This study analyzed postural balance in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment and its relationship to accidental falls. A quantitative and quasi-experimental method was used in a sample of 43 elderlies between 64...This study analyzed postural balance in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment and its relationship to accidental falls. A quantitative and quasi-experimental method was used in a sample of 43 elderlies between 64 and 88 years old, mostly females. Data collection was performed in two Basic Health Units in the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2014. The instruments used were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Tinetti scale, Motor Scale for the Elderly (EMTI) scale, and Elderly Falls Diary. The data were analyzed with the SAS statistical software version 9.3.1. The scales were applied before and after the psychomotor interventions. A significant difference was observed between the evaluating moments. Balance improvements were observed in all age groups, suggesting that all elderlies, regardless of age, showed satisfactory responses to the implemented psychomotor activities. The elderlies who fell more frequently were those between 60 and 69 years old. It is noteworthy that the age group with the lowest incidence of falls was that of elderlies between 70 and 79 years old. It was concluded that psychomotor activities are beneficial, regardless of age, proving their effectiveness when continued stimuli with cognitive and psychomotor activities are carried out.展开更多
Background: Patient falls are a serious problem in a rehabilitation unit. Although patient falls have been described in the healthcare literature for more 60 years, and many risk assessment tools have been developed, ...Background: Patient falls are a serious problem in a rehabilitation unit. Although patient falls have been described in the healthcare literature for more 60 years, and many risk assessment tools have been developed, the rate of falls in hospitals in Japan has remained unchanged for the last 8 years. A previous study reported that about 50% of patients in rehabilitation estimated their fall risk lower than that estimated by their nurses. We believe that patients in rehabilitation tend to overestimate their ability to perform ADLs. Aim: To identify discrepancies between patients’ and nurses’ estimates of patients’ ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and clarify any relationship between the discrepancies and patient falls. Methods: Participants comprised 82 patients (42 men) admitted to a rehabilitation unit in Osaka, Japan from July to December of 2017. Patients and their nurses answered the same questionnaire about patients’ ability to perform ADL. The questionnaire was developed based on the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and administered at admission, at 1 month after admission, and at discharge. Participants were classified into the overestimating group and the accurately estimating/underestimating group, and groups were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: The mean age of participants was 76.4 years. At admission, approximately 72% of participants estimated their own ability to perform ADL higher than did the nurses. The percentage of overestimating participants dropped to 30% at discharge. Fifteen of the participants experienced a fall;all were in the overestimating group. The ADL Discrepancy and fall-assessment scores for these 15 participants were significantly higher than those of other participants. Conclusions: There are discrepancies between patients’ and nurses’ estimates of patients’ ability to perform ADL and had important significance for assessing their risk of fall. And minimizing the discrepancy may support the prevention of falls.展开更多
Background Accidental falls are the most common cause of injury in children.These falls not only result in pain and injury to children but also can pose a significant financial burden to their families and society.The...Background Accidental falls are the most common cause of injury in children.These falls not only result in pain and injury to children but also can pose a significant financial burden to their families and society.The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for falls in children.Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature describing falls in children aged 0–18 years.Studies of falls from a height of 1 m or more were excluded from the analysis.We analyzed the included studies to identify risk factors for falls.Results A total of 1496 articles were initially retrieved,leading to an included set of nine articles,which were published from 1995 to 2021.Risk factors related to fall injury in children aged 0–18 years included age,sex,extroversion,rural areas,history of falls,family factors,caregiver factors,medication use,intravenous therapy,tests requiring movement,disease factors and long hospital stay.Conclusion We identified 12 risk factors affecting falls in children,including individual characteristics and family and social factors.展开更多
Background The effects of active video game play on healthy individuals remain uncertain.A person＇s functional health status constitutes a dynamic interaction between components identified in the International Classi...Background The effects of active video game play on healthy individuals remain uncertain.A person＇s functional health status constitutes a dynamic interaction between components identified in the International Classification of Functioning,Disability,and Health （ICF）.The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of active video game play on community adults using the ICF.Methods Sixty community adults with an average age of 59.3 years and without physical disabilities were recruited.Over 2 weeks,each adult participated in six sessions of active video game play lasting 20 minutes each.Participants were assessed before and af^er the intervention.Variables were collected using sources related to the ICF components,including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory,Biodex Stability System,chairrising time,Frenchay Activity Index,Rivermead Mobility Index,Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire,Work Ability Index,and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version.Results Compared to baseline data,significantly reduced risk of a fall measured by Biodex Stability System and improvements in disability scores measured by the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire were noted.There was no significant change in the other variables measured.Conclusion Short-term,active video game play reduces fall risks and ameliorates disabilities in community adults.展开更多
文摘This study analyzed postural balance in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment and its relationship to accidental falls. A quantitative and quasi-experimental method was used in a sample of 43 elderlies between 64 and 88 years old, mostly females. Data collection was performed in two Basic Health Units in the city of Rio de Janeiro in 2014. The instruments used were the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Tinetti scale, Motor Scale for the Elderly (EMTI) scale, and Elderly Falls Diary. The data were analyzed with the SAS statistical software version 9.3.1. The scales were applied before and after the psychomotor interventions. A significant difference was observed between the evaluating moments. Balance improvements were observed in all age groups, suggesting that all elderlies, regardless of age, showed satisfactory responses to the implemented psychomotor activities. The elderlies who fell more frequently were those between 60 and 69 years old. It is noteworthy that the age group with the lowest incidence of falls was that of elderlies between 70 and 79 years old. It was concluded that psychomotor activities are beneficial, regardless of age, proving their effectiveness when continued stimuli with cognitive and psychomotor activities are carried out.
文摘Background: Patient falls are a serious problem in a rehabilitation unit. Although patient falls have been described in the healthcare literature for more 60 years, and many risk assessment tools have been developed, the rate of falls in hospitals in Japan has remained unchanged for the last 8 years. A previous study reported that about 50% of patients in rehabilitation estimated their fall risk lower than that estimated by their nurses. We believe that patients in rehabilitation tend to overestimate their ability to perform ADLs. Aim: To identify discrepancies between patients’ and nurses’ estimates of patients’ ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and clarify any relationship between the discrepancies and patient falls. Methods: Participants comprised 82 patients (42 men) admitted to a rehabilitation unit in Osaka, Japan from July to December of 2017. Patients and their nurses answered the same questionnaire about patients’ ability to perform ADL. The questionnaire was developed based on the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and administered at admission, at 1 month after admission, and at discharge. Participants were classified into the overestimating group and the accurately estimating/underestimating group, and groups were compared using Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. Results: The mean age of participants was 76.4 years. At admission, approximately 72% of participants estimated their own ability to perform ADL higher than did the nurses. The percentage of overestimating participants dropped to 30% at discharge. Fifteen of the participants experienced a fall;all were in the overestimating group. The ADL Discrepancy and fall-assessment scores for these 15 participants were significantly higher than those of other participants. Conclusions: There are discrepancies between patients’ and nurses’ estimates of patients’ ability to perform ADL and had important significance for assessing their risk of fall. And minimizing the discrepancy may support the prevention of falls.
基金supported by the Nantong University Teaching Project(2020D09).
文摘Background Accidental falls are the most common cause of injury in children.These falls not only result in pain and injury to children but also can pose a significant financial burden to their families and society.The aim of this study is to identify risk factors for falls in children.Methods We conducted a systematic review of the literature describing falls in children aged 0–18 years.Studies of falls from a height of 1 m or more were excluded from the analysis.We analyzed the included studies to identify risk factors for falls.Results A total of 1496 articles were initially retrieved,leading to an included set of nine articles,which were published from 1995 to 2021.Risk factors related to fall injury in children aged 0–18 years included age,sex,extroversion,rural areas,history of falls,family factors,caregiver factors,medication use,intravenous therapy,tests requiring movement,disease factors and long hospital stay.Conclusion We identified 12 risk factors affecting falls in children,including individual characteristics and family and social factors.
文摘Background The effects of active video game play on healthy individuals remain uncertain.A person＇s functional health status constitutes a dynamic interaction between components identified in the International Classification of Functioning,Disability,and Health （ICF）.The aim of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of active video game play on community adults using the ICF.Methods Sixty community adults with an average age of 59.3 years and without physical disabilities were recruited.Over 2 weeks,each adult participated in six sessions of active video game play lasting 20 minutes each.Participants were assessed before and af^er the intervention.Variables were collected using sources related to the ICF components,including the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory,Biodex Stability System,chairrising time,Frenchay Activity Index,Rivermead Mobility Index,Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire,Work Ability Index,and World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version.Results Compared to baseline data,significantly reduced risk of a fall measured by Biodex Stability System and improvements in disability scores measured by the Chronic Pain Grade Questionnaire were noted.There was no significant change in the other variables measured.Conclusion Short-term,active video game play reduces fall risks and ameliorates disabilities in community adults.
