Very high-energy electrons(VHEEs)are potential candidates for FLASH radiotherapy for deep-seated tumors.We proposed a compact VHEE facility based on an X-band high-gradient high-power technique.In this study,we invest...Very high-energy electrons(VHEEs)are potential candidates for FLASH radiotherapy for deep-seated tumors.We proposed a compact VHEE facility based on an X-band high-gradient high-power technique.In this study,we investigated and realized the first X-band backward traveling-wave(BTW)accelerating structure as the buncher for a VHEE facility.A method for calculating the parameters of single cell from the field distribution was introduced to simplify the design of the BTW structure.Time-domain circuit equations were applied to calculate the transient beam parameters of the buncher in the unsteady state.A prototype of the BTW structure with a thermionic cathode-diode electron gun was designed,fabricated,and tested at high power at the Tsinghua X-band high-power test stand.The structure successfully operated with 5-MW microwave pulses from the pulse compressor and outputted electron bunches with an energy of 8 MeV and a pulsed current of 108 mA.展开更多
Given the importance of lithium-ion cell safety,a comprehensive review on the thermal stability of lithium-ion cells investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC),is provided in the present work.The operating mec...Given the importance of lithium-ion cell safety,a comprehensive review on the thermal stability of lithium-ion cells investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC),is provided in the present work.The operating mechanism of ARC is discussed first,including the usage and the reaction kinetics.Besides that,the thermal stability of the cathode/anode materials at elevated temperatures is revealed by examining the impacts of some significant factors,i.e.,the lithium content,particle size,material density,lithium salt,solvent,additive,binder and initial heating temperature.A comparison of the common cathode materials indicates that the presence of Mn and polyanion could significantly enhance the thermal stability of cathode materials,while the doping of Al also helps to restrain the reactivity.Except for their high capacity,some alloy materials demonstrate more competitive safety than traditional carbon anode materials.Furthermore,the thermal behaviors of full cells under abusive conditions are reviewed here.Due to the sensitivity of ARC to the kinetic parameters,a reaction kinetic modeling can be built on the basis of ARC profiles,to predict the thermal behaviors of cell components and cells.Herein,a shortcircuit modeling is exampled.展开更多
麻醉医师作为日间手术开展和全流程管理中的关键角色,在日间手术组织架构、运行管理和围术期质量控制等方面,都起到了积极的促进作用。作为日间病房和手术室的桥梁,麻醉医师需加入院级层面日间手术管理委员会或者相关组织,参与整个医院...麻醉医师作为日间手术开展和全流程管理中的关键角色,在日间手术组织架构、运行管理和围术期质量控制等方面,都起到了积极的促进作用。作为日间病房和手术室的桥梁,麻醉医师需加入院级层面日间手术管理委员会或者相关组织,参与整个医院日间手术的统一管理和质控。通过建立规范化的术前麻醉评估制度,建设日间手术麻醉亚专业组,健全日间手术准入制度等措施,减少围术期麻醉相关风险,对优化全院手术资源配置与调度有重要意义。同时,制定日间手术麻醉质量控制指标,对进一步推动和完善日间手术质控指标体系构建具有积极作用。微观层面,基于个体化的加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)措施,围绕多模式镇痛、多联术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomitting,PONV)等管理策略,进一步落地和细化围术期麻醉管理流程和具体实施方案,促进日间手术患者快速康复。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11922504).
文摘Very high-energy electrons(VHEEs)are potential candidates for FLASH radiotherapy for deep-seated tumors.We proposed a compact VHEE facility based on an X-band high-gradient high-power technique.In this study,we investigated and realized the first X-band backward traveling-wave(BTW)accelerating structure as the buncher for a VHEE facility.A method for calculating the parameters of single cell from the field distribution was introduced to simplify the design of the BTW structure.Time-domain circuit equations were applied to calculate the transient beam parameters of the buncher in the unsteady state.A prototype of the BTW structure with a thermionic cathode-diode electron gun was designed,fabricated,and tested at high power at the Tsinghua X-band high-power test stand.The structure successfully operated with 5-MW microwave pulses from the pulse compressor and outputted electron bunches with an energy of 8 MeV and a pulsed current of 108 mA.
基金supported by NSERC,Tesla Motors,the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52204213,52272396)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2022M711602)+2 种基金the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Fire Science (SKLFS) (No.HZ2022-KF07)the Jiangsu Project Plan for Outstanding Talents Team in Six Research Fields (No.TD-XNYQC-002)the support of the China Scholarship Council。
文摘Given the importance of lithium-ion cell safety,a comprehensive review on the thermal stability of lithium-ion cells investigated by accelerating rate calorimetry(ARC),is provided in the present work.The operating mechanism of ARC is discussed first,including the usage and the reaction kinetics.Besides that,the thermal stability of the cathode/anode materials at elevated temperatures is revealed by examining the impacts of some significant factors,i.e.,the lithium content,particle size,material density,lithium salt,solvent,additive,binder and initial heating temperature.A comparison of the common cathode materials indicates that the presence of Mn and polyanion could significantly enhance the thermal stability of cathode materials,while the doping of Al also helps to restrain the reactivity.Except for their high capacity,some alloy materials demonstrate more competitive safety than traditional carbon anode materials.Furthermore,the thermal behaviors of full cells under abusive conditions are reviewed here.Due to the sensitivity of ARC to the kinetic parameters,a reaction kinetic modeling can be built on the basis of ARC profiles,to predict the thermal behaviors of cell components and cells.Herein,a shortcircuit modeling is exampled.
文摘麻醉医师作为日间手术开展和全流程管理中的关键角色,在日间手术组织架构、运行管理和围术期质量控制等方面,都起到了积极的促进作用。作为日间病房和手术室的桥梁,麻醉医师需加入院级层面日间手术管理委员会或者相关组织,参与整个医院日间手术的统一管理和质控。通过建立规范化的术前麻醉评估制度,建设日间手术麻醉亚专业组,健全日间手术准入制度等措施,减少围术期麻醉相关风险,对优化全院手术资源配置与调度有重要意义。同时,制定日间手术麻醉质量控制指标,对进一步推动和完善日间手术质控指标体系构建具有积极作用。微观层面,基于个体化的加速康复外科(enhanced recovery after surgery,ERAS)措施,围绕多模式镇痛、多联术后恶心呕吐(postoperative nausea and vomitting,PONV)等管理策略,进一步落地和细化围术期麻醉管理流程和具体实施方案,促进日间手术患者快速康复。