Simulation study on the effectiveness of accident proneness test in drivers

To explore the effectiveness of accident proneness test in drivers. Methods: Accident proneness test results in 100*!000 drivers were simulated by function of RANNOR using SAS statistical software, their accident records were simulated by function of UNIFORM according to 3 alternatives, the accident rate of qualified drivers was 0.01 , and the accident rate of unqualified drivers was 0.01 , 0.05 and 0.10 , respectively. Results: It was found that there was no effectiveness of accident proneness test if the accident rate of unqualified drivers was equal to that of the qualified ones, if the accident rate of the unqualified drivers was really higher than that of the qualified ones, the test could identify a certain proportion of high risk drivers. Conclusions: Accident proneness test may be effective to some extent, it is advisable to carry out further prospective study or pilot work so as to practically prove the effectiveness of the test.

Genetic Study Identifies CBLN4 as a Novel Susceptibility Gene for Accident Proneness

Frequent traffic accidents constitute a major danger to human beings.The accident-prone driver who has the stable physiological,psychological,and behavioral characteristics is one of the most prominent causes of traffic accidents.The internal link between the individual characteristics and the accident proneness has been a difficult point in the accident prevention research.The authors selected accident-prone drivers as cases and safe drivers as controls(case-control group) from 18,360 drivers who were enrolled from three public transportation incorporations of China using area stratified sampling method.The case-control groups were 1:1 matched.The authors performed genome-wide association study(GWAS) by 179 cases and 179 controls using the U.S.Affymetrix Genome-Wide Human Mapping SNP 6.0Array.The authors observed that the gene frequencies of34 single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in three regions of cases were higher than those in the control(P < 10^(–4)).The authors then tested two independent replication sets for strong association 6 SNPs in 349 pairs of case-control drivers using the U.S.ABI 3730 sequencing method.The results indicated that SNP rs6069499 within linked CBLN4 gene are strongly associated with accident proneness(Pcombined= 6.37×10^(-10)).According to CBLN4 gene mainly involved in adrenal development and the regulation of secretion,the authors performed 12 biochemical parameters of the blood using radioimmunoassay.The levels of dopamine(DA) and adrenocorticotropic(ACTH)hormone showed significant differences between accidentprone drivers and safe drivers(P_(DA)= 0.03,P_(ACTH)= 0.01).It is suggested that the accident-prone drivers may have the idiosyncrasy of susceptibility.

A case-control study on family environment characteristics of accidentprone children

Objective:The purpose of the current study was to determine the family environment charac-teristics of accident-prone children,and the influencing factors to provide a reference for accident prevention and intervention for these children.Methods:One hundred forty-seven cases of accident-prone children were screened out from a cross-sectional survey as the case group,and another 147 cases of non-accidentally-injured chil-dren served as the control group.The Chinese version of the Family Environment Scale(FES-CV)was applied to evaluate the family environment characteristics of subjects from both groups.Results:The incidence of accident-prone children was 9.42%.Comparing the scores of all factors in the FES-CV,the contradiction score of the case group was higher than the control group,while the scores of other factors was lower than the control group.Differences between the two groups with respect to intimacy,emotional expression,contradiction,independence,and success scores were statistically significant,but differences in informative and entertaining scores were not.Differences with respect to family type,financial status,education,guardian,age of guardian,marital status,and health status were statistically significant.As revealed by regression analysis,intimacy(OR=0.530),emotional expression(OR=0.749),and independence(OR=0.732)were protective factors for accident proneness,while rigorous education(OR=2.101)and indulgence or indifference/violence(OR=7.629)were risk factors for accident proneness.Conclusion:Family environment influence child accident proneness,thus preventive interventions should be provided according to the characteristics of the family environment.