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Thermal pretreatment of willow branches impacts yield and pore development of activated carbon in subsequent activation with ZnCl_(2) via modifying cellulose structure
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作者 Linghui Kong Chao Li +7 位作者 Runxing Sun Shu Zhang Yi Wang Jun Xiang Song Hu Dong Wang Chuanjun Leng Xun Hu 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第5期227-237,共11页
Development of pore structures of activated carbon(AC)from activation of biomass with ZnCl_(2) relies on content and structure of cellulose/hemicellulose in the feedstock.Thermal pretreatment of biomass could induce d... Development of pore structures of activated carbon(AC)from activation of biomass with ZnCl_(2) relies on content and structure of cellulose/hemicellulose in the feedstock.Thermal pretreatment of biomass could induce dehydration and/or aromatization to change the structure of cellulose/hemicellulose.This might interfere with evolution of structures of AC,which was investigated herein via thermal pretreatment of willow branch(WB)from 200 to 360℃and the subsequent activation with ZnCl_(2) at 550℃.The results showed that thermal pretreatment at 360℃(WB-360)could lead to substantial pyrolysis to form biochar,with a yield of 31.9%,accompanying with nearly complete destruction of cellulose crystals and remarkably enhanced aromatic degree.However,cellulose residual in WB-360 could still be activated to form AC-360 with specific surface area of 1837.9 m~2·g^(-1),which was lower than that in AC from activation of untreated WB(AC-blank,2077.8 m~2·g^(-1)).Nonetheless,the AC-200 from activation of WB-200 had more developed pores(2113.9 m~2·g^(-1))and superior capability for adsorption of phenol,due to increased permeability of ZnCl_(2) to the largely intact cellulose structure in WB-200.The thermal pretreatment did increase diameters of micropores of AC but reduced the overall yield of AC(26.8%for AC-blank versus 18.0%for AC-360),resulting from accelerated cracking but reduced intensity of condensation.In-situ infrared characterization of the activation showed that ZnCl_(2) mainly catalyzed dehydration,dehydrogenation,condensation,and aromatization but not cracking,suppressing the formation of derivatives of cellulose and lignin in bio-oil.The thermal pretreatment formed phenolic-OH and C=O with higher chemical innerness,which changed the reaction network in activation,shifting morphology of fibrous structures in AC-blank to“melting surface”in AC-200 or AC-280. 展开更多
关键词 Thermal pretreatment activation with ZnCl_(2) Willow branch Activated carbon Biochar
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Ultra-high specific surface area activated carbon from Taihu cyanobacteria via KOH activation for enhanced methylene blue adsorption
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作者 Yifang Mi Wenqiang Wang +4 位作者 Sen Zhang Yalong Guo Yufeng Zhao Guojin Sun Zhihai Cao 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第3期106-116,共11页
Cyanobacteria-based activated carbon(CBAC)was successfully prepared by pyrolysis-activation of Taihu cyanobacteria.When the impregnation ratio and activated temperature were 2 and 800-C,respectively,the optimal CBACs ... Cyanobacteria-based activated carbon(CBAC)was successfully prepared by pyrolysis-activation of Taihu cyanobacteria.When the impregnation ratio and activated temperature were 2 and 800-C,respectively,the optimal CBACs possessed an ultra-high specific surface(2178.90 m^(2)·g^(-1))and plenty of micro-and meso-pores,as well as a high pore volume(1.01 cm^(3)·g^(-1)).Ascribed to ultra-high surface area,π-π interaction,electrostatic interaction,as well as hydrogen-bonding interactions,the CBACs displayed huge superiority in efficient dye removal.The saturated methylene blue adsorption capacity by CBACs could be as high as 1143.4 mg·g^(-1),superior to that of other reported biomass-activated carbons.The adsorption was endothermic and modeled well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic,intra-particle diffusion,and Langmuir models.This work presented the effectiveness of Taihu cyanobacteria adsorbent ascribed to its super large specific surface area and high adsorption ability. 展开更多
关键词 Activated carbon BIOMASS Dye adsorption Taihu cyanobacteria
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Properties of Activated Carbons from Sugarcane Leaves and Rice Straw Derived Charcoals by Activation at Low Temperature via KMnO_(4)Pre-Oxidation-Hydrolysis
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作者 Sumrit Mopoung Narissara Namkaew and Sasiwan Srikasaem 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2024年第8期1433-1454,共22页
Activated carbon preparation from sugarcane leaves and rice straw by carbonization(250℃–400℃)and activation at 500℃were studied.The effects of pre-oxidation,hydrolysis of derived charcoals by boiled KMnO4 aqueous ... Activated carbon preparation from sugarcane leaves and rice straw by carbonization(250℃–400℃)and activation at 500℃were studied.The effects of pre-oxidation,hydrolysis of derived charcoals by boiled KMnO4 aqueous solution were evaluated.The derived charcoals products were pretreated using oxidation-hydrolysis with 1–5 wt.%KMnO4 at 100℃and then activated at 500℃.The derived charcoal and activated carbon products were characterized by FTIR,XRD,SEM-EDS and BET.Iodine number and methylene blue number of derived products were also used for the analysis of the products.It was found that fabricated charcoal materials made at 350℃–400℃possess good characteristics with low content of surface functional groups and high carbon content.After pre-oxidation-hydrolysis and activation at 500℃,the resulting derived activated carbon materials from charcoals with 400℃carbonization temperature have high content of oxygen containing surface functional groups such as Mn-O,Si-O,Si-O-Si,C-O,or O-H.In addition,MnO_(2) accumulated on the surface of the derived activated carbon products.The surface area and pore volume of the activated carbon products have also increased with increasing of KMnO_(4) concentration from 1 to 3 wt.%and then decreased with 5 wt.%used during activation.Therefore,activated carbon products made by pre-oxidation-hydrolysis with 3 wt.%KMnO_(4) were used for Fe(Ⅲ)adsorption experiments.It was found that Fe(Ⅲ)adsorption on the activated carbon materials can be fitted with both the Freundlich and the Langmuir models.The calculated maximum Fe(Ⅲ)adsorption capacities of sugarcane leaves derived activated carbon and rice straw derived activated carbon products were 50.00 and 39.37 mg/g,respectively.It was shown that the effect of pre-oxidation-hydrolysis by KMnO_(4) and activation at 500℃are beneficial for activated carbon preparation with environmentally friendly and low-cost simplified operation. 展开更多
关键词 Activated carbon potassium permanganate pre-oxidation-hydrolysis low carbonization temperature low activation temperature
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Adsorption of congo red on mesoporous activated carbon prepared by CO2 physical activation 被引量:9
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作者 Mingjie Ma Huijuan Ying +2 位作者 Fangfang Cao Qining Wang Ning Ai 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2020年第4期1069-1076,共8页
This research demonstrates the production of mesoporous activated carbon from sargassum fusiforme via physical activation with carbon dioxide.Central composite design was applied to conduct the experiments at differen... This research demonstrates the production of mesoporous activated carbon from sargassum fusiforme via physical activation with carbon dioxide.Central composite design was applied to conduct the experiments at different levels by altering three operating parameters.Activation temperature(766-934℃),CO2 flow rate(0.8-2.8 L·min^-1)and activation time(5-55 min)were the variables examined in this study.The effect of parameters on the specific surface area,total pore volume and burn-out rate of activated carbon was studied,and the influential parameters of methylene blue adsorption value were identified employing analysis of variance.The optimum conditions for maximum methylene blue adsorption value were:activation temperature=900℃,activation time=29.05 min and CO2 flow rate=1.8 L·min(-1).The activated carbon produced under optimum conditions was characterized by BET,FTIR and SEM.The adsorption behavior on congo red was studied.The effect of parameters on the adsorbent dosage,temperature,PH and initial congo red concentration was investigated.The adsorption properties of the activated carbon were investigated by kinetics.The equilibrium removal rate and maximum adsorption capacity reaches up to 94.72%,234 mg·g^-1,respectively when initial congo red concentration is 200 mg·L^-1 under adsorbent dosage(0.8 g·L^-1),temperature(30℃),PH7. 展开更多
关键词 Sargassum fusiforme Mesoporous activated carbon Congo red Response surface method KINETICS
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Effects of coal rank, Fe_3O_4 amounts and activation temperature on the preparation and characteristics of magnetic activated carbon 被引量:14
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作者 YANG Mingshun XIE Qiang ZHANG Jun LIU Juan WANG Yan ZHANG Xianglan ZHANG Qingwu 《Mining Science and Technology》 EI CAS 2010年第6期872-876,共5页
Coal-based Magnetic Activated Carbons (CMAC's) were prepared from three representative coal samples of various ranks: Baorigele lignite from Inner Mongolia; Datong bitumite from Shanxi province; and Taixi anthraci... Coal-based Magnetic Activated Carbons (CMAC's) were prepared from three representative coal samples of various ranks: Baorigele lignite from Inner Mongolia; Datong bitumite from Shanxi province; and Taixi anthracite from Ningxia Hui Auto- nomous Region. Fe3O4 was used as a magnetic additive. A nitrogen-adsorption analyzer was used to determine the specific surface area and pore structure of the resulting activated carbons. The adsorption capacity was assessed by the adsorption of iodine and methylene blue. X-ray diffraction was used to measure the evolution behavior of Fe304 during the preparation process. Magnetic properties were characterized with a vibrating-sample magnetometer. The effect of the activation temperature on the performance of CMAC's was also studied. The results show that, compared to Baorigele lignite and Taixi anthracite, the Datong bitumite is more appropriate for the preparation of CMAC's with a high specific surface area, an advanced pore structure and suitable magnetic properties. Fe304 can effectively enhance the magnetic properties and control the pore structure by increasing the ratio of meso- pores. An addition of 6.0% Fe304 and an activation temperature of 880 ℃ produced a CMAC having a specific surface area, an iodine adsorption, a methylene blue adsorption and a specific saturation magnetization of 1152.0 m2/g, 1216.7 mg/g, 229.5 mg/g and 4.623 emu/g, respectively. The coal used to prepare this specimen was Datong bitumite. 展开更多
关键词 magnetic activated carbon coal rank Fe304 activation temperature
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Effects of thermal activation conditions on the microstructure regulation of corncob-derived activated carbon for hydrogen storage 被引量:7
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作者 Dabin Wang Zhen Geng +2 位作者 Cunman Zhang Xiangyang Zhou Xupeng Liu 《Journal of Energy Chemistry》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2014年第5期601-608,共8页
Activated carbons derived from corncob (CACs) were prepared by pyrolysis carbonization and KOH activation. Through modifying activation conditions, samples with large pore volume and ultrahigh BET specific surface a... Activated carbons derived from corncob (CACs) were prepared by pyrolysis carbonization and KOH activation. Through modifying activation conditions, samples with large pore volume and ultrahigh BET specific surface area could be obtained. The sample achieved the highest hydrogen uptake capacity of 5.80 wt% at 40 bar and -196℃ The as-obtained samples were characterized by N2-sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, thermogravimetric analysis was also employed to investigate the activation behavior of CACs. Detailed investigation on the activation parameters reveals that moderate activation temperature and heating rate are favorable for preparing CACs with high surface area, large pore volume and optimal pore size distribution. Meanwhile, the micropore volume between 0.65 nm and 0.85 nm along with BET surface area and total pore volume has great effects on hydrogen uptake capacities. The present results indicate that CACs are the most promising materials for hydrogen storage application. 展开更多
关键词 corncob-derived activated carbon KOH activation activation conditions hydrogen storage
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Influence of KOH activation techniques on pore structure and electrochemical property of carbon electrode materials 被引量:6
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作者 李晶 李劼 +3 位作者 赖延清 宋海申 张治安 刘业翔 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 EI 2006年第4期360-366,共7页
Taking the selection of coal-tar pitch as precursor and KOH as activated agent, the activated carbon electrode material was fabricated for supercapacitor.The surface area and the pore structure of activated carbon wer... Taking the selection of coal-tar pitch as precursor and KOH as activated agent, the activated carbon electrode material was fabricated for supercapacitor.The surface area and the pore structure of activated carbon were analyzed by Nitro adsorption method. The electrochemical properties of the activated carbons were determined using two-electrode capacitors in 6 mol/L KOH aqueous electrolytes. The influences of activated temperature and mass ratio of KOH to C on the pore structure and electrochemical property of porous activated carbon were investigated in detail. The reasons for the changes of pore structure and electrochemical performance of activated carbon prepared under different conditions were also discussed theoretically. The results indicate that the maximum specific capacitance of 240 F/g can be obtained in alkaline medium, and the surface area, the pore structure and the specific capacitance of activated carbon depend on the treatment methods; the capacitance variation of activated carbon cannot be interpreted only by the change of surface area and pore structure, the lattice order and the electrolyte wetting effect of the activated carbon should also be taken into account. 展开更多
关键词 SUPERCAPACITOR activated carbon chemical activation pore structure specific capacitance
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Characteristics of activated carbon prepared from Chinese fir sawdust by zinc chloride activation under vacuum condition 被引量:4
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作者 丘克强 杨素文 杨娟 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第3期385-391,共7页
The preparation of activated carbon from Chinese fir sawdust by zinc chloride activation under both nitrogen atmosphere and vacuum conditions was carded out in a self-manufactured vacuum pyrolysis reactor. The effects... The preparation of activated carbon from Chinese fir sawdust by zinc chloride activation under both nitrogen atmosphere and vacuum conditions was carded out in a self-manufactured vacuum pyrolysis reactor. The effects of the system pressure and the activation condition (nitrogen or vacuum) on pore development were investigated. The results show that both high quality activated carbon and high added-value bio-oil can be obtained simultaneously via vacuum chemical activation. The characteristics of the activated carbons produced under vacuum conditions are better than those prepared under nitrogen atmosphere. The performance parameters of the activated carbon obtained under vacuum conditions are as follows: the pore size distribution is mainly microporous, the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area is 1 070.59 m^2/g, the microporous volume is 0.502 4 cm^3/g, the average pore size is 2.085 nm, and the iodine adsorption value and the methylene blue adsorption value are 1 142.92 and 131.34 mg/g, respectively. The activated carbon from vacuum chemical activation has developed micropores, and the N2 adsorption equilibrium constant of the corresponding activated carbon gradually increases with the decrease of reaction system pressure. 展开更多
关键词 activated carbon BIO-OIL Chinese fir sawdust system pressure vacuum chemical activation
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Offgas Analysis and Pyrolysis Mechanism of Activated Carbon from Bamboo Sawdust by Chemical Activation With KOH 被引量:4
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作者 田勇 王秀芳 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2011年第1期10-14,共5页
Bamboo sawdust was used as the precursor for the multipurpose use of waste. Offgases released during the activation process of bamboo by KOH were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively by a gas analyzer. TG/DTG... Bamboo sawdust was used as the precursor for the multipurpose use of waste. Offgases released during the activation process of bamboo by KOH were investigated quantitatively and qualitatively by a gas analyzer. TG/DTG curves during the pyrolysis process with different impregnation weight ratios (KOH to bamboo) were obtained by a thermogravimetric analyzer. Pyrolysis mechanism of bamboo was proposed. The results showed that the offgases were composed of CO, NO, SO2 and hydrocarbon with the concentration of 1 372, 37, 86, 215 mg/L, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the pyrolytic process mainly experienced two steps. The first was the low temperature activation step (lower than 300 ℃), which was the pre-activation and induction period. The second was the high temperature activation step(higher than 550 ℃), which was a radial activation followed by pore production. The second process was the key to control the pore distribution of the final product. 展开更多
关键词 offgas pyrolysis mechanism activated carbon BAMBOO
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Preparation and electrochemical characterization of activated carbons by chemical-physical activation 被引量:4
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作者 张治安 崔沐 +2 位作者 赖延清 李劼 刘业翔 《Journal of Central South University》 SCIE EI CAS 2009年第1期91-95,共5页
A process was proposed based on the combination of chemical and physical activation for the production of activated carbons used as the electrode material for electric double layer capacitor (EDLC). By material charac... A process was proposed based on the combination of chemical and physical activation for the production of activated carbons used as the electrode material for electric double layer capacitor (EDLC). By material characterization and electrochemical methods, the influences of the activitation process on the specific surface area, pore structure and electrochemical properties of the activated carbons were investigated. The results show that specific surface area, the mesopore volume, and the specific capacitance increase with the increase of the mass ratio of KOH to char (m(KOH)/m(char)) and the activation time, respectively. When m(KOH)/m(char) is 4.0, the specific surface area and the mesopore volume reach the maximum values, i.e. 1 960 m2/g and 0.308 4 cm3/g, and the specific capacitance is 120.7 F/g synchronously. Compared with the chemical activation, the activated carbons prepared by chemical-physical activation show a larger mesopore volume, a higher ratio of mesopore and a larger specific capacitance. 展开更多
关键词 activated carbon electric double layer capacitor chemical-physical activation pore structure
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Secondary Activation of Commercial Activated Carbon and its Application in Electric Double Layer Capacitor 被引量:3
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作者 HuiYANG MasakiYOSHIO 《Chinese Chemical Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2002年第8期787-790,共4页
The cheap commercial activated carbon (AC) was improved through the secondary activation under steam in the presence of FeCl2 catalyst in the temperature range of 800-950℃ and its application in electric double layer... The cheap commercial activated carbon (AC) was improved through the secondary activation under steam in the presence of FeCl2 catalyst in the temperature range of 800-950℃ and its application in electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) with organic electrolyte was studied. The re-activation of AC results in the increases in both specific capacitance and high rate capability of EDLCs. For AC treated under optimized conditions, its discharge specific capacitance increases up to 55.65 F/g, an increase of about 33% as compared to the original AC, and the high rate capability was increased significantly. The good performances of EDLC with improved AC were correlated to the increasing mesoporous ratio. 展开更多
关键词 Activated carbon electric double layer capacitor IMPROVEMENT high rate capability.
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Preparation of Activated Carbon from Durian Rind with Difference Activations and Its Optimization 被引量:3
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作者 Pongsert Sriprom Warawut Krusong Pornsawan Assawasaengrat 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2021年第2期311-324,共14页
Durian rind wastes are an important raw material for activated carbon production due to their renewable sources and low-cost materials.The efficiency of increasing surface area and the quantity of oxygen groups on the... Durian rind wastes are an important raw material for activated carbon production due to their renewable sources and low-cost materials.The efficiency of increasing surface area and the quantity of oxygen groups on the surface of activated carbon were studied for the preparation of activated carbon.The preparation of activated carbon has been studied with the different methods as follows:activation by acid,activation by base,hydrothermal and activation by acid,and hydrothermal and activation by base.The results showed that hydrothermal and activation by acid had high iodine number which was chosen to determine the optimum condition for activated carbon preparation.The optimum condition for preparation of durian rind activated carbon was studied by Box-Behnken design.Solid/water ratio,solid/acid ratio and temperature were chosen as the important parameters for achieving the optimum reaction condition.The reaction products were analyzed by iodine number.Based on the results,the optimum condition for preparation of durian rind activated carbon was predicted using RSM.The maximum iodine number of 626.47 mg/g was expected at the optimum condition:solid/water ratio(1:175,g/mL),solid/acid ratio(1:23,g/mL)and temperature(500℃).The preparation of durian rind activated carbon at the optimal condition was carried;the percentages of iodine number achieved(666.73±6 mg/g)were close to the maximum predicted value(666.73 mg/g),thus verifying the model.At the optimum condition,the functional group on surface of durian rind activated carbon was characterized by FT-IR.The result showed that the oxygen content on surface was increased in the form of carbonyl and sulfonyl group. 展开更多
关键词 Durian rind activated carbon HYDROTHERMAL iodine number
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Preparation and modification of activated carbon for benzene adsorption by steam activation in the presence of KOH 被引量:12
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作者 Yao Xin Liu Jinchang +2 位作者 Gong Guozhuo Jiang Yu Xie Qiang 《International Journal of Mining Science and Technology》 SCIE EI 2013年第3期395-401,共7页
A series of activated carbons from Taixi anthracite were prepared by steam activation in the presence of KOH and then they were modified by different methods. The regulation of porosity and the modification of surface... A series of activated carbons from Taixi anthracite were prepared by steam activation in the presence of KOH and then they were modified by different methods. The regulation of porosity and the modification of surface chemistry were carried out with the aim to improve the benzene adsorption capacity of activated carbon. The influences of KOH and activation process parameters including activation temperature, activation time and steam flow rate on porosity of activated carbon were evaluated, and the effect of modification methods on surface chemistry was investigated. Also, the relationship between benzene adsorption capacity and porosity and surface chemistry was analyzed. Results show that activation temperature is the dominant factor in the activation process; the introduction of KOH into the raw material can enhance the reactivity of char in activation process, meanwhile it shows a negative effect on the porosity development, especially on the mesopore development. Results of FTIR analysis indicate that anthracite-based activated carbon with condensed aromatics and chemically inert oxygen does not present the nature to be surface modified. Besides, benzene adsorption capacity has an approximate linear relationship with surface area and in our preparation, benzene adsorption capacity and surface area of activated carbon are up to 1210 m 2 /g and 423 mg/g, respectively. 展开更多
关键词 Activated carbon Steam activation Surface modification Benzene Potassium hydroxide
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Activated Carbon from Rice Husk with One-Step KOH Mechanical Mixing Activation as Adsorbent for Treating Phenolic Wastewater 被引量:2
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作者 Jiang Bolong Jiang Nan +1 位作者 Shi Shunjie Cui Yanyan 《China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology》 SCIE CAS 2022年第4期108-119,共12页
This study investigates how large-surface-area biocarbons with high phenolic adsorption capacities can be obtained from cheap and abundant rice husk(RH).The RH is directly mixed with potassium hydroxide(KOH)and activa... This study investigates how large-surface-area biocarbons with high phenolic adsorption capacities can be obtained from cheap and abundant rice husk(RH).The RH is directly mixed with potassium hydroxide(KOH)and activated in a flowing N_(2) atmosphere,and the effects of the pyrolysis temperature and KOH to RH ratio on the structure of the obtained activated carbon adsorbents and their adsorption of p-nitrophenol and phenol are studied.The results show that the optimum pyrolysis temperature of RH is 750℃,whereby the highest surface area of 2047 m^(2)/g and best adsorption performance are obtained with a KOH to RH ratio of 3:1.Moreover,the obtained biocarbons achieve a maximum adsorption capacity of 175 mg/g for phenol and 430 mg/g for p-nitrophenol,which are higher than most previously reported data. 展开更多
关键词 Rice husk activated carbon KOH activation wastewater treatment P-NITROPHENOL PHENOL
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Liver Nuclear Activation of Carbon Tetrachloride or Bromotrichloromethane to Trichloromethyl and Trichloromethylperoxyl Free Radicals.Their Reactions With Lipids and Proteins 被引量:4
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作者 S. L. FANELLI G. D. CASTRO M. E. GALELLI AND J. A. CASTRO (Centro de Investigaciones Toxicologicas(CEITOX)-CITEFA/CONICET, Zufriategui 4380, 1603 Villa Martelli,Buenos Aires, Argentina)(Send correspondence to Dr. Jose Alberto Castro, Zufriategui 4380, 1 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1998年第2期101-114,共14页
The formation of·CCl3 radicals in liver nuclei was suggested by spin trapping of them with N-t-butyl-α-phenylnitrone followed by GC/MS detection of the resulting adduct. Comparison of its formation in microsomal... The formation of·CCl3 radicals in liver nuclei was suggested by spin trapping of them with N-t-butyl-α-phenylnitrone followed by GC/MS detection of the resulting adduct. Comparison of its formation in microsomal biotransformation of CCl4 was made. In aerobic nuclear activation mixtures containing NADPH and CCl4, significant decrease in the arachidonic acid content of nuclear lipids was observed (27. 8%, compared to control), the intensity of this decrease was lower than that occurring in the corresponding microsomal incubation mixtures (29.1%). Significant decreases in arachidonic acid content of nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum lipids were also observed in animals at 6 hours of poisoning with the haloalkane. During aerobic nuclear metabolism of CCl4 or CBrCl3, cholesterol oxidation products were detected: a ketocholesterol, an epoxide like structure and 7-ketocholesterol. Nuclear protein carbonyl formation was not promoted during nuclear CCl4 biotransformation. NADPH by itself may lead to protein carbonyl formation during prolonged periods of incubation. CBrCl3 in contrast, led to decreased protein carbonyl formation. No increase in nuclear protein carbonyl formation was observed in CCl4 intoxicated animals during periods of time between 1 to 6 hours after treatment. The results indicate that during nuclear biotransformation of CCl4 or CBrCl3 reactive free radicals, PUFA degradation, reactive aldehydes and cholesterol oxidation products are formed, nearby DNA and regulatory proteins. 展开更多
关键词 NADPH Liver Nuclear activation of carbon Tetrachloride or Bromotrichloromethane to Trichloromethyl and Trichloromethylperoxyl Free Radicals.Their Reactions With Lipids and Proteins Free
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Preparation of activated carbon from sunflower straw through H_(3)PO_(4) activation and its application for acid fuchsin dye adsorption 被引量:1
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作者 Wen-de Zhao Li-ping Chen Yan Jiao 《Water Science and Engineering》 EI CAS CSCD 2023年第2期192-202,共11页
With the development circular economy, the use of agricultural waste to prepare biomass materials to remove pollutants has become a research hotspot. In this study, sunflower straw activated carbon (SSAC) was prepared... With the development circular economy, the use of agricultural waste to prepare biomass materials to remove pollutants has become a research hotspot. In this study, sunflower straw activated carbon (SSAC) was prepared by the one-step activation method, with sunflower straw (SS) used as the raw material and H3PO4 used as the activator. Four types of SSAC were prepared with impregnation ratios (weight of SS to weight of H3PO4) of 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:5, corresponding to SSAC1, SSAC2, SSAC3, and SSAC4, respectively. The adsorption process of acid fuchsin (AF) in water using the four types of SSAC was studied. The results showed that the impregnation ratio significantly affected the structure of the materials. The increase in the impregnation ratio increased the specific surface area and pore volume of SSAC and improved the adsorption capacity of AF. However, an impregnation ratio that was too large led to a decrease in specific surface area. SSAC3, with an impregnation ratio of 1:3, had the largest specific surface area (1 794.01 m2/g), and SSAC4, with an impregnation ratio of 1:5, exhibited the smallest microporosity (0.052 7 cm3/g) and the largest pore volume (2.549 cm3/g). The adsorption kinetics of AF using the four types of SSAC agreed with the quasi-second-order adsorption kinetic model. The Langmuir isotherm model was suitable to describe SSAC3 and SSAC4, and the Freundlich isotherm model was appropriate to describe SSAC1 and SSAC2. The result of thermodynamics showed that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. At 303 K, SSAC4 showed a removal rate of 97.73% for 200-mg/L AF with a maximum adsorption capacity of 2 763.36 mg/g, the highest among the four types of SSAC. This study showed that SAAC prepared by the H3PO4-based one-step activation method is a green and efficient carbon material and has significant application potential for the treatment of dye-containing wastewater. 展开更多
关键词 Acid fuchsin Activated carbon Adsorption Sunflower straw Phosphoric acid activation Impregnation ratio
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Systematic Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Activation of Waste Tire by Factorial Design 被引量:1
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作者 P.P.M.Fung W.H.Cheung G.McKay 《Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2012年第3期497-504,共8页
In this study, waste tire was used as raw material for the production of activated carbons through pyrolysis. 'Fire char was first produced by carbomzation at 550℃ under nitrogen. A two tactortal design was used to ... In this study, waste tire was used as raw material for the production of activated carbons through pyrolysis. 'Fire char was first produced by carbomzation at 550℃ under nitrogen. A two tactortal design was used to optimize the production of activated carbon from tire char. The effects of several factors controlling the activation process, such as temperature (.830-930℃), time (2-6h) and percentage ot carbon dioxide (70%-100%) were investigated. The production was described mathematically as a function of these three factors. First order modeling equations were developed for surface area, yield and mesopore volume. It was concluded that the yield, BET surface area and mesopore volume of activated carbon were most sensitive to activation temperature and time while percentage of carbon dioxide in the activation gas was a less significant factor. 展开更多
关键词 activated carbon waste tire factorial design carbon dioxide
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Characterization and Methanol Adsorption of Walnutshell Activated Carbon Prepared by KOH Activation 被引量:3
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作者 余琼粉 李明 +3 位作者 ji xu qiu yu zhu yuntao leng congbin 《Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)》 SCIE EI CAS 2016年第2期260-268,共9页
Walnut-shellactivated carbons(WSACs)were prepared by the KOH chemicalactivation.The effects of carbonization temperature,activation temperature,and ratio of KOH to chars on the pore development of WSACs were investi... Walnut-shellactivated carbons(WSACs)were prepared by the KOH chemicalactivation.The effects of carbonization temperature,activation temperature,and ratio of KOH to chars on the pore development of WSACs were investigated.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray powder diffraction(XRD),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the microstructure and morphology of WSACs.Methanoladsorption performance onto the optimalWSAC and the coal-based AC were also investigated.The results show that the optimalpreparation conditions are a carbonization temperature of 700 ℃,an activation temperature of 700 ℃,and a mass ratio of 3.The BET surface area,the micropore volume,and the micropore volume percentage of the optimalWASC are 1636 m^2/g,0.641 cm^3/g and 81.97%,respectively.There are a lot of micropores and a certain amount of meso-and macropores.The characteristics of the amorphous state are identified.The results show that the optimalWSAC is favorable for methanoladsorption.The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the optimalWSAC is 248.02mg/g.It is shown that the equilibrium adsorption capacity of the optimalWSAC is almost equivalent to that of the common activated carbon.Therefore the optimalWSAC could be a potentialadsorbent for the solar energy adsorption refrigeration cycle. 展开更多
关键词 walnut-shell activated carbon preparation conditions characterization methanol adsorption
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Adsorption of Phenol by Activated Carbon Prepared from Waste Rice Straw by Chemical Activation with (NH_4)_2HPO_4 被引量:1
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作者 高品 刘振鸿 +2 位作者 薛罡 韩彬 周美华 《Journal of Donghua University(English Edition)》 EI CAS 2011年第6期552-558,共7页
Activated carbons,RS-1,RS-2,and RS-3,prepared from rice straw with(NH4)2HPO4 activation were used as adsorbents for removing phenols from aqueous solutions.The maximum adsorption capacities of phenol for RS-1,RS-2,and... Activated carbons,RS-1,RS-2,and RS-3,prepared from rice straw with(NH4)2HPO4 activation were used as adsorbents for removing phenols from aqueous solutions.The maximum adsorption capacities of phenol for RS-1,RS-2,and RS-3 were 163.9,172.9,and 200.0 mg/g,respectively.The equilibrium data were analyzed by the Langmuir,Freundlich,and Temkin models.It displayed that Langmuir isotherm fitted to the results best.The dimensionless parameter RL indicated the favorable nature of the adsorption of phenol.Otherwise,the kinetic rates were well explained by pseudo-second-order model.According to the results,activated carbon derived from waste rice straw can be a high-performance adsorbent for wastewater treatment. 展开更多
关键词 activated carbon rice straw PHENOL (NH4)2HPO4 adsorption isotherm
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Porous Carbon from Corn Flour Prepared by H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>Carbonization Combined with KOH Activation for Supercapacitors 被引量:1
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作者 Xinyang Li Guojiang Wu 《Journal of Power and Energy Engineering》 2021年第8期18-25,共8页
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hierarchical porous activated carbon is a superior material in manufacturing supercapacitors. However, the hierarchical porous structure is hard to obtain from a sing... <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Hierarchical porous activated carbon is a superior material in manufacturing supercapacitors. However, the hierarchical porous structure is hard to obtain from a single activation method. This work was carried out with the anticipa</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">tion</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of producing activated carbon by reactivating corn flour with KOH. By em</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ploying the electrodes, the supercapacitor demonstrated a high discharge capacitance (151.2 F<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">&#183</span>g<sup>-1</sup> at 1 A<span style="font-family:Verdana;white-space:normal;"><span style="font-family:" font-size:13.3333px;white-space:normal;"=""><span class="color-dim" style="box-sizing:border-box;color:#636363;font-family:Montserrat, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " font-size:40px;text-align:center;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">&#183</span></span><span style="color:#191E3F;font-family:Montserrat, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, " font-size:40px;text-align:center;white-space:normal;background-color:#ffffff;"=""></span></span></span>g<span style="font-family:Verdana;font-size:10px;white-space:normal;"><sup>-1</sup></span>), and the specific capacitance is with 3.7 times </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">more capacitance than the activated carbon only through H<sub></sub></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><sub>3</sub></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">PO<sub></sub></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><sub>4</sub></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> activation. T</span></span></span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">he </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mechanism of improving the electrical performance has been discussed th</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">rough </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">performing SEM, XRD, EIS, and Raman analysis. The hierarchical porous a</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nd disordered structure emerge smaller charge transfer resistance, and fast electron transfer.</span></span></span> 展开更多
关键词 Activated carbon Hierarchical Porous Reactivating Corn Flour SUPERCAPACITORS
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