基于Achieve工具的高中数学教科书习题与《课程标准》一致性研究——以平面向量及其应用为例

在新课程改革背景下,教科书课后习题的编制是否合理地表征《课程标准》的要求,对数学教学的有效实施及学生数学核心素养的发展至关重要.利用Achieve一致性分析工具,对人教版《普通高中教科书数学A版必修第二册》第六章“平面向量及其应用”课后习题与《课程标准》要求进行一致性分析.研究表明,第六章课后习题与《课程标准》在内容向心性、挑战的来源、部分内容的挑战层次、平衡、范围等指标上的一致性较好;但在表现向心性指标上,课后习题与《课程标准》未达到一致性标准的要求.基于此,提出以《课程标准》为导向,准确把控课后习题数量与难度、优化课后习题设计等课程教学与习题编制建议.

The Historic Achievements of the Communist Party of China in Respecting and Protecting Human Rights in the New Era

In the new era,the Communist Party of China(CPC)has made historic achievements in respecting and protecting human rights.Building upon the principle of the“two integrations”(integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture),it has nurtured new theories on respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,which can address the fundamental questions of whom and what the human rights protection efforts in the new era are for.Guided by the principle of“taking our own path,”it has charted a distinct course for the development of human rights,diverging from the Western approach.The CPC has maintained the unity between Party leadership and the respect for and protection of human rights,promoting progress in human rights through the pursuit of“high-quality development,”and ensuring various fundamental rights of the people through the rule of law.Building upon the past experience,the CPC has established the“source”of the institutional framework for respecting and protecting human rights in the new era,crafted the“body”of this institutional framework,and introduced its practical“application.”In promoting the comprehensive advancement of human rights protection,the CPC has facilitated the connotative development of human rights protection in China,empowering China in international human rights discourse,and contributing Chinese strength and wisdom to global human rights governance.

基于Achieve模式对高中物理教科书习题与课程标准的一致性研究——以曲线运动章节习题为例

采用Achieve分析模式对现行五版本高中物理教科书(2019年版)“曲线运动”该部分内容的章节练习题与普通高中物理课程标准(2017年版)对“曲线运动”的内容要求进行一致性研究,得出不同版本教科书与课程标准的一致性情况,对教科书习题设计提出建议.

基于Achieve模式的中考物理试题与新课程标准一致性研究——以“2021年西安市中考物理试题”为例

本文基于Achieve一致性分析模式,开展2021年西安市中考物理试题与新课程标准的一致性研究.研究发现,试卷与新课程标准的一致性并不是十分理想,表现在向心性、平衡性与挑战性这三个层次的指标都有待加强.本文根据研究结果,对中考试题的命制提供若干建议.

Research and Practice on the Multi-dimensional Course Goal Achievement Evaluation of Software Engineering

According to the standards of engineering education accreditation,the achievement paths and evaluation criteria of course goals are presented,aimed at the objectives of software engineering courses and the characteristics of hybrid teaching in Kunming University of Science and Technology.Then a multi-dimensional evaluation system for course goal achievement of software engineering is proposed.The practice’s results show that the multi-dimensional course goal achievement evaluation is helpful to the continuous improvement of course teaching,which can effectively support the evaluation of graduation outcomes.

Implementation and achievements of enhanced recovery after surgery program in perioperative management of gastric cancer patients

Objective:The enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)program is less implemented in gastric cancer patients.The purpose of this survey is to investigate the implementation status of ERAS in perioperative period in gastric cancer.Methods:This clinical observational study enrolled 329 patients between January 2020 and August 2020 in a single gastric cancer center.The questionnaire consisted of 4 par ts:basic information,preoperative status,intraoperative status,and postoperative status of ERAS implementation in gastric cancer surgery.Results:In the preoperative period,patients'education and counseling(100%)were well adopted.Smoking cessation(34.6%),drinking cessation(36.9%),avoidance of preoperative mechanical bowel preparation(24.3%),respiratory function training(11.2%),and administration of carbohydrate-rich drink before surgery(0.6%)were relatively not well adopted.During the operation,maintenance of intraoperative normothermia and fluid management(100%),as well as epidural analgesia(81.5%),were well adopted.Thromboprophylaxis was performed in 133(40.4%)patients.In the postoperative period,early active mobilization was implemented about 9.5 h,and early ambulation was implemented about 39.5 h,after surgery.A total of 140(42.5%)patients received prolonged prophylactic antibiotics;268(81.5%)patients were provided diet upon gas passage;and 320(97.3%)patients received intravenous fluid administration more than 5 d after surgery.The practice rate of early removal of urinary catheter(0%)and nasogastric tube(15.5%)was relatively low.A total of 11(3.3%)patients experienced postoperative complication,and 1(0.3%)patient received unplanned reoperation.The average costs were￥59,500,and the average hospital stay was 12(5,36)d.Conclusions:Standard perioperative management of ERAS program in gastric cancer surgery in China still requires improvement.

基于Achieve模式的2022年数学新高考试题与课程标准一致性研究

文章选用Achieve一致性分析工具,对2022年新高考数学Ⅰ卷与课程标准的一致性进行分析,从向心性、挑战性和均衡性三个维度,得出高考数学在内容向心性、表现向心性、挑战的来源、挑战的层次、平衡和范围六个指标上的一致性结果.根据研究结果,对今后高考试卷命制提出建议以及展望.

Regenerative Medicine in Orthopaedics: Microsurgery Achievements for Translational Animal Model

Purpose: Despite many scientific advances, Regenerative Medicine is still in the preclinical stages in many areas. In this article, we intend to discuss the role of microsurgery in the bench-to-bedside transition of such primary findings. Method: By searching the papers related to the history of Regenerative Medicine (RM) and the news of Tissue Engineering (TE) in orthopedics in Pubmed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases, we accessed a complete archive of various topics related to this field. Result: We first assessed the history and achievements of regenerative medicine, then we realized the importance of translational medical sciences and the role of animal models in this incipient phenomenon. Finally, after mastering the capabilities of microsurgery and the useful contribution of this technique to the advancement of clinical applications of regenerative medicine in various branches such as skin, skeletal system, nerves, and blood vessels, we decided to express the gist of our studies through this article. Conclusion: Considering the widespread use of small animals in regenerative medicine projects and the inevitable role of microsurgery in performing the best intervention on these animal models, the significant progress of regenerative medicine clinical application requires special attention to microsurgery in associated research.

基于Achieve工具的2020年高考物理试题与新课程标准的一致性研究

利用Achieve分析工具,对2020年全国新课标高考Ⅱ卷物理试题与新课程标准的一致性进行研究。结果表明:试题在知识内容与认知水平方面与新课标一致性达到标准;在均衡性方面存在差异:表现在主题的重要性不同,考查知识内容范围不够全面;试题挑战层次等级分布图呈现正偏态,总体难度偏低。建议试题从多方面、多角度对知识进行综合性考查,更加紧密结合新课标的要求,着重体现物理核心素养。

A Study of the Relationship between Advanced Vocational College Students' Self-esteem and Their English Achievements

Self-esteem is one of personality traits in the process of language learning.There is a close relationship between the level of self-esteem and language learning achievements.The purpose of the study is to discuss the relationship between EFL self-esteem and English achievements in the process of their English learning.The study also shows that EFL self-esteem can influence English achievements.On the other hand,English achievements can influence EFL self-esteem too.Based on the research,some methods are proposed to help strengthen students' EFL self-esteem and improve their English achievement.

Relationships Between Achievement Emotions, Motivation and Language Learning Strategies of High, Mid and Low English Language Achievers

Overseas research has shown that achievement emotions have direct relationships with ＂achievement outcome＂ and＂achievement activities＂. The purpose of the present study aimed to compare the relationships betweenachievement emotions, motivation, and language learning strategies of high, mid and low achievers in Englishlanguage learning at an international university in a southern province in China. Quantitative data were collectedthrough a questionnaire survey of 74 （16 males, 58 females） TESL major students. Results indicated that studentsin general experienced more positive than negative achievement emotions; more intrinsically rather thanextrinsically motivated to learn English; and quite frequently used a variety of learning strategies to overcome theirlearning difficulties. However, Year Four low-achievers experienced more negative achievement emotions. Theyseldom used metacognitive, affective and social learning strategies, and they had lower degrees of intrinsicmotivation. Implications for institutional support for at risk students are discussed.

An Evaluation of the English Achievement Test for Junior High School Graduation 2012

This paper evaluates the Achievement Test for Junior High School Graduation in reliability,validity and practicality,which is aimed to help junior English teachers to understand how to identify a useful test and develop their test writing skills as well as improve their teaching.The result suggests that the Achievement Test is a reasonably reliable and valid test though some of the listening items need to be improved.It is the ideal frame of evaluating language learning through language testing.

English Learning Styles and English Achievements of Students Majoring in P.E.,Art and Music

Learning styles are considered as an important individual difference of affecting learning efficiency and English achievements.This research focuses on the sophomores whose majors are Physical Education (P.E.),Art and Music (P.A.M.students) in Yangtze Normal University to investigate into total learning styles,the relationships concerning major,English achievement respectively with learning styles.The results show that participants prefer group learning style rather than auditory learning style;there is no possible links between learning styles and their majors,and English achievements.

On Developing the Questionnaire for Evaluating PBL's Multiple Learning Achievements

How to comprehensively,scientifically,objectively and impartially evaluate the multiple learning achievements of the PBL model should be highlighted when PBL is introduced and applied.A questionnaire of a total of 23 items involving such dimensions of language proficiency,subject contents and 21 st Century skills was designed.Its reliability and validity were tested and well-met with the statistical requirements.

基于Achieve工具的高考化学试题与课程标准的一致性研究

借助Achieve一致性分析工具,开展2019年普通高中化学课标Ⅰ卷与课程标准一致性的研究。研究表明,试题与课程标准的一致性达到标准的指标有内容向心性、挑战的来源、部分主题范围的一致性、部分主题平衡的一致性、部分主题挑战层次的一致性。表现向心性上,试题与课程标准的一致性未达到标准。根据研究结果,提出课程教学与试题命制的建议。

基于Achieve分析模型的新高考化学试题与课程标准的一致性研究——以湖南省2021年普通高中学业水平选择性考试为例

运用Achieve一致性分析工具,分别从向心性、均衡性、挑战性维度对湖南省2021年普通高中学业水平选择性考试化学试题与《普通高中化学课程标准(2017年版2020年修订)》的一致性进行研究。统计发现:在向心性上,高考化学试题与课程标准的一致性较好,但试题对知识内容的考查比率仍有待提升;试题过于偏重某些主题或模块,需提高试题与课程标准在均衡性、挑战性上的一致性。建议进一步提高化学试题中知识内容的考查比例;提升试题考查的认知水平,增强高考试题与课程标准中认知要求的匹配程度;提高试题的挑战等级,凸显化学实验的独特价值。

Hybrid rice achievements, development and prospect in China

This article reviews the history and progress of hybrid rice development. Hybrid rice research was initiated back in 1964, and commercialized in 1976. Three-line and two-line system hybrid rice were developed in 1974 and 1995, respectively. Research on super hybrid rice, which was first launched by Ministry of Agriculture, China in 1996, is discussed, and the great progress of super hybrid rice had been achieved with a new yield record by 15.4 t ha^-1 in the 6.84 ha demonstration location in Xupu, Hunan Province, China in 2014. And the mechanism of heterosis, the techniques of hybrid seed production and the modern field managements in hybrid rice over the past decades are also discussed. Additionally, this article dealt with the intellectual property protection（IPR） and development of hybrid rice seed industry in China. Major factors that constrain hybrid rice development are analyzed and possible solutions to this problems are proposed. Finally, the authors present methods to further increase production yield, and propose an improvement for breeding super high-yielding hybrid rice based on these methods.

Prunus genetics and applications after de novo genome sequencing:achievements and prospects

Prior to the availability of whole-genome sequences,our understanding of the structural and functional aspects of Prunus tree genomes was limited mostly to molecular genetic mapping of important traits and development of EST resources.With public release of the peach genome and others that followed,significant advances in our knowledge of Prunus genomes and the genetic underpinnings of important traits ensued.In this review,we highlight key achievements in Prunus genetics and breeding driven by the availability of these whole-genome sequences.Within the structural and evolutionary contexts,we summarize:(1)the current status of Prunus whole-genome sequences;(2)preliminary and ongoing work on the sequence structure and diversity of the genomes;(3)the analyses of Prunus genome evolution driven by natural and man-made selection;and(4)provide insight into haploblocking genomes as a means to define genome-scale patterns of evolution that can be leveraged for trait selection in pedigree-based Prunus tree breeding programs worldwide.Functionally,we summarize recent and ongoing work that leverages whole-genome sequences to identify and characterize genes controlling 22 agronomically important Prunus traits.These include phenology,fruit quality,allergens,disease resistance,tree architecture,and self-incompatibility.Translationally,we explore the application of sequence-based marker-assisted breeding technologies and other sequence-guided biotechnological approaches for Prunus crop improvement.Finally,we present the current status of publically available Prunus genomics and genetics data housed mainly in the Genome Database for Rosaceae(GDR)and its updated functionalities for future bioinformatics-based Prunus genetics and genomics inquiry.

Associations between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and academic achievement in Australian primary school-aged children

Background:Few studies have investigated associations between academic achievement and meeting recommendations from the 24-hour(24-h)movement guidelines.The specific guidelines associated with the most benefit academic achievement are unknown.Utilizing both self-report and objective movement data,this study examined associations between academic achievement and meeting individual recommendations and combinations of recommendations from the 24-h movement guidelines(sleep,physical activity,and screen time).Methods:Data from CheckPoint,a cross-sectional study nested between Waves 6 and 7 of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children,were used.Movement behaviors were measured using 24-h wrist-worn accelerometry(GENEActiv(Activinsights,Kimbolton,UK))and were selfreported by children using the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adolescents.Academic achievement was measured using a nationally administered standardized test in literacy and numeracy.Analysis of covariance,with t tests with sequential Bonferroni adjustments,was used to compare academic achievement with all possible combinations of meeting recommendations,adjusting for demographic confounders.Two models were considered:guideline compliance assessed by self-report(n=1270,mean age=11.99 years,52%males)and by accelerometry(for moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity(MVPA)and sleep))and self-report(screen time)in combination(n=927,mean age=11.97 years,52%males).Results:Literacy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=3.08,p=0.003)and accelerometer derived(F_((7,915))=2.40,p=0.02)guideline compliance.Numeracy achievement significantly differed based on self-report(F_((7,1258))=2.92,p=0.005)but not accelerometer derived guideline compliance(F_((7,915))=0.80,p=0.58).When assessed by self-report,children who met all guidelines(t_((334))=-4.05,p=0.0001)or met the screen time and sleep guidelines in combination(t_((125))=-5.02,p<0.001)had superior literacy achievement.Meeting the self-report MVPA guideline in any combination was associated with higher numeracy scores(p<0.05).Post-hoc analyses showed no differences in academic achievement for any category of accelerometer derived guideline compliance.Conclusion:The findings suggest that limiting recreational screen time is important for literacy achievement and that encouraging compliance with the MVPA guideline is important for numeracy achievement.

基于Achieve模式的2018年全国高考数学试题与最新版课程标准一致性研究

借鉴Achieve一致性模式,分别从内容向心性、表现向心性、挑战来源、挑战等级、范围、平衡6项指标,对2018年高考理科数学全国卷Ⅰ与《普通高中数学课程标准(2017年版)》的一致性进行分析,研究发现:知识内容的考查较新课标虽存在滞后性,但认知要求类型基本符合新课标的要求;知识领域中学习目标的考查比率总体虽较低,但知识领域的考查总体符合要求;试题编制无科学性错误,但挑战等级难度有待提升。建议进一步完善学习目标知识内容的考查,提高知识领域中学习目标的考查比率;加强试题认知要求类型中的"合理选择与应用"的考查;提升试题挑战等级,更好地发挥高考的选拔功能。