Active plane modulation of Bi_(2)O_(3)nanosheets via Zn substitution for efficient electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction to formic acid

Formic acid is considered one of the most economically viable products for electrocatalytic CO_(2)reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR).However,developing highly active and selective electrocatalysts for effective CO_(2)conversion remains a grand challenge.Herein,we report that structural modulation of the bismuth oxide nanosheet via Zn^(2+)cooperation has a profound positive effect on exposure of the active plane,thereby contributing to high electrocatalytic CO_(2)RR performance.The obtained Zn-Bi_(2)O_(3)catalyst demonstrates superior selectivity towards formate generation in a wide potential range;a high Faradaic efficiency of 95%and a desirable partial current density of around 20 mA·cm^(-2)are obtained at−0.9 V(vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE)).As proposed by density functional theory calculations,Zn substitution is the most energetically feasible for forming and stabilizing the key OCHO*intermediate among the used metal ions.Moreover,the more negative adsorption energy of OCHO*and the relatively low energy barrier for the desorption of HCOOH*are responsible for the enhanced activity and selectivity.

Multifunctional health-promoting effects of oolong tea and its products

Oolong tea,partially fermented from Camellia sinensis leaves,exhibits significant antioxidative,anti-inflammatory,and anti-cancer activities as indicated in several in vitro and in vivo studies.However,studies on health promoting effects of oolong tea and its characteristic compounds are limited.The potential efficacy of bioactives derived from oolong tea and their roles as promising anticancer agents,their cardio-protective benefits during hypoxic conditions,effects in treating allergic disorders,potential prebiotic activities,improvement of blood lipid status in human beings,effectivity as oral hypoglycemic agent in the treatment of type 2 diabetes,and their potentials to reduce the risk of obesity have been discussed in this review.These promising studies mainly gained from animal studies might broaden the consumption and usage of the phenolic-enriched oolong tea and its products in food and pharmaceutical industries.However,potential health beneficial effects of oolong tea in humans should be further complemented by large-sized,randomized double-blind and placebo-controlled trials to consolidate potential therapeutic applications.

Intrinsic electrochemical activity modulation of MOF-derived C/N-NiCoMn-LDH/Ag electrode for low temperature hybrid supercapacitors

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)are promising electrode candidates for supercapacitors.However,lim-itations like inferior cycling stability and unsatisfactory charge storage capability at low temperatures have exerted negative effects on their applications.Herein,a novel synthetic process has been elaborately designed and provided to have the composition and structure of the C/N-NiCoMn-LDH/Ag(C/N-CNMA)delicately regulated.Both the experimental and theoretical researches unveil that the incorporated manganese species and elemental silver could dramatically modulate the bandgap,crystallinity and surface electron structure of the LDH,leading to the remarkable improvement in its conductivity,exposed active sites and intrinsic electrochemical activity,and thus the OH^(*)and O^(*)adsorption free energy could be remarkably optimized,even at low temperatures.In addition,the low crystallinity C/N-CNMA is of great electrochemical compatibility with both the KOH aqueous electrolyte and the isobutyl alcohol(IPA)modulated organohydrogel electrolyte.By means of adjusting the solvation and hydrogen bonding in the electrolytes,the assembled hybrid supercapacitors deliver excellent energy density,power density and cycling stability in the temperature range of-30 to 25℃.Specifically,the gel electrolyte with IPA as the anti-freezing functional additive displays high flexibility and ionic conductivity at low temperatures.

《Module 5 Activities》教学设计

教材内容本节课选自外延版初一下(Unit1《I’m watering the new trees》)教材分析本课是围绕"学生日常活动……如何种树"这个话题展开的,内容紧密结合中学生的日常生活,让学生如何用简单的英语来描素正在做某事的步骤。

A Simplified Numerical Simulation Method Considering Active Devices for Opto-Electronic Mixed Modules

A simplified simulation method based on the FDTD technique that can handle active devices is proposed. This method well suits the electrical crosstalk analysis of multi-channel integrated, opto-electronic mixed modules. We apply this method to an 8-channel integrated super-compact high-sensitivity optical module. The results show good agreement between simulations and measurements.

All-fiber acousto-optic modulator based on a cladding-etched optical fiber for active mode-locking

An all-fiber acousto-optic modulator(AOM), which features a compact structure and a low-driving voltage, is experimentally demonstrated for the active mode-locking of a fiber laser. The proposed AOM is based on the short length of the cladding-etched fiber, the ends of which are fixed on a slide glass. On top of the cladding-etched fiber, a piezoelectric transducer was overlaid. A chemical wet-etching technique, which is based on a mixed solution of NH_4F and (NH_4)2SO_4, is used to reduce the fiber diameter down to ～25 μm, and the length of the etched section is only 0.5 cm. The fabricated device exhibited a modulation depth of 73.10% at an acoustic frequency of 918.9 kHz and a peak-to-peak electrical voltage of 10 V, while a laser beam was coupled at 1560 nm.By using the prepared AOM within an erbium-doped-fiber ring cavity, the mode-locked pulses with a temporalwidth of 2.66 ps were readily obtained at a repetition rate of 1.838 MHz.

Co-regulated Protein Functional Modules with Varying Activities in Dynamic PPI Networks

Current methods for the detection of differential gene expression focus on finding individual genes that may be responsible for certain diseases or external irritants. However, for common genetic diseases, multiple genes and their interactions should be understood and treated together during the exploration of disease causes and possible drug design. The present study focuses on analyzing the dynamic patterns of co-regulated modules during biological progression and determining those having remarkably varying activities, using the yeast cell cycle as a case study. We first constructed dynamic active protein-protein interaction networks by modeling the activity of proteins and assembling the dynamic co-regulation protein network at each time point. The dynamic active modules were detected using a method based on the Bayesian graphical model and then the modules with the most varied dispersion of clustering coefficients, which could be responsible for the dynamic mechanism of the cell cycle, were identified. Comparison of results from our functional module detection with the state-of-art functional module detection methods and validation of the ranking of activities of functional modules using GO annotations demonstrate the efficacy of our method for narrowing the scope of possible essential responding modules that could provide multiple targets for biologists to further experimentally validate.

Homo-oligomerization as a common way for Proteins to modulate their activities

Although many proteins have been found to exist as homooligomers in nature, the biological significance and mechanism for its occurring is far from clear. We have examined a variety