of putting consistent theories together in institutions is dis-cussed. A general necessary condition for consistency of the resulting theory iscarried out, and some sufficient conditions are given for diag...The problem of putting consistent theories together in institutions is dis-cussed. A general necessary condition for consistency of the resulting theory iscarried out, and some sufficient conditions are given for diagrams of theories inwhich shapes are tree bundles or directed graphs. Moreover, some transforma-tions from complicated cases to simple ones are established.展开更多
Modern information systems require the orchestration of ontologies,conceptual data modeling techniques,and efficient data management so as to provide a means for better informed decision-making and to keep up with new...Modern information systems require the orchestration of ontologies,conceptual data modeling techniques,and efficient data management so as to provide a means for better informed decision-making and to keep up with new requirements in organizational needs.A major question in delivering such systems,is which components to design and put together to make up the required“knowledge to data”pipeline,as each component and process has trade-offs.In this paper,we introduce a new knowledge-to-data architecture,KnowID.It pulls together both recently proposed components and we add novel transformation rules between Enhanced Entity-Relationship(EER)and the Abstract Relational Model to complete the pipeline.KnowID’s main distinctive architectural features,compared to other ontology-based data access approaches,are that runtime use can avail of the closed world assumption commonly used in information systems and of full SQL augmented with path queries.展开更多
文摘Railway transportation system is a critical sector where design methods and techniques are defined by international standards in order to reduce possible risks to an acceptable minimum level. CENELEC 50128 strongly recommends the utilization of finite state machines during system modelling stage and formal proof methods during the verifi- cation and testing stages of control algorithms. Due to the high importance of interlocking table at the design state of a sig- nalization system, the modelling and verification of inter- locking tables are examined in this work. For this purpose, abstract state machines are used as a modelling tool. The developed models have been performed in a generalized structure such that the model control can be done automatically for the interlocking systems. In this study, NuSMV is used at the verification state. Also, the consistency of the developed models has been supervised through fault injection. The developed models and software components are applied on a real railway station operated by Metro Istanbul Co.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11975050 and 11675017).
文摘We retrospect three abstract models for heat engines which include a classic abstract model in textbook of thermal physics,a primary abstract model for finite-time heat engines,and a refined abstract model for finite-time heat engines.The detailed models of heat engines in literature of finite-time thermodynamics may be mapped into the refined abstract model.The future developments based on the refined abstract model are also surveyed.
文摘The postal savings lately opened has made great progress.But what is the original advantage of the postal savings? In the last few years, many experts have considered that the advantage lies in the large number of postal offices. This paper proposes a new view point—the Postal Individual Finance (PIF) and discuss its characteristics.Then, we'll set up and describe the abstract models of PIF.Finally, we'll point out the influence of PIF on the structure of personal investment and flow of the national currency.
文摘The concept of institution of variable truth values is introduced and somemain results about institutions are generalized. In particular, some propertiesof institutions of variable truth vaues preserved by change of truth values areestablished.
文摘The problem of putting consistent theories together in institutions is dis-cussed. A general necessary condition for consistency of the resulting theory iscarried out, and some sufficient conditions are given for diagrams of theories inwhich shapes are tree bundles or directed graphs. Moreover, some transforma-tions from complicated cases to simple ones are established.
文摘Modern information systems require the orchestration of ontologies,conceptual data modeling techniques,and efficient data management so as to provide a means for better informed decision-making and to keep up with new requirements in organizational needs.A major question in delivering such systems,is which components to design and put together to make up the required“knowledge to data”pipeline,as each component and process has trade-offs.In this paper,we introduce a new knowledge-to-data architecture,KnowID.It pulls together both recently proposed components and we add novel transformation rules between Enhanced Entity-Relationship(EER)and the Abstract Relational Model to complete the pipeline.KnowID’s main distinctive architectural features,compared to other ontology-based data access approaches,are that runtime use can avail of the closed world assumption commonly used in information systems and of full SQL augmented with path queries.
