Creating Inclusive Global Value Chains under the BRI from the Perspective of Public Goods Supply and Demand

Supply and demand of public goods provide a brand-new theoretical framework for research on the creation of inclusive global value chains(GVCs)under the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI).The supply of international public goods is an important positive variable for creating global value chains under the BRI,in which China and other developing countries involved,as well as their small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs),are microscopic entities.When the BRI’s supply of instrumental,institutional,and conceptual international public goods is in equilibrium with the demand of GVC entities for public goods,the BRI creates necessary conditions for the extension of GVCs.GVCs created under the BRI are of great value in promoting inclusiveness,fair income distribution,balanced regional development,and the restructuring of international economic governance.Under the current GVC system,some developed countries have been wary about the BRI and even developed misgivings and biases.Nevertheless,developed countries may play an active role in bridging gaps in the BRI’s development and complement their respective strengths with developing countries for win-win cooperation.

The Mechanism Research of Green Supply Chain Synergy Profit Distribution Based on the Shapley Value Method

Under green supply chain mode, how to Carry out the distribution of profits between subjects is an important problem. Through the comparison of the green supply chain benefit allocation of non-cooperative game and cooperative game the payoffmatrix, it is clearly that the necessity of interest distribution cooperative game. Put general manufacturing enterprises of green supply chain as the research object, using Shapley value method for theory analysis and example verification, vertifys that enterprise synergy gains more than their own separate management, and puts forward a feasible path of supply chain collaboration through the construction of the distribution of interests coordination model.

RFID’s Impacts on Business Value:A Case Study of Supply Chain in the Discrete Manufacturing Industry

Radio frequency identification （RFID） shall be a revolutionary technological innovation in recent years. Various solutions employing RFID technology have proved their functionality already in such industries as pharmaceuticals, express parcel carrying, and automotive manufacturing, and the increased efficiency and effectiveness has provided a good payback for the investments. But, up to now, fewer researches concentrate on applying REID to heavy-machinery manufacturing enterprises, which are a typical kind of enterprises in discrete manufacturing industry. The main objective of this case study is to extend our understanding of the potential for RFID to delivery of the heavy-machinery manufacturing enterprise, which involves one specific supply chain. A trial to automate the verification activities of delivery is designed and performed. Results show that the stops currently designed into the processes can be eliminated by employing RFID technology and that RFID should be a revolutionary technology as it redesigns the existing processes, eliminate some current inefficiency, improve the accuracy of delivering the products, increases information sharing between supply chain members.

Profit Allocation Scheme Among Players in Supply-Chain Based on Shapley Value of Fuzzy Bi-cooperative Games

The Shapley value of fuzzy bi-eooperative game is developed based on the conventional Shapley value of bi-cooperative game. From the viewpoint that the players can participate in the coalitions to a certain extent and there are at least two independent cooperative projects for every player to choose, Shapley value which is introduced by Grabisch is extended to the case of fuzzy bi-cooperative game by Choquet integral. Moreover, the explicit fuzzy Shapley value is given. The explicit fuzzy Shapley function can be used to allocate the profits among players in supply-chain under the competitive and uncertain environment.

Comparison and Experience Reference of Pork Supply Chain between China and Vietnam on the Basis of Food Safety Security

The paper aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of theoretical model and practice on the pork supply chain of China from the perspective of logical consistency while laying emphasis on the nodes of pork supply chain and the value distribution of value chain. First of all,analyze the conceptual model of pork supply chain in China and further characterize each node of the supply chain as well as the link between the nodes. By comparing with the pork supply chain in Vietnam,analyze the characteristics and existing problems of the pork supply in China.Finally,give advice and suggestions from the aspects of supply chain process reengineering,food quality supervision and the policies & regulations etc.

Application of ontologies to traceability in the dairy supply chain

Systems for tracking products through supply chains range from paper-based records maintained by producers, processors, and suppliers to sophisticated ICT-based solutions. In addition to supporting product traceability, ICTs may also support data capture, recording, storage, and sharing of traceability attributes on processing, genetics, inputs, disease/pest tracking and measurement of environmental variables. A key success factor for a traceability system is the capability to integrate and share information along the supply chain. ICT represents a tool to overcome integration problems, data fusion and information dissemination. In this paper we illustrate the application of ontology as a tool to model business processes and rules within an agri- food chain. The business case is represented by the Bovlac project: a scientific and technologic platform to trace fresh cheese production.

The Relevance of Relationships in the Value Creation Process： Analysis of SCM in the Chemical-Pharmaceutical Sector

This work, through an empirical research （Jayaram, Kannan and Tan model）, aims at analysing, at the same time, the effect of ＂structural mechanisms＂ and ＂relationships building＂ factors on the value creation process in the Supply Chain. The two factors have been chosen among others, as they have been considered able to improve the internal and external processes of the firm and the Supply Chain, and in consequence, able to influence the value creation process of the Supply Chain Management. The research has been directed to the chemical and pharmaceutical sector of the Southern Lazio （Italy） and a factorial analysis, using the software SPSS （16.0） which has been performed in order to verify the influence of these factors in value creation process of the Supply Chain The outcomes confirm the positive contribute in the value creation process for companies that take care of the relationships among the stakeholders in the management process of the supply chain （the ＂relationships building＂ factor） and, in parallel with the analysis of the same process, the secondary role of the ＂structural mechanisms＂ factor has been highlighted.

Enhancing Enterprise Efficiency through Cross-Domain Supply Chain Linkage Management

In recent years,with the complexity and variability of international finance,debt,and geopolitical risks,the growth rate of domestic economic operations has slowed down.More enterprise groups are facing the transformation and upgrading from domestic leadership to internationalization,achieving revenue growth of nearly 10 billion yuan per year against the trend.The severe and complex internal and external environment has brought many challenges to the supply chain for enterprises.This article focuses on the goal of an“enterprise supply chain system focusing on value creation,strengthening system linkage,and improving overall chain efficiency,”aiming to find solutions to problems such as strong demand variability,frequent emergency needs,coexistence of project shortages and inventory surplus,long material turnover cycles,and high organizational complexity.By searching for key activities in the entire business chain of demand,design,production,service,and finance,implementing source planning,process control,system linkage,analysis and summary,and team collaboration,we have achieved more scientific demand forecasting,more accurate planning,more effective procurement cost reduction,more stable production performance supply,more convenient inventory sharing services,and more efficient integration of business and financial policies.

Production and Innovation in Supply Platforms:Insights from the Innovation Systems and Value Chain Approaches

This paper introduces the term ＇supply platform＇ as a tentative and open-ended concept that captures characteristics of central importance for the study of export-oriented producers. As regional concentrations of export-oriented suppliers in China and India are maturing, many firms are now striving to build up innovation capabilities. How do we study the transition from production capabilities to innovation capabilities in supply platforms？ This paper reviews the insights from the innovation systems and global value chain literatures and discusses how we may build on these approaches for empirical studies of transition. It is found that these literatures provide important hypotheses for empirical research but more conceptual work is needed in order to address adequately the question of interest.

Value-Added Trade and Evolution of China's Comparative Advantages

Based on heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns, this paper estimates China's ratio of value-added exports(RVAE) using value-added trade accounting, and discusses the evolution of China's comparative advantages from the perspective of value-added trade. Our research findings suggest that without taking into account heterogeneity in firm's sales destinations and trade patterns,China's RVAE will be overestimated. Conventional gross trade accounting underestimates the export competitiveness of China's labor-intensive and capital intensive sectors, but overestimates the export competitiveness of China's technology-intensive sectors,which leads to a significant reversal of comparative advantages. Conventional gross trade accounting method overestimates the trade surplus of China's manufacturing and technology-intensive sectors with the US by about 60% and 85% respectively.

Re-Evaluation of China＇s Service Trade Competitiveness： A Global Value Chain Perspective

Based on the Worm Input-Output Database （WIOD）, this paper conducts a forward-linkage decomposition of value-added in trade to estimate China＇s service value-added exports and its service sector＇s international competitiveness during 2000- 2014. Result indicates that during the sample period, China＇s service exports measured by forward-linkage decomposition method accounted for around 35% in its total export. While the value of services exported directly through the service sector accounted for a falling share, the value of services exported through other sectors represented an increasing share. China ranks second in the world in terms of market share of service exports. However, the revealed comparative advantage （RCA） of China＇s service exports and export sophistication remains limited.

Thoughts on Participation of Supply and Marketing Cooperative System in Agricultural Social Service

Agricultural social service is an important field in the development of modern agriculture. At present,agricultural social service should be based on the extension of the agricultural industrial chain and value chain. The supply and marketing system has important opportunity to participate in social services. It should be based on deep reform of supply and marketing system,rural industrial poverty alleviation,sustainable agricultural ecological development,development of farmers' cooperative organizations,and increase of organization efficiency. It is recommended to undertake works in construction of platform of supply of agricultural products,commercialization of agricultural technology services,scale development of community-supported agriculture,and market based agricultural social capital. Through improving the team system of supply and marketing system,it is recommended to create platform-based flattening environment and create cooperative ecology in PPP mode to guarantee.

Myths and realities of China's apparel industry——from a global value chain perspective

Rising export and market shares and rampant bankruptcies coexist in China's apparel industry.Against the backdrop of the global value chain,the by-country industrial competitiveness evaluation system based on final products is failing.Using the global value chain theory,this article investigates the international competitiveness of China's apparel industry and introduces the case study of Nike's global value chain,reaching the conclusion that existing evaluations have exaggerated the international competitiveness of China's apparel industry.China's apparel industry is at the lowest level of the global value chain,and most local enterprises have not entered the mainstream global value chain and are still internationally uncompetitive.As far as China's current economic development level and targets are concerned,it may be too unrealistic to discuss industrial upgrading entirely from the perspective of OEM-ODM-OBM.China's apparel producers should stick to both paths:one is the priority to strengthen manufacturing and OEM;the other is to do more learning to go beyond sub-contract manufacturing and prepare for long-term growth of OBM.Building middle and high-end apparel producers and creating local brands by virtue of China's status as a big country is the right path for development given the industry's present situation.

金融科技赋能下供应链金融对企业价值的影响

发展供应链金融对于深化金融供给侧结构性改革,增强金融服务实体经济具有不容忽视的重要战略意义.本文通过对2007年-2019年中国A股上市公司全部320.8万篇公告的文本数据信息进行收集整理,实证检验了上市公司发展供应链金融业务对企业价值的影响.研究结果表明:发展供应链金融在短期可以促进企业股价的上涨,在长期可以促进企业价值的提升,并且上市公司采用的供应链金融业务越多,公告中提到供应链金融词汇越频繁,这种提升效果越显著.发展供应链金融业务可以通过信号传递效应、风险承担效应、系统管理效应促进企业价值提高.在供应链金融相关公告中提到金融科技词汇的词频越高,上市公司获得的企业价值提升效果越强.金融科技可以为股票流动性较低、风险承担较弱的企业发展供应链金融业务起到更强的赋能效果.在进行一系列稳健性检验之后,上述结论依然成立.本文不仅为中国公司发展供应链金融业务提高企业价值,提供了基于公开市场数据大样本的实证证据,也对国家和地方政府支持供应链金融的发展具有现实启示。

全球供应链发展特点及趋势分析

供应链的数字化、供应链的绿色低碳可持续发展、供应链的韧性与安全是当前全球供应链发展的三大特点。供应链的数字化发展是形势所迫,数字化的链接和数字化的共生这两个特征也决定了供应链发展数字化方向。通过数字化来实现价值创造能力的提升,通过数字化来推进组织协同能力的提升。通过供应链的转型升级,真正运用数字化形成价值创造的能力;通过绿色低碳可持续发展,形成发展优势;通过韧性和安全能力的不断提升,形成自主可控的供应链。

农业全球价值链嵌入、贸易成本与增加值贸易

粮食安全是“国之大者”,农产品贸易是保障粮食安全的“稳压器”。农业全球价值链在农产品贸易过程中加速形成,参与全球价值链分工有助于改善对先进技术和知识的获取,推动农业向高附加值环节升级。文章运用双向固定效应模型,选择OECD AMNE 2023版数据库中76个经济体为样本,探究了农业全球价值链参与度和增加值贸易收益的相关性。研究发现:农业全球价值链前向和后向参与度均能促进农业增加值贸易收益增长;机制检验表明,全球价值链参与度可以通过降低贸易成本来促进增加值贸易收益增长;异质性检验表明,这一影响对发展中经济体尤为明显。为此,我国应积极融入农业全球价值链,进一步扩大农业开放、优化贸易环境和保障要素供给,以提高增加值贸易收益。

中国经济国内国际双循环测度——基于三种GDP分解的比较分析

依据单一GDP分解方法测度双循环存在多种缺陷。本文从增加值流转视角比较分析三种GDP分解方法下的直接指标,构建一种以间接指标测度双循环的新框架,并将其应用于中国经济双循环格局演化分析和国际比较分析。研究表明,1995—2018年,中国制造业国内循环比例呈逐渐下降又大幅回调过程,本质上是对中国双循环格局“大内循环倾向”特征的回归,并不代表“国内大循环为主”经济发展格局已经形成;不同经济体双循环格局具有明显异质性,即具有“大内循环倾向”或“小内循环倾向”。这种异质性相对稳定,经济体双循环格局的演变进程主要表现为国内外市场关联和上下游产业关联两种结构力量作用下,在双循环类型空间的局部调整。从构建以国内大循环为主体,国内国际双循环相互促进的新发展格局出发,反映国内国际循环比例的直接指标不是合适的政策目标,中国应根据不同行业特点,根据间接指标所反映的双循环格局类型和结构特征,聚焦产业链整合和治理挖掘增长潜力。

未来可持续供应链的内涵、发展逻辑及策略研究

政治风云动荡、经济增长乏力、资源消耗量大、环境治理压力大等诸多困境的影响,使可持续发展成为值得研究的重要课题。文章剖析了可持续供应链的内涵,概括了可持续供应链的六大基本特征:低碳、低能耗、少污染、高社会责任、高透明度和可追溯性。采用扎根理论和多案例研究方法,并按照理念萌芽、理念践行和理念再传播三个阶段归纳总结了可持续供应链发展逻辑与价值演化逻辑。从主体、技术、设施和环境四个角度提出未来供应链可持续发展的多主体协同策略、供应链数字化转型策略、韧性供应链体系策略以及政府营造的可持续发展环境策略,以期为新形势下供应链可持续发展提供借鉴。

基于全球价值链的海南咖啡产业价值链赋能增值路径

海南目前是我国的第二大咖啡产区,其咖啡文化由来已久,但产业发展仍存在短板和约束。从全球价值链角度出发,通过多个咖啡产业评价指标,测算海南咖啡产品出口技术复杂度,并且对产业价值链现状进行分析,深入挖掘咖啡产业发展中存在的问题,并在此基础上提出海南咖啡产业价值链的区域赋能增值路径,以期对充分利用海南自由贸易港建设优势、推动海南咖啡产业链增值提供参考。

营改增背景下考虑双向期权柔性订购契约的供应链信用融资决策研究

本文针对营改增背景下考虑双向期权柔性订购契约的供应链信用融资决策问题进行研究。首先,本文明晰了考虑双向期权柔性订购契约的供应链两阶段信用融资模式,其次采用逆推法,建立营改增前后供应链各主体在不同信用融资模式下的最优决策模型,并对模型中期权执行价格、税率等决策参数之间的关系进行了探讨,最后通过仿真分析对比研究营改增前后供应链各主体的最优决策变化以及营改增政策对供应链融资均衡的影响。研究发现,双向期权价格、看涨期权执行价格的增加均会使零售商的订购数量减少;看跌期权执行价格对零售商订购数量的影响则相反。增值税进项税额抵扣机制减轻了生产商提供双向期权柔性订购契约的税负压力;营改增后的生产商信用融资模式下,增值税率的变化不会直接影响零售价格及零售商双向期权订购方式下的订购数量;当零售商采用双向期权柔性订购契约时,生产商信用融资模式较银行信用融资模式更具成本优势。