Cross-Sectional Associations of Lifestyle Behaviors with Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents

This study aimed to examine the associations between lifestyle behaviors and depressive symptoms in adolescents.Self-reported data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Survey(YRBS)was analyzed.Depressive symptoms were set as the outcome variable.Movement variables(physical activity,muscle-strengthening exercise,physical education attendance,sports team participation,television watching,video or computer games,and sleep),eating behaviors(fruit intake,vegetable intake,milk intake,and eating breakfast or not),and substance use(alcohol use and cigarette use)were included as explanatory variables.Binary logistic regression was used to explore the asso-ciations between lifestyle behaviors and depressive symptoms after adjusting for sex,age,grade,race,and weight status.Of 13,677 participants who completed the investigation,girls were more than boys(50.3%vs.48.6%).The proportion of participants in grades 9,10,11,and 12 was 26.6,27.2,24.3,and 20.8,respectively.Of them,the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 36.0%(weighted%:36.7%[35.1%,38.3%]).Among all the lifestyle behaviors included,participating in no sports teams(OR=1.53[1.32,1.77]),spending more than 2 h in video or computer games(OR=1.64[1.40,1.92]),sleeping less than 8 h nightly(OR=1.79[1.45,2.20]),not eating breakfast(OR=1.56[1.37,1.78]),alcohol use(OR=1.74[1.49,2.02]),and cigarette use(OR=1.83[1.42,2.37])were associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms.To reduce depressive symptoms in adolescents,interventions can consider encouraging adolescents to engage in team sports activity,limit time for video or com-puter games,sleep enough,regularly eat breakfast,and avoid using alcohol and cigarette.Future studies are encouraged to verify our researchfindings by using a more improved study design.

Sex-dependent increase of movement activity in the freshwater isopod Asellus aquaticus following adaptation to a predator-free cave habitat

Populations experiencing negligible predation pressure are expected to evolve higher behavioral activity.However,when sexes have different expected benefits from high activity,the adaptive shift is expected to be sex-specific.Here,we compared movement activity of one cave(lack of predation)and three adjacent surface(high and diverse predation)populations of Asellus aquaticus,a freshwater isopod known for its independent colonization of several caves across Europe.We predicted 1)higher activity in cave than in surface populations,with 2)the difference being more pronounced in males as they are known for active mate searching behavior,while females are not.Activity was assessed both in the presence and absence of light.Our results supported both predictions:movement activity was higher in the cave than in the surface populations,particularly in males.Relaxed predation pressure in the cave-adapted population is most likely the main selective factor behind increased behavioral activity,but we also showed that the extent of increase is sex-specific.

Clinical efficacy of the topical application of tranexamic acid in tendon release in the hand:A randomized controlled trial

Purpose:To study the clinical effectiveness of the topical application of tranexamic acid in hand tendon release.Methods:This was a randomized controlled trial conducted after receiving approval from the local ethics committee according to guidelines from the Helsinki Declaration.Eighty patients who underwent hand tendon release operation in our hospital from January 2021 to December 2022 were included and randomly divided into 2 groups.Patients in the tranexamic acid group(40 cases)received intraoperative topical application of 2 g of tranexamic acid after tendon release,while patients in the conventional group(40 cases)did not receive topical application of tranexamic acid during operation.The operation time,perioperative hemoglobin changes,total blood loss,incidence of early postoperative complications,and total active movement(TAM)before surgery and 6 months after surgery were compared between the 2 groups.The continuous variable which follows normal distribution expressed by mean±SD and used t-test to compare between groups.Meanwhile,categorical variables were used by Chi-square test,and a p<0.05 indicated that the differences were statistically significant.Results:Both groups were followed up for 7-18 months,with a mean of 10.3 months.Postoperative decrease in hemoglobin was significantly less in the tranexamic acid group than in the conventional group(t=7.611,p<0.001).The total blood loss in the tranexamic acid group(74.33±20.50)mL was less than that in the conventional group(83.05±17.73)mL,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05).Both groups showed improvement in thumb/finger flexion and extension range of motion after surgery,and the TAM improved compared with those before surgery,and the difference was statistically significant(p<0.001).The TAM improved more significantly in the tranexamic acid group(87.68°±10.44°)than in the conventional group(80.47°±10.93°)at 6 months after surgery,with a statistically significant difference(t=3.013,p<0.001).There was no significant difference in operation time and incidence of early postoperative complications between the 2 groups(p=0.798,0.499,respectively).Conclusion:The topical application of tranexamic acid during hand tendon release can significantly reduce postoperative bleeding and improve surgical efficacy,which is worth promoting.