An International Comparison on Academic Profession＇ Management Mode

Academic profession＇s management modes in western developed countriesinclude three types： American-German mode,French mode and British mode. They have obvious Features and Experience. Their standards of qualification and consummate the engagement system for faculty are clear; training system is consummate; academic profession develops fast and performance evaluation is very solid. Therefore, it is worthy to learn from such modes to Ameliorate the management and promote the development of academic profession in our country

Impact of Doctoral Student Training Process Fit on Doctoral Students’ Mental Health

Background:Doctoral students have much higher risk of anxiety or depression than general population.Doctoral students worldwide are facing varying degrees of mental health risks.Method:Based on the survey data of 6,812 doctoral students worldwide in Nature in 2019,Probit and Logit models are used to explore the correlation between thefit of doctoral education and training process and the mental health of doctoral students.Results:(1)The training environmentfit of doctoral students has a significant positive impact on their mental health.(2)The academic professionfit of doctoral students has a significant positive impact on their mental health.(3)The orga-nizational culturefit of doctoral students has a significant positive impact on their mental health.(4)Thefinancial supportfit of doctoral students has a significant positive impact on their mental health.Conclusion:The higher the degree of doctoral students’training environmentfit,academic professionfit,organizational culturefit,andfinancial supportfit,the lower the possibility of anxiety or depression among doctoral students.The current research results can help reveal extensive factors that affect the mental health of doctoral students,facilitate the planning and development of effective intervention measures by universities,improve thefit of the doctoral education and training process,improve the mental health of doctoral students,and boost academic excellence.

Vocational Training and Basic Knowledge of the Mexican University Coach

This paper shows an overview of the academic and vocational training of the Mexican university coaches. Professional sports in Mexico are not sufficiently organized in all disciplines and the Olympic sporting system does not consider the university sports as a hotbed of world-class athletes. Coaches＇ academic and vocational training is one of the variables to analyze university-sporting level. A quantitative model was used to approach the topic through an adapted and validated version of a questionnaire used in Spanish populations. The sample consisted of 326 participant＇s coaches at the 2013 National Student Games. Among the findings, observed there are some aspects revealed related to the training, the domain of knowledge and the existing relationship between an empirical coach and a trained one. In conclusion, therefore, it is important to emphasize that the non-skilled trainer finds it difficult to achieve the optimum sport development, the fulfillment of the assigned tasks, the selection, the dosage, the linking of different means, and the assessment of achievement. According to the national sport level, the university trainer＇s profile neither allows the consolidation of practice nor these ages and sport levels.

The Same Term but Different Connotations:Cultural and Historical Perspectives on Studying the Academic Profession in China and Other Asian Countries

Through experiencing and reviewing multiple-country endeavors in academic profession study and participating in a new project regarding the academic profession in Asia,the author pinpoints and anticipates the shortcomings of study alone or dominantly questionnaire-based and ignoring the broader social context.The author proposes a new perspective or methodology to mitigate these shortcomings.The traditional approach focuses on commonalities rather than differences of the academic profession in a variety of countries.By comparing identical questionnaires,it is easy to conclude that,according to some indicators,the academic profession in developing countries,a category in which most Asian countries belong,is inferior to that in developed countries by a certain magnitude.This research strategy will devalue the research efforts on the academic profession in Asia.The academic profession is a complicated phenomenon,and it requires a sophisticated research methodology.The characteristics of the academic profession in Asia can be induced by empirically studying its relationship with the institutional environments in which the academic profession is embedded.In addition,all developing countries in Asia are undergoing a process of modernization.This dynamic feature is valuable and deserves exploration.The institutional environments in Asia can be demonstrated and illustrated via cultural and historical lenses.The purpose of this paper is to review international projects and literature regarding the academic profession.This review tries to be both critical and constructive,and shed light on newly initiated projects in the Asian academic profession.Two major research questions are raised by the author:What is the scholarly value of the new project?What strategy can researchers employ for this endeavor?Past research is dominated by the structure-function paradigm and cross-sectional questionnaire method.This approach has both strengths and weaknesses.Historical and cultural perspectives are proposed to overcome the Cultural and Historical Perspectives on Studying the Academic Profession existing limitations and explore the potential value of the new academic effort.

Prometheus’revelation:Deciphering the mysteries of the liver,towards a shared healthful future

iLIVER is an open-access peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the presentation and dissemination of scientific findings and novel practices in the field of hepatobiliary system.As an excellent source of scientific information,the journal seeks to publish high-quality articles,including original research,meta-analysis,reviews,consensus or practical guidelines,and editorials regarding hepatobiliary system.We intend to build a global community in which clinicians,scientists,engineers,scholars and other healthcare professionals are able to scope the whole spectrum of research and exchange frontier academic advances.