基于现场调查的地下工程人员热感觉分析

通过对影响地下工程热环境的特殊因素进行分析,探讨了地下工程内人员热感觉变化的主要原因。对全国32个典型城市地下工程内部进行了热环境测试和人员热感觉问卷调查,分析了地下工程平均辐射温度对人员热感觉变化的影响,对比分析了人员的实际平均热感觉指标AMTS和预计平均热感觉指数PMV。结果显示:地下工程内温度较低时,人员的实际冷感更强烈;而温度较高时,AMTS比PMV略小。对全国不同地域的热中性温度与地温进行了回归分析,得到了地下工程的热中性温度模型和可接受的温度范围。

Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated indoor environment in hot and humid climate zone in P. R. China

To identify human thermal comfort in naturally ventilated buildings,the research based on both subjective and objective data was carried out in Chongqing,P. R. China. The characteristics of subjects' clothing regulation function,changes of actual mean thermal comfort vote (AMV) varying with time and acceptable operative temperature in natural conditions were analyzed. In addition,the indicator actual mean vote-actual percentage dissatisfied (AMV-APD) was used to study the actual dissatisfaction with thermal environment. The results indicate that regulative ability by changing clothing under natural ventilated conditions is very significant but limited simultaneously,about 1.7 ℃ per 0.1 clo. Under naturally ventilated conditions,people may have an acceptable operative temperature of 16-28 ℃. Based on the AMV-APD,the actual minimum percentage dissatisfied can reach 4% at AMV of -0.36.

棉纺企业棉纺织车间的人体热适应研究

目的研究棉纺织车间的人体热适应,为深入研究棉纺车间的热环境并采取恰如其分的健康保护措施提供试验基础和理论依据。方法选择郑州市某棉纺织企业有工作经验的工人和从未进入车间的学生作为研究对象,对棉纺织车间的热适应进行对比研究。对实际热感觉(AMV)、预测平均热感觉指数(PMV)、预测不满意者的百分比(PPD)和热接受度(TA)指标进行分析。结果 AMV-PMV的理想值应为零,现场测定工人的AMV-PMV值为-0.67±0.80,学生为0.62±0.78。调查的AMV、计算出来的PMV和PPD值均高于标准的推荐值,并且工人和学生对热环境不接受的比例远低于PPD。结论若准确描述棉纺织车间的热环境并提供健康保护措施,必须针对棉纺织车间的实际情况,考虑不同研究对象在棉纺车间人体热适应的差异。